Press of
Oxford Orphanage
Oxford, N. C.

WATSON NEWBERRY SHERROD
Grand Master, 1937-1938

WATSON NEWBERRY SHERROD

Watson Newberry Sherrod, Grand Master of the Grand Lodge
of North Carolina, was born on a farm near Hamilton in Martin
County on February 13, 1891. His father was William Llewellyn
Sherrod and his mother Cottie Newberry Sherrod. He attended the
public and private schools at Hamilton until 1908 when he entered
Trinity Park School at Durham, N. C., for the sessions 1908-9-10.
He then entered the University of North Carolina where he remain-
ed until the spring of 1912 when it became necessary for him to
assist his father in his numerous business affairs. With his parents
he moved from the farm in Martin County to Enfield, N. C., on Jan-
uary 1, 1910, at which place he has since resided. On January 1,
1916, he entered business for himself, and since that time he has
been engaged in many business enterprises, always retaining, how-
ever, his interest in his first love,——farming. He is now the owner of
large farms in Halifax, Nash, and Martin Counties. Immediately
upon taking up his residence at Enfield, he allied himself with the
Methodist Episcopal Church of this place, and has, at all times,
been most active in all church affairs, serving on the Board of
Stewards, teaching Sunday School, and performing such other
duties as were imposed upon him by his pastor and his church.

On August 27, 1918, he was married to Miss Ruth B. Wood, and
to this union there was born one son, Watson N. Sherrod, Jr. His
family life has been ideal, and friends from far and near have been
privileged to enjoy the hospitality of his charming home.

His Masonic career began on March 12, 1917, when he was in-
itiated in Enfield Lodge, No. 447. He was passed on April 9, 1917,
and raised to the sublime degree of Master Mason on May 14, 1917.
His work in Masonry began with his initiation, and his zeal in the
cause of Freemasonry has been most pronounced from that time.
He easily mastered the ritualistic work and, soon after he was
raised, he was elected to office, and in 1921 he was unanimously
elected Worshipful Master of Enfield Lodge, No. 447. Even before
his election as Master of his lodge, he began his attendance upon
the communications of the Grand Lodge of North Carolina, and
served upon some of its important committees. His work and his
worth as a Mason was fittingly recognized by Grand Master R. C.
Dunn, who, on January 19, 1928, appointed him Grand Steward of
the Grand Lodge of North Carolina. Each year thereafter he was
advanced in the line of Grand Officers. In 1934 he was elected Jun-
ior Grand Warden. In 1935 he was advanced to the office of Senior
Grand Warden, and in 1936 he was elected to the high position of
Deputy Grand Master. On the night of April 21, 1937, he was un-
animously elevated to the highest office in the gift of the Masons
of North Carolina when he was made Grand Master of the Grand
Lodge of North Carolina. `

His career in Capitular Masonry began shortly after he was
raised, and on March 5, 1918, he was exalted in Enfield Chapter,
No. 52. In this branch of Masonry, also, he became active in the
local chapter, and soon found recognition at the hands of his com-
panions. In 1926 he was elected High Priest of the Enfield Chap-
ter, No. 52, was re-elected and served several terms thereafter. On
May 19, 1926, after much activity in the Grand Chapter, he was
appointed Grand Master of the First Veil of the Grand Royal Arch
Chapter of North Carolina by Most Excellent Grand High Priest
John S. McEachern. He was advanced through the line each year,
and on May 19, 1934, he was unanimously elected Grand High Priest,

serving one year. Too often one who has been honored by his elec-
tion as Grand High Priest, and who has served his term as such,
seems to lose interest in Capitular Masonry. However, this has not
been true of the subject of this sketch. He has been regular in his at-
tendance and diligent in the work of the Grand Chapter at all times.

On April 22, 1918, he was dubbed a Knight of the Temple in St.
Aldemar Commandery, No. 12, and, in Templarism as in the other
branches of Masonry, he has been most active. In 1923 he was elec-
ted Eminent Commander of St. Aldemar Commandery, No. 12, in
which office he served for one year, and, since that time, when his
services and leadership were needed in this Commandery, he again
accepted the office of Eminent Commander.

He is a member of Sudan Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., having
walked the hot sands on May 28, 1918, and, in the Shrine, as in all
other Masonic Bodies, he has stood for the best in Masonry.

His Scottish Rite career began in Joseph Montfort Lodge of
Perfection, No. 3, Enfield, N. C., which he served as Venerable
Master for several terms. He also served as Wise Master of the
William R. Davie Chapter of Rose Croix, No. 4, of Enfield, N. C.
The Council and Consistory degrees were conferred upon him by
New Bern Consistory, he being given the thirty-second degree on
June 28, 1918. As in the York Rite, so in the Scottish, he was early
recognized as a leader and recognition was accorded him by the Su-
preme Council of the Scottish Rite for the Southern Jurisdiction,
when at Washington, D. C., on October 16, 1923, he was exalted to
the rank of Knight Commander of the Court of Honor.

Despite the fact that he had been recognized in the Grand Bod-
ies of Masonry in North Carolina, he did not deem it derogatory to
his rank and title of Grand Officer to serve in subordinate positions
in the local Masonie Bodies. For many years he was Secretary of
Enfield Lodge, No. 447, Enfield Chapter, No. 52, and St. Aldemar
Commandery, No. 12. In all of these offices he gave of his best.
Since November 1, 1930, he has been Secretary of the Scottish Rite
Bodies in the Valley of Enfield.

In business, as in Masonry, he has always been most active. He
is possessed of unbounded zeal in any cause he espouses or in any
business he undertakes. At present he is not only giving his personal
attention to his large farming interests in Halifax, Nash and Mar-
tin Counties, but he is Active President of Acme Chevrolet Com-
pany in Enfield, N. C., and of Scotland Neck Motors in Scotland
Neck, N. C. He is also President of Citizens’ Cash Grocery Company
in Enfield. He is a Past President of the Enfield Kiwanis Club, he
has served as a member of the Board of Commissioners of the Town
of Enfield and is now a member of the Board of Trustees of the En-
field Graded School. Despite his many and varied business interests,
he has not permitted them to take precedence over his church and

his Masonry. His church is always first, but his Masonry runs a
close second.

He brings to the high office of Grand Master zeal for the cause
of Freemasonry, an abundance of energy that is untiring, a business
experience of many successful years, and a love for the principles of
the Great Institution, of which he is the head in North Carolina,
that will go far toward making his administration as Grand Mas-
ter of the Grand Lodge of North Carolina worthy of a place along-
side the records of the best of those who have worn the purple. He

will give an account of himself of which the Grand Lodge will en-
thusiastically approve.

Proceedings

OF THE

GRAND LODGE

A. F. And A. M.
Of North Carolina

Gs

1937

PAST GRAND MASTERS

A List oF THE PAST GRAND MASTERS OF THE. GRAND
LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA FROM 1787 To 1936,
INCLUSIVE, AND DATES WHEN ELECTED

*Samuel Johnston. ._._-_.1787
*Richard Caswell --------- 1788

*Samuel Johnston. 1789, '90 "01.

*William R. Davie__1792, '93,
94, "95, 796, ’97, "98
*William Polk....1799, 1800, "01
*John L. Taylor___1802, ’03, '04
*John Hall ------- 1805, '06, '07
*Benjamin Smith.1808, '09, "10
*Robert Williams. 1811, 712, 713
*John L. Taylor..1814, "15, '16
*Calvin Jones... 1817, 718, 719
*John A. Cameron....1820, 721

*James Strudwick Smith. 1822
*Robert Strange......- 1823, '24
SH. G. Burton-------- 1825, ’26
*L. D. Wilson--..1827, ’28, ’29
*R. D. Speight, Jr.---- 1830, ’31
*S. We BaRerol.co---ecuzo 1832
*S. F. Patterson...... 1833, '84

*L. H. Martseller...... 1835, '36
*D. W. Stone____- 1837, '88, ’39

*S. J. Baker. 1840
*D. L. Crenshaw........- 1841
*J. H. Wheeler....... 1842,. '43

zb W. Fanning__1844, '45, '46
SW. F. Collins----1847, '48, '49
* A. T. Jerkins____1850, "DI, '52
*Clement H. Jordan...1853, '54

SP A; Holtz-22222z2- 1855, '56
*Alfred Martin....... 1857, '58
*Lewis S. Williams____1859, '60
EW Gy Hil... 1861
*E. F. Watson-------- 1862, '63
' *John McCormick .......- 1864
*E. J. Reade-......... 1865, '66
*R. W. Best e 1867

*George W. Blount___1784, "75

* Deceased.

*Horace H. Munson__-1876, "77
*William R. Cox______ 1878, ’79
*Henry F. Grainger___1880, ’81
*Robert Bingham_ 1882, ’83, '84
*Fabius H. Busbee____1885, '86
*C. H. Robinson.....- 1887, '88
*Samuel H. Smith____1889, '90
*Hezekiah A. Gudger..1891, '92
*John W. Cotten. —— 1893, '94
*Francis M. Moye....1895, '96
*Walter E. Moore-...1897, '98

*Richard J.. Noble-------- 1899
*B. S. Royster-------- 1900, '01
SH. I. Clafk.......-—- 1902, '03
W. S. Liddell........ 1904, "05

Francis D. Winston__1906, ’07
*Samuel M. Gattis____1908, "00
*Richard N. Hackett__1910, "11

SW. B. McKoy.......---- 1912
*F. M. Winchester.......- 1913
*Jno. T. Alderman.......- 1914
F. P. Hobgood, Jr.------- 1915
A. B. Andrews, Jr.------ 1916
Claude L. Pridgen....... 1917
*George S. Norfleet------ 1918
Henry A. Grady--------- 1919
*James C. Braswell....... 1920
J. Bailey Owen. ........- 1921
*James H. Webb---------- 1922

Hubert McN. Poteat----- 1923
James LeG. Everett |... 1924

*Leon Cash .-....--.----- 1925
*John E. Cameron........ 1926
John H. Anderson....... 1927
Raymond C. Dunn....... 1928
John J. Phoenix.........1929

. W. Timberlake, Jr.____ 1930
. W. Winborne........- 1931

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8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE GRAND LODGE OF NORTH
CAROLINA FOR THE YEAR ENDING APRIL 20, 1938

ELECTIVE OFFICERS

M.’.W.’-Watson N. Sherrod_Grand Master_-------------- Enfield
R..W..Harry T. Paterson..Deputy Grand Master... Wilmington
R.'.W.'.J. Edward Allen....- Senior Grand Warden....- Warrenton
R..W.'.Thos. J. Harkins... Junior Grand Warden......Asheville
BW DH C. Alexander..... Grand Treasurer.......---- Charlotte
R..W.J. H. Anderson....- Grand Becretarg. Raleigh
APPOINTIVE OFFICERS
W.’.Wm. R. Smith---------- Assistant Grand Secretary----Raleigh
Rev. Henry B. Anderson----- Grand Chaplain------------ Durham
WS V. Snipes___--------- Grand Lecturer. Dunn
W.'.Chas. P. Eldridge____--- Senior Grand Deacon......-- Raleigh
W-'James E. Shipman.....- Junior Grand Deacon. -Hendersonville
W.'James W. Payne....... Grand Marshal___--------- Salisbury
W. Julius C. Hobbs.....--- Grand Steward.........- Wilmington
W.'.Clyde H. Jarrett Grand Steward------------ Andrews
WW. D. Terry__--------- Grand Tiler.........---.-.--- Raleigh
WK W. Parham.....-.-- Grand Auditor-------------- Raleigh
W.'.Ben. W. Parham-------- Grand Orator--------------- Oxford
BOARD OF GENERAL PURPOSES
PG MP D. WINSTON, Windsor------------ Ee 1938
P.’.G.’.M.’.J. LEG. EVERETT, Greensboro 1939
P..G.'.M.'.CHaAs. B. NEWCOMB, Wilmington 1940
P.'.G.'.M.'.H. M. PorEAT, Wake Forest_____-_--------------- 1941
P GAM: R. C. DUNN, Enfield....-.s2=s-.-2.-.----.+-s=-- 1942

BOARD OF CUSTODIANS

WATSON N. SHERROD, Grand Master.
Z. V. SNIPES, Grand Lecturer. i
SAM N. Boyce, Gostoig 1938

H M. PorEAT Wake Forest______-___---_------------------ 1939
J. E. SHIPMAN, Dendersonville ---------------------------- 1940

ASSISTANT GRAND LECTURERS

P. C. Stort—First Distriet P. O. Box 993, Wilson -
J. W. PATTON—Second District -------------------—- Elon College
J. F. MARQUETTE— Third District... Statesville
W. D. Witper—Fourth District ------------------—- Weaverville

BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF OXFORD ORPHANAGE

J. W. Winborne, (1938); A. B. Andrews, (1939); L. T. Hart-
sell, Jr., (1940); Thos. J. Harkins, (1941); R. C. Dunn, (1942);
and first four Grand Officers. Appointed by the Governor: R. L.
Flowers, Ben Cone and R. E. Simpson.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA -9

DIRECTORS OF MASONIC FOUNDATION

Herbert C. Alexander, (1938); R. C. Dunn, (1939); J. LeG.
Everett, (1940); A. B. Andrews, (1941); J. H. Anderson, (1942).

BOARD OF DIRECTORS MASONIC AND EASTERN STAR HOME

J. J. Phoenix (1938); W. P. Henley, (1938) ; Ben Cone, (1939) ;
J. Howard Brown, (1939); Jno. S. McEachern, (1940); J. E.
Latham, (1940); E. R. Ford, (1941); R. F. Ebbs, (1941) ;~W. C.
Wicker, (1942); W. R. Smith, (1942).

REPRESENTATIVE TO GEORGE WASHINGTON MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION

d Edward Allens 223.253 as VE Warrenton
REPRESENTATIVE TO MASONIC SERVICE ASSOCIATION
J: Edward Allen. 22-2 52525022 sso ses see eee Warrenton
FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT
d Edward .Allena-.-2---2—————LemmceSLnlceLntcoss Warrenton

DISTRICT DEPUTY GRAND MASTERS
No. 1—Eliz. City Dist... Roscoe M. Wynn (317) ..... Eliza. City

No. 2—Windsor District...S. E. Phelps (5)------------ Windsor
No. 3—Plymouth District. RH Lucas (59)---------- Plymouth
No. 4—Halifax District. ...R. T. Daniel (208)---------- Weldon
No. 5—Greenville District. .W. J. Bundy (28941... Greenville
No. 6—Kinston District. ...L. H. Gillikin (112)------- Goldsboro
No. 7—New Bern District Frank R. Sutton (568)... New Bern
No. 8—Jaeksonville Dist... C. E. Warn (83)........ Jacksonville
No. 9—Clinton District... H. McN. Johnson (595)...... Willard
No. 10— Wilmington Dist... .Jno. S. McEachern (1)... Wilmington
No. 11—Lumberton District. R. T. Allen (114)--------- Lumberton
No. 12—Rockingham Dist, RK Yongue, Jr. (3805)-- Laurinburg
No. 13— Sanford District. ...L. L. Thomas (172)....... Jonesboro
No. 14—Fayetteville Dist....A. G. Klingler (667)... Fort Bragg
No. 15—Raleigh District... Hubert Eddins (155)........ Zebulon
No. 16—Apex District______ L. G. Jordan (584)-_---_-_-___ Apex
No. 17—Wilson District... R. M. Meacomes (411)... ..... Bailey

No. 18—Rocky Mount Dist..D. E. Bulluck (602)... Rocky Mount
No. 19—Henderson District. Dr H. A. Newell (229)... Henderson

No. 20—Oxford District... D. S. Johnson (122) _-________ Oxford
No. 21—Durham District... Chas. M. Walker (19)------ Hillsboro
No. 22—Reidsville District. Clyde C. Cole (11)------- Yanceyville
No. 23—Greensboro District. R. L. Pope (214) Thomasville
No. 24—Asheboro District..J. R. Hinshaw (188)....... Asheboro
. No. 25—Salisbury District... Geo. S. Moore (348)------- Albemarle

No. 26—Monroe District...

No. 27-——Charlotte District... M. C. Alexander (530)..... Charlotte
No. 28—Gastonia District... A. W. Kincaid (515)..Bessemer City
No. 29—Statesville District. R. E. Levan (487)________ Statesville
No. 30—W.-Salem Dist.____- P. E. G. Renninger (289) .. W.-Salem

10 ^ PROCEEDINGS OF THE

No. 31—Elkin District__1_--W. P. Henley (493) ---Pilot Mountain
No. 32—Eliminated
No. 33—Wilkesboro District. J. W. Nichols (407) ---N. Wilkesboro

No. 34—Jefferson District... R. E. Farmer (594) CETTE Lansing
No. 35—Eliminated '

No. 36—Hickory District--- J. T. Ingram (262) -----------Lenoir
No. 37—Shelby District... J. W. Lee (486) ......---- Lawndale
No. 38—Hendersonville. .....

No. 39—Asheville District. Guy H: Morris (650).....- Asheville
No. 40—Spruce Pine Dist... Roy A. Harmon (598) ------ Elk Park
No. 41—Waynesville Dist. DK Medford (453).......---- Clyde
No. 42—Sylva District M. Y. Jarrett (Ahn). Dillsboro
No. 43—Murphy District___J. B. Gray KAAR- SE Murphy

No. 44—Rutherfordton Dist.

STANDING COMMITTEES

Jurisprudence—R. C. Dunn, (447) ; J. W. Winborne, (237) ; E.
W. Timberlake, (282); F. D. Winston, (5); J. G. Hudson, (576) ;
L. T. Hartsell, Jr., (32); Thos. J. Harkins, (118); John S. Mc-
Eachern, (1); H. M. Foy, Gert J. E. ‘Shipman, (387) ; Chas. B.
Newcomb, (1); J. W. Payne, (543) ; Clyde H. Jarrett, (529) ; and
first four Grand Officers.

Finance—A. B. Andrews, (218); P. T. Wilson, (167); J. C.
Hobbs, ou R. F. Ebbs, (118); W. B. Hodge, (31); E. R. Ford,
(76); R b. Pope, (214); W. J. Bundy, (284); A. M. RIBUS
(447) ; and first four Grand Officers.

Oxford Orphanage—W. L. McIver, (151); R. R. Pool, (40) ;
A. G. Powers, (532).

Appeals—H. L. Taylor, (1); Z. V. Snipes, (147) ; H. Kauff-
man, (40) ; R. T. Allen, (114) ; H. M. Brandon, (289) ; T. O. Kep-
ley, (99) ; R. E. Yongue, Jr., (305) ; C. C. Cole, (11).

Masonic and Eastern Star Home—F. Eugene Hester, (384);
W. W. Schulken, (207) ; W. T. Russell, (576) ; L. G. Jordan, (584) ;
B. C. Nicholson, (497).

Masonic Temple—W. S. Liddell, (31) ; J. Le. Everett, (495) ;
F. D. Winston, (5); H. G. Etheridge, (118); M. F. MeKeel, Jr.,
(104); E. W. Timberlake, (282); R. T. Allen, (114) ; A. B. An-
drews, (218) ; R. C. Dunn, (447); F. I. Watson, (40); J. H. Ander-
vr ik D. K. Medford, (453) ; H. M, Foy, (322) ; D. E. Bulluck,

By-Laws—J. H. Anderson, (8) ; Grand Secretary.

Charters and e M THU Morris, (650) ; D. E. Bul-
luck, (602); A. G. Klingler, (667) ; J. Berg, (249) ; S. L. Gulledge,
(348) ; Guy C. Harding, (104).

Credentials—A. B. Goetze, (40); C. T. Mc Cl 1
J. W. Kellogg, (500). i SEE i

Charity—A. O. Alford, (218); State College, Raleigh.

Unfinished Business—C. P. Eldridge, (218).

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 11

Necrology—Harvey A. Cox, (40).

Masonic Loan F'und—W. B. Hodge, (31), 1937, Chairman; W.
R. Smith, (500), 1935, Secretary; Ross E. Shumaker, (500), 1936;
Thos. J. Harkins, (118).

Masonic Education—R. F. Ebbs, (118); J. P. Ashby, (167);
J. E. Shipman, (387); Hubert M. Poteat, (282); Royce S. Mc-
Clelland, (1); John H. Anderson, (8) ; B. W. Fox, (31).

Committee on Lecture Service—Watson N. Sherrod, (447);
John H. Anderson, (8); Z. V. Snipes, (147); S. N. Boyce, (369).

SPECIAL COMMITTEES

Sesqui-Centennial—J. Wallace Winborne, (237); E. W. Tim-
berlake, (282); A. B. Andrews, (218); J. Edward Allen, (10); F.
D. Winston, (5); E: W. Spires, "OI: John A. Livingstone, (1).

Lodge Service Commission—Chas. B. Newcomb, (1), Chair-
man; J. Giles Hudson, (576) ; W. J. Bundy, (284) ; D. S. Johnson,
(122) ; W. L. Melver, (151) ; B. W. Fox, (31); J. T. Ingram, (262) ;
D. K. Medford, (453) ; J. E. Shipman, (387).

12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

FIRST DAY—EVENING SESSION
Raleigh, N. C., April 20, 1937.

The Grand Lodge of North Carolina convened in its
150th Annual Communication in the Masonic Temple in
Raleigh on Tuesday evening, April 20, 1937, at 7:30
o’clock and was opened in ample form by Most Worship-
ful J. Giles Hudson, Grand Master, presiding, it appear-
ing that a constitutional number of lodges was repre-
sented.

Prayer was offered by the Grand Chaplain.

GRAND LODGE OFFICERS PRESENT

M.’.W.’.J. GILES Huneon. anina Grand Master
R..W..WATSON N. Snrgpon Deputy Grond Master
R..W-..HARRY T. DAatrgpaon. Senior Grand Warden
R-.W-.'.J. EDWARD ALLEN. Junior Grand Warden
R-.W..HERBERT C. ALESZANDER ---------------- Grand Treasurer
R..W.'.JoHN H. ANDERSON__------------------- Grand Secretary
WW Re SMITH____-_-------------- Assistant Grand Secretary
REV Wo As NEWELL-——— cene mecs Grand Chaplain
REV: Jo We PATTON: ee as Grand Lecturer
W.'.THos. J. Hapgmsg Senior Grand Deacon
W: CHAS, P. ELDRIDGE________-.._________ Junior Grand Deacon
W: JAS. E. SHIPMAN- -ieininanai aand Grand Marshal
We JAS: Wi PAYNE eaaa e Grand Steward
W: JULIUS C. HOBBS- -a-a ee Grand Steward
AWe sW oDe KEE Grand Tiler
WK W. Pappa. Grand Auditor
W.'.WILSON WARLICEK. Grand Orator

GRAND CUSTODIANS
J. E. Shipman____H. M. Poteat

PAST GRAND MASTERS PRESENT
W. S. Liddell, F. D. Winston, A. B. Andrews, J. B. Owen,
H. M. Poteat, J. H. Anderson, J. J. Phoenix, E. W. Timberlake,
J. W. Winborne, H. C. Alexander, R. F. Ebbs, C. B. Newcomb,
P. T. Wilson.

DISTRICT DEPUTY GRAND MASTERS PRESENT

No. 2—Windsor District___S. E. Phelps (5)----------—- Windsor
No. 4—Halifax District....R. T. Daniel (203)---------—- Weldon
No. 5—Greenville District..W. H. Bundy (284)_______ Greenville
No. "7—New Bern District. Frank R. Sutton (568) _____ New Bern
No. 8—Jacksonville Dist....J. R. Gurganus (83)... Jacksonville
No. 9—Clinton District... H. McN. Johnson (595)... Willard

No. 10—Wilmington Dist....Jno. S. McEachern (1)... Wilmington

GRAND LODGE oF NORTH CAROLINA 13

No. 11—Lumberton Dist....R. T. Allen (114)-------- Lumberton
No. 12—Rockingham Diet, RK Yongue, Jr. (305) Laurinburg
No. 18—8Sanford District... LL Thomas (172)....... Jonesboro
No. 14—Fayetteville Dist... Z. V. Snipes (147) ------------- Dunn
No. 15—Raleigh District. ...H. Kauffman (40).......... Raleigh
No. 17—Wilson District... R. M. Meacomes (411)....... Bailey

No. 18—Rocky Mount Dist..D. E. Bulluck (602).....Rocky Mount
No. 19—Henderson District.Dr. H. A. Newell (229) -Henderson

No. 20—Oxford District... D. S. Johnson (122)__-_-____- Oxford
No. 21—Durham District...Chas. M. Walker (19) ----_- Hillsboro
No. 22—Reidsville District_.Clyde C. Cole (11) ....... Yanceyville
No. 23—Greensboro Dist. ---R. L. Pope (214) -----_-- Thomasville
No. 24—Asheboro District. J.R Hinshaw (188)-------- Asheboro
No. 25—Salisbury District. Geo, S. Moore (348) ......... Albemarle

No. 27—Charlotte District..M. C. Alexander (530)..... Charlotte
No. 28—Gastonia District...A. W. Kincaid (515)..Bessemer City

No. 29—Monroe District... .R. E. Levan (487)....... Statesville
No. 30—W.-Salem Dist.____ P. E. G. Renninger (289) ... W.-Salem
No. 31—Elkin District____-- H. M. Foy (322) .......- Mount Airy
No. 33—Wilkesboro Dist....J. W. Nichols (407)...N. Wilkesboro
No. 34—Jefferson District. R. E. Farmer (594)... ...... Lansing
No. 87—Shelby District___-_- J. W. Lee (486)----------- Lawndale
No. 39—Asheville District. Guy H. Morris (650)------- Asheville
No. 40—Spruce Pine Dist...Roy A. Harmon (598) -_---- Elk Park
No. 41—Waynesville Dist...D. K. Medford (453).......... Clyde
No. 43—Murphy District__.Clyde H. Jarrett (529)..... Andrews
No. 44—Ruth’rdton Dist... J. G. Beaman (237)--------- Marion
GRAND REPRESENTATIVES
Alabama____--------------. D. E. Bulluck.......... Rocky Mount
Arkansas... eee ee J. S. MceEachern........ Wilmington
Colorado:..2.2222l222222l.2 W. N. Sherrod-------------- Enfield
Dist. of Columbia E. W. Timberlake___-_- Wake Forest
Florndassc-—-22cenll2nzs W. L. Melver--------------- Sanford
lIdahozc-scecss2eem—m—9 mec H W. Pickett__.-__.---.---- Durham
IHlinóls.—— sce P. T. Wilson........- Winston-Salem
Indians--c-coscezc2os2secne A. We Harris. Greenville
Kansas o Oe ZN Snipes soca dente cu dece Dunn
Louisiana... J. W. Winborne Marion
Momenter F. F. Harding ..........- Raleigh
Maryland.......---.------- Harry W. Walker----------- Norlina
Massachusetts- ------------- L. T. Hartsell, Jr. Concord
Michigan... H. T. Daterson. Wilmington
Minnesota... F. D. Winston__________-__-_ Windsor
Mieeiseinn H. M. Brandon....... Winston-Salem
Missouri_______._--_---_---- E. L. Somers Reidsville
Nevaüdaz-----—————— oS J. E. Shipman.......- Hendersonville
New Hampshire... .........- C. A. Graham ssincaatkaaa Ramseur
New Jersey__-------------- J. H. Anderson-------------- Raleigh

New York........-.....-.-. Re G;.Dunnz-r2e—————23 Enfield

14 _ PROCEEDINGS OF THE

North Dakota__------------ K. W: Parham- ocsssisssnes Raleigh
Oklahoma...--------------- J. F. Marquette. ........- Statesville
Rhode Island J. W. Patton... Elon College
Tennessee____-------------- Herbert C. Alexander...... Charlotte
Utahz---2lelzai-- ;- W. J. Bundy-------------- Greenville
Vermoniz...---llagnocsmaeszas C. T. McClenaghan---------- Raleigh
MIPEINIA- eec ‘Thos. J. Harkins:.........- Asheville
West Virginia. H, M. Pinnix__-_-_---------- Oxford
REPRESENTATIVES FOREIGN GRAND LODGES
Alpina, Switzerland......... H: M: "owends Mount Airy
Amazonas E, E. Acres,

Eeselen ees Leon Godown __------------ Concord
Minas Gereas, Brazil....... C H. Jarrett sole Andrews
Parahyba, Brazil Dr. Verne S. Caviness-------- Raleigh
S. Paulo, Brazil------------ J. W; aeren ée Lawndale
(SIA oY T3 F: eise H. M. Poteat----------- Wake Forest
Ee Is L, THOMAS sone ee Jonesboro
Colombia, Bogota ........ D. K. Medfiord .......----- Clyde
Czecho-Slovakia____-_----_- J. Howard Brown--------- Greenville
Costa Rea eege ege E: P; Martinu 222) Washington
Denmark nenen W., J.:Roach..==......<.-.-_~ Lowell
England... Alexander B. Andrews....... Raleigh
Einland. s. ecu H. G. nue TEES Asheville
G. O. of Greece J. C. Hobbe .......- Wilmington
G. O. of Turkey____________. Roy F. Ebbe Asheville
G. L. Lessing

Zu Den Drei Ringen____=. Ross E. Shumaker........... Raleigh
Donduras Dr, R. T. Allen. ei Lumberton
Manttoba Rev. Jos. L. Deäeock Tarboro
El Potasi of San Luis______. Chas. M. Walker... ........ Hillsboro
Valle de Mexico___________. Dr. C. P. Eldridge___________ Raleigh
National of Egypt__________. OK Leone Wilson
National of France. J. G. Beaman________________ Marion
New South Wales__________ J. W. Nichols______ North Wilkesboro
fen Ri. L; VE Thomasville
Norway, G. L. Norske, Pol... Henry L. Taylor--------- Wilmington
Nova Scotia... J. Bailey Owen___________ Henderson
Panama O E J. Edward Allen......... Warrenton
Philippine Islands__________ Ri Ts Danielson us Weldon
Poland: eo ecu P. E. G. Renninger.... Winston-Salem
Prince Edward Island______. A. S. Chesson Wilson
Queensland________________ J. W. Pavne nnana Salisbury
Republic of Guatemala. J. G. Hudson------------— Salisbury
Rumania Frank I. watson ... Raleigh
Saskatchewan... | H. A. Newell... ... Henderson
ror a oan TED Wm. R. Smith... Raleigh
South Australi sag ia

NOS mi oso C. B. Neweomb__________ Wilmington

Uruguay- Murray C. Alexander______ Charlotte

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 15

bici NENNEN RENNES H. Kauffman...........-...Raleigh
Western Australia John J. Phoenix.........- Greensboro

ASSISTANT GRAND LECTURERS
P. C. Stott J. W. Patton J. F. Marquette W. D. Wilder

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

We were pleased to have the following Distinguished
Visitors, who were introduced and received with Masonic
Honors:

M.'.W.'Joseph E. Hart, Grand Master of South Carolina.

WG H. Williams, Grand Pursuivant of South Carolina.

M.’.W.’.Vernon C. Eddy, Grand Master of Virginia.

R.'.W-'James M: Clift, Grand Secretary of Virginia.

R.'.W-'.Needham C. Turnage, Junior Grand Warden of District
of Columbia.

REPORT OF CREDENTIALS COMMITTEE

The Credentials Committee made the following report
Showing the representatives of 192 Lodges present:
St. Jobuis No. 1—Henry L. Taylor, proxy for Master;

Wm. Eli Hand, proxy for S. W.;
Jas. B. Hinnant, J. W.

St. John's... .... No. 38—C. B. Johnson, Master, proxy for

J. W.; E. W. Summerill, S. W.

St. Jobnis No. 4—Ely J. Perry, Master; R. B. Dunn,
proxy for S. W.; F. A. Garner, proxy
for J. W.

Charity------------ No. 5—S. E. W. Kenny, proxy for Master
and J. W.; R. C. Tarkington, S. W.

Phoenix..........- No. 8—F. C. Franklin, Master, and proxy

for S. W.; R. W. Pritchard, J. W.
Johnston-Caswell...No. 10—L. O. Robertson, proxy for Master

and J. W.; J. R. Ellis, S. W.
Caswell Brot'rhood..No. 11—0O. A. Powell, Master; C. C. Cole,

proxy for S. W.; W. C. Jackson, J. W.

St. John's... ....... No. 18—G. K. Aldridge, Master; A. J. Blan-
ton, S. W.; J. C. Burch, J. W.

Eagle... ose. No. 19—Grady A. Brown, Master; S. H.
Strayhorn, S. W.; E. C. Liner, proxy
for J. W.

Phalanx__--------- No. 31—W. M. Lineberger, Master; F. S.

Worthington, S. W.; Burke W. Fox,
proxy for J. W.

Stokes------------- No. 32—Leon Godown and Luther T. Hart-
sell, Jr., proxy for Officers.

16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Davie----_-------—. No. 39—H. B. Spruill, proxy for Master and
i S. W.; R. W. Hoggard, J. W.
Hiram. No. 40—R. E. Shumaker, Master; Jas. L.
Murphy, S. W.; W. F. Hodge, J. W.
'Hallaczs su No. 53—D. B. Harrison, proxy for Officers.
King Solomon...... No. 56—Richard Lloyd, Master, and proxy
for S. W. and J. W.
Concord__---------. No. 58—Dr. J. H. Brown, Master; Dr. J. L.
Peacock, S. W.; A. R. Wiggins, J. W.
Greensboro......... No. 76—Early W. Bridges, Master; W. S.

Mitchell, proxy for S. W.; E. R.
Ford, proxy for J. W.

Lafayette________-. No. 83—J. R. Gurganus, proxy for Officers.

Western Star...... No. 91—R. C. Flack, Master; S. L. Powers,
S. W.; J. Harvey Carpenter, proxy
for J. W.

Joseph Warren..... No. 92—C. A. Hunt, proxy for Master; S.
N. Tyson, S. W.; R. W. Bynum, J. W..

Hiramsczccizizz: No. 98—B. A. Sutton, Master; T. H. King;
proxy for S. W.; Norwood P. Parker,
J. W.

Pulton. No. 99—C. W. Still, Master: C. L. Wyatt, S.
W.; T. W. Summersett, Jr., J. W.

Columbus. ........- No. 102—W. F. Bland, Master; R. N. Farrell,
S. W.; J. Atlas Farrell, J. W.

Ores ose No. 104—M. F. McKeel, Jr., proxy for Master;
S. W. and J. W.

Wayne........-.... No. 112—L. H. Gillikin, Master, and proxy
for S. W.; H. W. Perkins, J. W.

Person... No. 113—D. R. Taylor, Master; C. A. Harris,
S. W.; Frank F. Wilson, J. W.

St. Alban’s________. No. 114—D. T. Lambeth, Jr., Master; R. T.
Allen, proxy for S. W.; Jakie Dunie,
J. W.

Holly Springs...... No. 115—M. B. Stephens, Master; Roy Ruth,
S. W.; D. A. Baker, J. W.

Mt. Lebanon....... No. 117—G. D. Ricks, Master; A. S. Chesson,
proxy for S. W.; W. B. Piner, J. W.

Mt. Hermon_______ No. 118—H. G. Etheridge, proxy for Officers.

Oxford... ... No. 122—Joe P. Hunt, proxy for Master; D. S.
Reynolds, proxy for S. W.; E. T.
Regan, J. W.

Gatesville_________. No. 126—G. D. Gatling, Master; R. S. Boyce,

proxy for S. W.; J. C. Mullen, J. W.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA

Dan River........- No.
Mocksville........- No.
Leaksville........- No.
Lincoln...........- No
Junaluskee......... No
Palmyra........-- No
Adontram. No
Pee Dee..........- No
Sanford_----------. No
Rolesville-........- No
Winston No
Blackmer.......... No
Buffalo............ No

Carthage---------- No.
Balfour............ No.
OBtyczcelcnoouenocn No
Cleveland... No.
Roanoke..........- No.
Mingo No
Lebanon.........-- No.
Mt. Olive---------- No.

. 198—L. E. Sturdivant,

17

129—J. O. Busick, Master, and proxy for
S. W. and J: W.

134—W. A. Kick, J. W., and proxy for
Master and S. W.

136—S. L. Lawson, Master, and proxy for
S. W.; E. P. Craddock, J. W.

. 137—]J. Thos. McLean, Master; E. L. Rudi-

sill, proxy for S. W. and J. W.

. 145—C. G. Moore, Master; L. B. Liner, S.

'W.; R. R. Swanson, proxy for J. W.

. 147—H. P. Byrd, Master; E. C. Hemming-

way, S. W.; Ralph M. Dowd, J. W.

. 149—J. J. Moore, S. W., proxy for Officers.
. 150—John H. Norwood, proxy for Officers.
. 151—Wilbur L. McIver, proxy for Offi-

cers.

. 156—R. S. Williams, Master; J. B. Ed-

wards, proxy for S. W.; W. O. Min-
or, J. W.

. 167—E. E. Maddrey, Master; R. P. Raw-

ley, proxy for S. W. and J. W.

. 170—W. D. Wilder, proxy for Officers.
. 172—L. L. Thomas, proxy for Officers.
Geo. Washington---No.

174—J. R. Mathews, Master; L. J. Wil-
son, S. W.; N. J. Wilson, proxy for
J. W.

181—S. W. Shields, Master, and proxy for
S. W. and J. W.

188—J. R. Hinshaw, proxy for Master;
Earl Shaw, proxy for S. W.; T. S.
Burkhead, proxy for J. W.

Master; R. O.
Heater, proxy for S. W.; Dr. J. P.
Hunter, proxy for J. W.

202—H. C. Wilson, Master.

203—Raleigh T. Daniel, proxy for Offi-
cers.

. 206—E. W. Wilson, Master; A. E. Bag-

gett, proxy for S. W.; Warren Jack-
son, J. W.

207—W. W. Schulken, Master; J. H. Led-
er, S. W.; M. L. Inman, J. W.
208—F. A. Andrews, Master; Raymond L.
Hollowell, S. W.; J. J. Hollowell,

proxy for J. W.

18
Enos No.
Thomasville____---- No.

Catawba Valley-..-No.

Wm. G. Hill_------ No.
Wilsónz:zz22e-——— No.
Henderson........- No.
Corinthian. No.
Lenoir.-...-....--. No.
Mystic Tie--------- No.
Grifon- séet No.
Monroe____-------- No.
Catawba-.--------- No.
=< jn a No
Kenlyzz--o-e—- No
Waynesville_______. No.
Excelsior... No.
Hibriten___________ No.
LR EE No
BDinsham No
Rehoboth__________. No
Wake Forest______-_ No
Eureka____________ No
Greenville_________. No

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

210—H: W. Pickett, and Jesse W. Cole,
proxy for S. W. and J. W.; H W.

Lowe, Master.

214—Frank I. File, Master; John R.
. Perry, S. W.; R. A. Hanes, J. W.

217—P. H. Wall, Master, proxy for S. W.
and J. W.

'218—R. D. Turner, Master; Wm. D. Mar-

tin, S. W.; Paul Kelly, J. W.
226—W. W. Holland, proxy for Officers.

:929— CG O. Seifert, Master; E. G. Glenn,

Jr., S. W.; J. Ed. James, J. W.

230—Lee Padgett, Master; W. L. Hadlow,
proxy for S. W.; H. F. Henson, J. W.

233—R. M. Adams, Master; A. W. Ken-
nedy, S. W.; W. H. Ferguson, J. W.

237—W. R. Nesbitt, proxy for Officers.
:243—J, H. Barwick, proxy for Master; R.

S. Hamilton, proxy for S. W.; W. A.
Phillips, proxy for J. W.

244—]J. E. Stewart and J. M. Myers, proxy
for Officers.

248—Joseph Ebersfield, proxy for Master,
S. W. and J. W.

. 258—M. R, Ingram, Master; E. L. Hedrick,

S. W.; G. F. Ingram, proxy for J. W.

. 257—John W. Alford, proxy for Master,

S. W. and J. W.

259—T. Troy Wyche, proxy for Officers.

261—R. A. M. Deal, Master; H. C. Hull,
S. W.; J. H. Killian, J. W.

262—J. B. Bernard, Master; G. D. Greer,
proxy for S. W.; J. C. Fletcher,
proxy for J. W.

. 268—Dan Tompkins, proxy for Officers.
. 272—A. B. Fitch, Master; W. M. Baker,

proxy for S. W. and J. W.

. 279—M. L. Farrior, proxy for Officers.
. 282—R. H. Branson, proxy for Officers.
. 2883—L. H Tatum, Master; proxy for S.

W. and J. W.

284—T. I. Moore, Master; J. S. Willard,
S. W.; G. P. Rieman, J. W.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA

Balem. No
French Broad...... No
Stonewall_________- No
Clays = ince REA No
Lillington_________- No
Pleasant Hill... No
Laurinburg________ No.
Hateher........... No.
Wilmington........ No.
Selma------------- No.
Granite............ No.
Bayboro..........- No.
Harmony.........- No.
Hickory..........- No.
Stanly____________. No.
Durham-----------No.
Fallston..........- No
Bakersville____-_-_-. No
Snow__-----------. No
Gastonia----------- No
Campbell. No

19

. 289—Adam E. McElveen, Master; T. W.

Yarborough, S, W.; T. F. Dunnigan,
J. W.

. 292—Carl R. Stuart, Sec., proxy for Of-

ficers.

. 296—J. A. Coffield, Master; B. F. Co-

burn, S. W.

. 901—William T, Bumgarner, proxy for

Officers.

. 902—J. O. Sutton, Master; A. W. Wood,

proxy for S. W.; H. E. Smith, proxy
for J. W.

. 804—Andrew Tyndall, proxy for Master;

Don L. Smith, S. W.; Wm. J. Outlaw,
J. W.

305—C. E. Muse, proxy for Master; F. F.
Forder, Jr., proxy for S. W. and J.W.

310—G. C. Stott, Master, and proxy for
J. W.; J. D. Eatmon, S. W.

319—Enoch W. Stillman, Master; David
J. Padrick, proxy for S. W. and J. W.

320—Sam Jones, Master; V. C. Seawell,
S. W.; W. T. Woodard, proxy for J.
W.

322—E. Q. Benbow, Master; R. B. Short,
proxy for S. W.; C. B. Shelton, J. W.

331—T. G. Leary, S. W., and proxy for
Master and J. W.
340—C. S. Hinnant, Master; L. R. Wor-
rell, S. W.; J. C. Sasser, J. W.
343—R. I. Thompson, Master; E. D. Cline,
S. W.; Wm. Fush, J. W.

348—4. B. Camp, Master; John B. Boyett,
proxy for S. W. and J. W.

352—A. V. Cole, Master; S. J. Angier, S.
W.; C. B. Jones, J. W.

. 9856—M. L. Smith, Master; W. H. Lutz,

proxy for S. W.; J. Reid Lutz, J. W.

. 857—Luey J. Gouge, proxy for Master and

J. W.; Jeter C. Burleson, S. W.

. 868—G. G. Farthing, S. W., proxy for

Master and J. W.

. 869—J. R. Dellinger, proxy for Master,

S. W. and J. W.

. 974—]J. Lee Peeler, proxy for Officers.

20

Granville_____----- No.
Beidevulle --------- No.
Pigeon River....... No.
Kedron--..--.....- No.
Mooresboro........ No.
Copeland__________ No.
TEE 2225-55523 No.
Bald Creek________. No.
Siler City... ...... No.

North Wilkesboro__.No.

University... No
Bula: ere No
Bailey. No

Maxton___________. No

Potecasi___________ No.
Montgomery......- No.
Stokesdale_________ No.
Reliefo ee oS No.
Piney Creek_______. No.

. 411—A. T. Winstead, Master;

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

380—C. D. Davis, Master, and proxy for
S. W. and J. W.

384—F. Eugene Hester, proxy for Master;
G. G. Rice, proxy for S. W. and J. W.

386—Frank Holcombe, proxy for Master
and S. W.; Paul Robinson, proxy for
J. W.

387—C. Few, proxy for Master; E. L. Fla-
gin, proxy for S. W.; T. Bennison,
J. W.

388—D. C. Wright, proxy for Master, S.
W. and J. W.

390—Wm. H. Hardy, Master, and proxy
for S. W.; Floyd E. Bass, J. W.

395—J. L. Baldwin, proxy for Master; L.
W. Rich, proxy for S. W.; H. F.
Hufman, proxy for J. W.

397—S. P. Randolph, proxy for Officers.

403—L. B. Brooks, proxy for Master; H.
E. Stout, S. W.; C. C. Brewer, J. W.

407—W. H. H. Waugh, Master, and proxy
for J. W.; Paul Church; proxy for
S. W.

. 408—M. A. Hill, Jr., Master; R. H. Marks,

S. W.; M. W. Durham, J. W.

. 409—Carl H. Moser, Master; G. B. Har-

ris, S. W.; D. C. McCurdy, J. W.

Geo. W.
Brantley, S. W.; H. C. Finch, J. W.

. 412—E. C. Parrott, proxy for Master; L.

D. O'Brien, proxy for S. W.; H. T.
Gill, J. W..

. 417—F. H. Ponish, Master; R. B. Bullard,

proxy for S. W.; C. H. Whitlock,
proxy for J. W.

418—Roland H. Hodges, proxy for Offi-
cers.

426—F. W. Kilpatrick, S. W., and proxy
for Master and J. W.

428—J. A. Pearman, proxy for Master;
W. H. Simpson, proxy for S. W. and
J. W.

431—Robie D. Porter, Master; L. D.
Creech, proxy for S. W.; J. H. Jones,
J. W.

432—Lee Black, proxy for Officers

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA

Vanceboro........- No.
Biscoe sassnictus No.
Marble Springs____ No.
Marietta No.
Enfield No.
Lë No
D'Usboro. No
Matthews. ......-.. No
Grassy Knob....... No
Sonoma..........-. No
Lexington.......... No
Grimesland........ No
Rainbow........... No
Southern Pines..... No
Lawndale.......... No
Statesville.__._____ No
Linville___________. No

Rockingham. -..... No.

Mooresville_______-_. No.
Royal Hart.......- No.
Creedmoor........- No.

21

483—T. S. Jackson and L. A. Edwards,
proxies for Officers.

437—A, T. Munn, proxy for Officers.

439—Victor Raxter, proxy for Officers.

444—D. E. Whitehead, Master; Dr. J. R.
Johnson, proxy for S. W.; W. R.
Maner, J. W.

447—Edward Meyer, Master; A. M. At-
kinson, proxy for S. W.; J. E. Bell-
amy, J. W.

. 458—G. D. Brown, Master, and proxy for

S. W. and J. W.

. 459—R. F. Jarrett, proxy for Officers.
. 461—J. W. Rowell, proxy for Master, S.

W. and J. W.

. 471—E. H. Glass, proxy for Officers.
. 472—T. R. Moore, proxy for Officers.
. 4738—W. F. Sparger and J. D. Bain, prox-

ies for Officers.

. 475—J. L. Williams, J. W.; J. J. Elks,

Master, and proxy for S. W.

. 479—H. W. Brinson, S. W. and proxy for

Master and J. W.

. 484—A]bert B. Sally, Master, and proxy

for S. W. and J. W.

. 486—E. D. Bridges, Master, and proxy for

S. W. and J. W.

. 487—Latta Johnson, Master; H. S. Doug-

lass, J. W. and proxy for S. W.

. 489—L. W. Sudderth, proxy for Master

and S. W.; Cecil Eller, proxy for J.
W.

. 492—J. S. Cook, proxy for Officers.
. 493—W. P. Henley, S. W., and proxy for

Master and J. W.

495—4A. A. Walker, S. W., proxy for Of-
ficers.

496—F. J. Jones, Master, and proxy for
S. W. and J. W.

497—B. C. Nicholson, proxy for Master;
L. E. Williams, proxy for S. W.; A.
J. May, J. W.

499—0. E. Wheelous, proxy for Master
and J. W.; W. S. Hobgood, S. W.

22
Raleigh......-.---. No.
Red Springs_------ No.

Luke MeGlaughan.. No.

UuUnaks--2--- No
Lattimore.......-- No
Whetstone........- No
Aulander.........- No
Farmville......... No.
Fairfield No.
Rodgers. .......-.--. No.
Ticnmiaecccsce ma No.
Andrews----------- No.
JODpüc-i--cc-22c- No.
Hamlet____________ No.
Camp Call......... No.
Corinthian_________ No.

Spencer___________. No.
Roman Eagle....... No.
Revolution_________. No.
Vesper No

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

500—R. C. Stephenson, Master; J. C.
Thompson, S. W.; C. B. Shulenber-
ger, J. W.

501—James Owen, Master; Hoyt ee
proxy for S. W.; Howard Odum, J
W.

504—J. H. Copeland, Master, and proxy
for S. W..and J. W.

. 506—U. S. G. Phillips, proxy for Officers.
. 508—A. L. Calton, proxy for Officers.
. 515—A. W. Kincaid, proxy for Master,

S. W. and J. W.

. 516—D. H. Greene, proxy for Master; L.

E. Andrews, proxy for S. W.; J. O.
Jenkins, proxy for J. W.

517—C. F. Baucom, S. W., and proxy for
Master and J. W.

520—A. G. Harris, proxy for Officers.

525—B. C. Strickland, Master; W. V.
Lee, S. W.; H. R. Knight, J. W.

527—Wiley Lamm, Master, and proxy for
J. W.; E. G. Evans, S. W.

529—0. P. Robinson, proxy for Officers.

530—P. L. Leonard, Master; W. H. Halli-
burton, S. W.; T. C. King, J. W.

532—E. B. Gunter, Master; A. G. Pow-
ers, S. W.; A. A. Williams, J. W.

534—E. L. Weathers, Master, and proxy
for S. W. and J. W.

542—B. S. Eldridge, proxy for Officers.
548—A. G. Smith, Master, and proxy for
S. W.; A. L. Frick, J. W.

550—A. K. Pennington, Master; H. A.
Gunter, S. W.; H. J. Edge, J. W.
552—R. E. Lineberry, Master; W. W.

Caruthers, S. W.; C. E. Oakes, J. W.

. 554—B. C. Burgess, proxy for Officers.
. 562—C. S. Massey, proxy for Officers.
. 564—A. F. Shaw, proxy for Master and

S. W.; W. S. Erwin, proxy for J. W.

. 565— Geo. P. Conoley, Master; E. T. Boy-

ette, S. W.; Ira H. Johnson, J. W.

. 568—-R. W. Brothers, Master; C. H. Bar-

row, S. W.; T. B. Caraway.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA

Mt. Pleasant No

Snow Creek

Andrew Jackson....No

A Dex: X sn No
Bethel. NO
Lowell No
Wallace__________-. No
Cranberrg. No.
Queen City......... No
Skyuka------------ No
River Side No
Home No

John H. Mills

Cannon Memorial__.No

Belmont
Francis S. Packard_No
Goldsboro

No.

John A. Nichols___-No

Guilford
Keller Memorial Noa

Garland

23

. 569—K. W. Winstead, Master; Clarence

Glover, S. W., and proxy for J. W.

. 571—J. S. Dobson, Master, and proxy for
Officers.

. 576—W. T. Russell, proxy for Master; S.
P. Purvis, proxy for S. W.; H. R.
Bellis, J. W.

. 584—L. G. Jordan and C. D. Maynard,
proxy for Officers.

. 589—G. G. Mizell, J. W.

. 590—W. J. Roach, proxy for Master, S.
W. and J. W.

. 595—E. J. Johnson, Master; Clifton J,
Knowles proxy for.S. W.; C. O. Bol-
linger, J. W.

H

. 598—R. A. Harmon, Master; W. R. Buch-

anan, proxy for S. W.; S. D. Nester,
proxy for J. W.

. 602—W. E. Batts, Master; C. F. Wisner,
S. W.; E. E. Battle, J. W.

. 605—P. S. White, proxy for Officers.

. 606—T. E. Harwell, proxy for Officers.

. 613—G. W. Davis, Master; I. F. Yelver-
ton, proxy for S. W.; F. M. Watson,
proxy for J. W.

. 624—R. C. Ausborn, Master; R. T. Renn,
S. W.; Ben Allen Newton, J. W.

.,626—W. M. Wilhelm, Master, and proxy
for J. W.; M. L. VonCannon, S. W.

. 627—H. C. Setzer, proxy for Officers.

. 630—J. H. Lifsey, proxy for Officers.

. 634—Fred P. Parker, Jr., Master; M. N.
Shrago, S. W.; T. L. Blow, J. W.

. 6371—W. C. Harwood, Master; W. H.
Davis, proxy for S. W.; J. M. Vann,
proxy for J. W.

. 650—J. W. Starnes, Master, and proxy for
J. W.; Scott S. Foy, S. W.

. 656—H. R. Moag, proxy for Officers.

. 657—R. W. Brown, Master, and proxy for
S. W.; L. O. Carbaugh, proxy for

. W.
. 66 . K. West, Master, and proxy for
. W.; I. V. Benton, proxy for J. W.

3

pls

24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

W. Asheville.....- .No. 665—W. K. Roberts, Master, and proxy
for S. W. and J. W.
Fort Bragg No. 667—Crowell W. Scarborough, Master,

proxy for J. W.; A. G. Klingler, S. W.
Holland Memorial No 668—T. E. Poplin, Master, and proxy for

À S. W. and J. W. e
Kernersville. ....... No. 669—T. O. Wright, proxy for Officers.
Lovelady____------ No. 670—Lee Ribet, proxy for Master and S.

W.; Rev. John Pons, J. W.

RHODE ISLAND BOOK OF THE LAW

At this time the Book of the Law of the Grand Lodge
of Rhode Island which was open on the Altar was dedi-
cated by the Grand Chaplain with appropriate ceremon-
ies, after which the book was forwarded to the Grand
Lodge of Florida.

The Grand Master made the following report which
was referred to the Board of General Purposes:

"GRAND MASTER'S ADDRESS

My BRETHREN: One year ago you did me signal
honor. I come today to give account of my stewardship.

Lust for office has always passed me by. Yet should
the fates have ordained that I be given choice of all the
positions within the gift of my fellow-countrymen the
one you conferred would have been my prime selection.

Through your suffrage I have been permitted to meet
thousands of my fellow Masons whom otherwise I should
have never known in the flesh. "These reside from the
serrated ridges of the Great Smoky Mountains all the
way down to where the restless seas break on the sandy
Shores of Hatteras. It gave me new contact with some
who have joined the choir invisible in the temple of the
blest. To the honored living and to the illustrious dead
I bow my head and bare my heart in solemn reverence.
For you have made me a better man:

FRATERNAL DEAD

Many of our brethren in this and other Grand Juris-
dictions have been called and have answered the last
summons of the Supreme Grand Master, and have joi-

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 25

ned the great host of Masons in the Grand Lodge above,
to be with Him whose all-seeing eye guards and protects
us at all times.

Our own Grand Lodge has not escaped. Our beloved
friend and brother, Jeff L. Nelson, Assistant Grand Lec-
turer, passed to his reward on September 11, 1936, and
was laid to rest in his home county and city of Morgan-
ton; and also that grand old man and Mason, loved by
all, Past Grand Master and Grand Lecturer Leon Cash,
answered the call February 22, 1937.

We deeply mourn the passing of our brethren, former
officers and associates, and suitable memorials of our
love and esteem for them will be presented by the Com-
mittee on Necrology and special committees.

As evidence of our appreciation of their loyalty and
our high esteem, let us pause for a moment in our deli-
berations to honor their memory.

VISITATION

At the invitation of Most Worshipful Joseph E. Hart,
Grand Master of Masons of South Carolina, I attended
a District Meeting at Clemson College, South Carolina,
with Brother W. T. Russell of Salisbury, on the 6th day
of Oct., 1936, at which Communication there was also
present Most Worshipful Abit Nix, Grand Master of
Masons of Georgia. We were very delightfully received
and entertained.

In company with our Grand Secretary, John H. An-
derson, Deputy Grand Master Watson N. Sherrod, Past
Grand Master Charles B. Newcomb, I attended the 200th
Anniversary of the Grand Lodge of South Carolina, on
April 5th, 6th and 7th. This was an outstanding Com-
munication, and the brethren of South Carolina are to
be congratulated on their splendid work. We were very
highly entertained; in fact, nothing was left undone by
the brethren of that jurisdiction.

I received many invitations from other Grand Juris-
dictions which I would have enjoyed accepting ; however,
to my mind the Masons of North Carolina, and espe-

26 —. . PROCEEDINGS OF THE. ....

cially the delinquent lodges had first claim and lien upon
my time and attention, for which.reason I had to de-
cline the other courtesies extended.
. The greatest joy of my year’s work has been. ating
the subordinate. lodges and meeting with the. brethren
and exchanging views, and, as best I could, bring to them
the real spirit of Masonry. The communion with the bre-
thren over the State has been a real revelation to me.
In this experience I have met and mingled with the men
of all walks of life, from the Atlantic Ocean. to the Ten-
nessee line, and from the Virginia line to the South
Carolina line, and it was all in all a most wonderful ex-
perience. l
During this period I have visited. and spoken in one
hundred and thirty five lodges; fifty-four of these vis-
itations were at District Meetings. I have driven 35,676
miles. i 2M
DISPENSATIONS

As usual, a great many lodges requested dispensa-
tion to elect and install offiéers under the provisions
of Section 82. of the Code, and dispensations were given
in strict accordance with the same.

I have refused to grant any dispensation to hold elec-
tion of officers before the date as prescribed by the Code
as I took the position that no lodge could, with certainty,
anticipate that it would not have a Communication on
the set date for election of officers. I have granted
dispensation for election and installation of officers in
cases where no election was held as required.

There have been several resignations of officers dur-
ing the year, which I, upon investigation, have approved
in accordance with the Code, and have granted dispen-
sation for election and installation to fill vacancies thus

created; also to fill vacancies created by: the deaths of
several officers.

LODGES CHANGING MEETING PLACES

I present to the Grand Lodge for its consideration
all records relating to the change of meeting place of

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 27

South Fork Lodge, No. 462, from McAdenvillle to Cra-
merton, and I recommend that the change be approved
as provided for by Regulation 141.

The consent of all lodges whose jurisdiction would
be affected by this change has been given and I consen-
ted to the change under Regulation 141, but the Grand
Lodge must give its approval, before the change may
become effective.

ORDERS

I commissioned Worshipful Brother Robert L. For-
tune, Master of Mt. Hermon Lodge, No. 118, at Asheville,
N. C., on April 27, 1936, to install Worshipful Thomas
J. Harkins as Senior Grand Deacon. It was not possible
for Brother Harkins to remain in Raleigh last April for
installation.

INSTALLATION

On April 28, 1936, I had the very great pleasure and
privilege of visiting Spencer Lodge No. 543, Spencer,
where I received my degrees approximately twenty-five
years ago, and there installed Worshipful James W.
Payne as Grand Steward of the Grand Lodge of North
Carolina. .

This was indeed an outstanding event in the history
of Spencer Lodge, No. 543, also for myself and Brother
Payne, as we began our work in Masonry in North Caro-
lina, in Spencer Lodge many years ago. Brother Payne
was made a Mason in the State of Virginia, and moved
his membership to Spencer Lodge, No. 543, and assisted
Spencer Lodge in conferring the degrees on me.

We were also delighted to have Worshipful William
R. Smith, Assistant Grand Secretary, present on this
occasion.
DECISIONS
I have received many requests for decisions during

the year, all of which were covered by the Code, except
the question of dual membership hereinafter mentioned.

28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

All of these requests were answered by reference to the
proper section of the Code.

As to requests for decisions, I take this opportunity
to state that in my humble opinion, the Officer’s Con-
ference held by our Grand Secretary in the District
Meetings over the State for the past several years has
eliminated the necessity of various questions for the
reason that Brother Anderson has on these occasions
explained the law and procedure with such emphasis that
the craft in general has received a real education in these
matters.

QUESTION: Should members of subordinate lodges in
North Carolina hold honorary membership in other
lodges, either within or without the State?

ANSWER: Section No. 79 of the Code specifies in de-
tail who constitutes the membership of our subordinate
lodges. Section 94 as amended in 1933 prohibits dual
membership, except as therein particularly provided.
In neither of these sections, nor elsewhere in our law, is
there any expressed or implied provision for defining,
permitting or regulating honorary membership.

Section 698 of Andrews’ Digest is the only interpre-
tation that our Grand Lodge has made on this question,
and it is my opinion that honorary membership was then
considered and defined as being the same as dual mem-
bership, and was not permitted in the case then under
consideration. Therefore, until the Grand Lodge defines,
authorizes and regulates honorary membership, making
certain distinctions between honorary and dual member-
ship, the decision heretofore made No. 698 and Section
94 of the Code, must stand, as our law prohibits honor-
ary membership in our lodges, or members in our lodges
holding outside membership in lodges outside of North
Carolina.

QUESTION: “A” lodge has been asked by a certain
church to unveil a cornerstone. The question submitted,
“Was that permissible?”

ANSWER: I ruled that it would not be permissible for

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 29

a lodge to appear in Masonic clothing, nor as a Masonic
body for the unveiling of a cornerstone.

We lay cornerstones, but no provision is made for
unveiling same.

LECTURE SERVICE

This part of our work suffered a great loss in the
death of our Brother Jeff L. Nelson, Assistant Grand
Lecturer. To fill his place was not an easy task. I re-
ceived many requests and recommendations. Taking into
consideration the location of the State, and service of
Brother Nelson, whose work was not finished, and the
ability of the man and brother, I appointed Brother W.
D. Wilder as Assistant Grand Lecturer, and he was assig-
' ned by Grand Lecturer Brother Leon Cash to the lodges
being served by Brother Nelson. Brother Wilder has
done a great work and met with gratifying success.

Our Custodians and Lecturers have given of their
very best to keep our work up to the highest standard,
and to them we owe a debt of gratitude for their very
faithful service. As has been said many times, ‘“Ma-
sonry is not a joke, comedy, nor a play". It is founded
on the best and should always be respected and honored.
Horseplay should not be tolerated, frivolity should be
discountenanced in all forms. The more dignity with
which we carry on the work, the more we respect and
honor the work, the better opinion we create in the mind
of the public at large.

The present plan of Lecture Service adopted and be-
ing used has shown its value. This plan makes it possi-
ble for every lodge to obtain the service of a Grand Lec-
turer.

I regret very much that not all of the lodges have
taken advantage of the service offered. I realize that
during the past few years where so many lodges were ex-
periencing financial difficulties we had not enforced the
provisions of the Code regarding service. From my ex-
perience, however, in visiting the delinquent lodges and
the other lodges over the State I find that very few of
the delinquent lodges have had a Lecturer with them for

30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

a number of years. In each case I have urged the lodges
to have a Lecturer at once and in every case where the
"Lecture Service was obtained good and lasting results
were evident.

I, therefore, believe and recommend that the Grand
Lodge should require strict compliance with this. law.
We cheapen our Masonry when we neglect this very im-
portant phase of the work. These Grand Lecturers have
dedicated their lives to the work. The Grand Lodge
pays their salaries and it is not right or proper for the
subordinate lodges to refuse to accept the service, there-
by failing to obtain and receive the results of the work,
and on the other hand, making it impossible for the
Grand Lecturer to be occupied during the year. Many
lodges have made dates with the Assistant Grand Lec-
turers and cancelled them without sufficient notice for
the Grand Lecturer to make other arrangements for the
time he was to be with the respective lodge, thereby
causing the Lecturer to lose a week’s work.

The report of the Board of Custodians and Grand
Lecturer will come before you for your consideration,
and I most earnestly recommend that the present plan
of Lecture Service be continued and that a sufficient sum
be appropriated for this most important purpose.

MASONIC EDUCATION

This was one of our main objectives during the year.
Realizing as never before the great need of Masonic
Education, our Committee has rendered valuable service.
In this, as in all endeavors, we need to begin at home,
for no one can instruct another until he is himself pre-
pared. The program known as “The Lodge System of
Masonic Education” has been received by the subordi-
nate lodges and where used good and lasting results are
evident. In our travels over the State attending the Dis-
trict Meetings, the Grand Secretary and I evolved the
idea of placing the book in the hands of Masons, and
following this program, we sold at cost about five hun-
dren copies thereof. We believe by this method the pro-
gram will be greatly advanced. The brethren will fami-

GRAND. LODGE op NORTH. CAROLINA . 8l

liarize themselves with the work of the Committee and
by so doing. will be able to give more complete coopera-
tion. ls ec Sech D d a

This great work and program demands our most se- .
rious attention and especially that of the Grand Lodge
officers and District Deputies, and I earnestly recom-
mend this to be given special and preferred attention.

To our Committee on Masonic Edueation I wish to
express my appreciation for their splendid work.

A report of the Committtee will come before you for
your consideration. . .

_ DISTRICT DEPUTIES

The importance of the office of District Deputy has
not been fully understood or appreciated. It is absolute-
ly impossible for any Grand Master to come in contact
with all of the lodges in the jurisdiction, even if he were
able to give all of this time to the work, and for that rea-
son alone, the office of District Deputy is one of vast
importance.

. Through the office of District Deputy Grand Master,
the Grand Master has an opportunity to honor selected
and interested members of the craft, and give them an
opportunity to mold the sentiment of the lodges, make
permanent the unity of our Masonic structure, and as
opportunity offers, commit to other brethren a part of
the good work. A good District Deputy can inspire his
district to become a great factor in the advancement of
the cause. On the other hand, his failure to exercise the
duties of his office brings discouragement to the lodges
in the jurisdiction.

He knows his people, lives with them, understands
their emotions, and can approach them in a manner that
spells success. Many problems that arise in lodges can
be solved by the assistance, advice and counsel of a good
District Deputy, and save the lodges from very serious
trouble and embarrassment.

In the selection of a District Deputy, it is necessary
that the brethren selected for the office be qualified to
advise and instruct the lodge in law and procedure.

32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

I know the problems of a District Deputy, having ser-
ved in that capacity for many years. It is not all plea-
sure, but one that gets results in proportion as he con-
tributes thereto.

At the present we have forty districts; however, there
are two districts, the 15th and the 39th, that are too large
for any District Deputy to serve. I, therefore, recom-
mend that these two be divided, and that two new addi-
tional districts be formed. i

At the beginning of the year, I issued commissions
to forty District Deputies, all of whom accepted in writ-
ing, and I am happy to report to the Grand Lodge that I
have had one hundred per cent cooperation from the
forty District Deputies. I, therefore, take this oppor-
tunity to express my deep appreciation for their support
and cooperation.

The District Deputy is the immediate personal repre-
sentative of the Grand Master in his district, and is, and
should be, one to. whom the Grand Master can look for
support, counsel and cooperation.

The Grand Secretary and I had the pleasure and pri-
vilege of attending thirty-eight District Meetings, begin-
ning in June and ending in September, 1936. In addi-
tion to the above, there were held five District Meetings
attended by the Grand Secretary, at which I was unable
to be present. During the remaining part of the year,
I held sixteen other District Meetings at which the Grand
Secretary was not present, making a total of fifty-nine
District Meetings durings the year. Of these I attended
fifty-four.

At all of these District Meetings we were received
most cordially by the District Deputies and the brethren
of the district. In the afternoons the Grand Secretary
held conferences with the officers, as stated in another
section of my report. I believe that these conferences
with the Grand Secretary, who explained the law and
procedure, has eliminated many, many troublesome and
embarrassing situations in the State, and made it pos-
sible for the officers to carry on their work according
to the rules and regulations of the Code.

GRAND LODGE OF NoRTH CAROLINA 33

In addition to the District Meetings, and the confer-
ences with the officers, there have been various confe-
rences held by the District Deputies in their respective
districts in the State.

A District Deputy who really does his work cannot
complete the same with one visit to his lodges. One of .
the District Deputies has made as many as four or five
trips to some of the lodges, all of which is expensive.
He has to correspond with the officers, use the long dis-
tance telephone, incur travel expenses, and other ex-
penses. According to the present regulations he is al-
lowed only 5e per mile for one visit. I, therefore, most
seriously and earnestly recommend that the expense
account of the District Deputy be increased to at least
two official visits to his lodges, and whatever amount
in addition thereto, as the wisdom of the Finance Com-
mittee and the Grand Lodge deem just and proper.

I realize that the office of District Deputy is such
that one who is appointed thereto should be expected to
contribute his time, and his talents, but I believe that it
would be good business to allow the District Deputies
a reasonable expense account.

In many instances, I have gone over this phase of the
work with some of the best District Deputies in the State.
In some cases their expense accounts have run five and
ten times the amount that they receive on mileage. I
am of the opinion that more consideration should be
given to the cost of administration work, and a reason-
able allowance made for the same.

MASONIC CODE AND ANDREWS’ DIGEST

The revision of the Code and Digest has been assign-
ed to our Most Worshipful Charles B. Newcomb, Past
Grand Master, who has given it his usual prompt and
valuable attention, and in due course of time, the results
of his work will be of lasting good to the fraternity.

RECLAMATION PROGRAM

This was a second major objective of our year’s pro-
gram. During the past four years we have lost from our

34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE —

active roll over 10,000 Masons, who were suspended for
non-payment of dues. This was to me an appalling
situation and we immediately decided to carry on the
program started by Past Grand Master Charles B. New-
comb. In the District Meetings we outlined the methods
whereby this could be accomplished. The program was
received by the District Deputies and officers in a most
cooperative manner. Many lodges have brought back a
large number of suspended members. The results will be
shown by the Grand Secretary’s report. In order to assist
in this work, I have written several thousand letters to
suspended members, urging them to pay the amounts
due and come back into the fold.

It has been a wonderful experience. I received sev-
eral hundred letters in response to my appeal expressing
their appreciation, in which they stated they did not
know that the Grand Lodge had any interest in them.
It is just another example proving that the personal
contact of a Grand Lodge officer brings the craft into
greater solidarity. .

I most heartily recommend that this program be con-
tinued.

DELINQUENT LODGES

This is a subject that has been before us for many
years, and to my mind, is a very serious one. No lodge
can function properly without. the aid and assistance
of its members. ` i

My predecessor, Brother Charles B. Newcomb, Past
Grand Master, gave much time and attention to this
phase of the work and accomplished good and lasting
results. I came into office last year and took up the work
where he left off. i
, Many reasons have been advanced for the condition
in which we found the lodges. Some contend that out-
side interests and attractions, such as social clubs, radios,
civic organizations, etc., is the cause; some the financial
depression, and many other various factors. There may
be some foundation to the above, but to my mind, after
a careful observation of the lodges in question, I am of

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 35

the firm conviction that the trouble lies in the tiled re-
cesses of the lodges, yes, even further that that; with-
in the tiled recesses of our own consciences. We have,
in the language of the Methodist minister (and being a
member of that faith I have permission and authority
to use it) “they fell from grace". And what these lodges
need is a good sound revival of Masonry in the hearts
and minds and consciences of the members; a thorough
rededication to those noble and better things of life, and
when that has come to pass, there will be no delinquent
members, no delinquent lodges, and no necessity for
pleading for funds with which to carry on the great work.

I believe, and have preached to the craft, from the
ocean to the mountains, that now, as never before, is
the time for us to return to sound principles of right
living, and rebuild our lives upon the everlasting princi-
ples and doctrines of the Fatherhood of God and the bro-
therhood of man. The above is the only way I know by
which to accomplish the desired end.

When we finished our District Meetings at Kings
Mountain on September 11, 1936, we had 136 delinquent
lodges, owing approximately $29,000.00. A meeting of
the Lodge Service Commission was held in Salisbury
and thirty-two of these lodges were referred to the Com-
mission and assigned to the several members thereof. I
took the remaining 104 lodges and made an earnest ef-
fort to clear their records before the end of the year.
This was, to my mind, the major work for the remain-
der of my administration, and I immediately set out to
give this cause my very best. I was not able to visit all
of these lodges, but have been in constant communication
with them.

From a complete analysis of the delinquent lodges,
from the information gathered, and that furnished by
the Grand Secretary’s office, and also from the expe-
rience of Past Grand Master Newcomb, I soon saw that
a great many of these delinquent lodges were on the very
brink of ruin, and to save them we had to appeal to them
from the standpoint of absolute loyalty.

I called upon the lodges for financial statements:

36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

a complete list of the members; the amount due by each;
and after analyzing the condition as portrayed by these
statements, I immediately wrote to the individual mem-
bership as to conditions, appealing to them for an ad-
vance all along this line. After having notified the mem-
bership of the conditions prevailing in their particular
lodge, I thereafter made engagement with the lodge for
a meeting, and again wrote the entire membership that
I would be present on a given date, and notified them
to be in attendance.

To these meetings, in company with various interes-
ted Masons, I went, presenting the cause as best I could,
emphasizing the fact that money was the minor interest ;
the major interest being their loyalty. I am happy to
state that I was always received most courteously, shown
every consideration, and never received the cold shoul-
der. The brethren appreciated our efforts, renewed in-
terest was in evidence. These meetings had more the
atmosphere of a true revival than of a Masonic Com-
munication.

The only regret that I have is that time did not per-
mit a visit to every delinquent lodge in the State. I receiv-
ed invitation after invitation to visit the stronger lodges
in the State, and to attend social functions. These de-
lightful invitations, coming from places or lodges where
no trouble existed, I most courteously declined, having a
firm conviction that my chief duty was to give the de-
linquent lodges my thought and attention.

I am very happy and proud to report that of all the
136 delinquent lodges, not one of them has been lost.

In many instances where I have gone, the officers
had sent me word to come and take up the charter as
there was no hope. In several cases they had the charter
rolled up, addressed and ready to mail, all books, supplies,
seals and property ready to be delivered to me, and by
me forwarded to the Grand Secretary’s office; in fact,
they had absolutely and unqualifiedly given up. I have
never accepted a statement from any lodge that they can-
not carry on, and after hearing our plea, not for money,
but for the return to sound principles and rededication to

GRAND LODGE oF NoRTH CAROLINA 37

the fulfillment of our obligation, the atmosphere chan-
ged, the charter was again unrolled, and hung upon the
wall; the records replaced in the desk; receipt cards gi-
ven to the members, and an unanimous resolve upon the
part of the membership that they would never surrender,
but would carry on.

I can give illustration after illustration of this won-
derful experience that I have had during the year, but
time will not permit; however, just one or two illustra-
tions to show what the condition really has been.

A lodge with only nineteen members—some 125 miles
from Salisbury—had not had a meeting in over eighteen
months. How they ever elected officers I do not know.
They were in arrears $101.25. I wrote the brethren
that I would be there on a certain night, and in company
with Brother James W. Payne, made the trip. It was
the first time a Grand Lodge officer had ever been near
them. They had a strange idea as to the relationship
of the subordinate lodges to the Grand Lodge. Of the
nineteen members sixteen were present. After giving
them the best I had, brethren, it was not a question as
to how much they individually owed, but the only ques-
tion was how much does it take to get out. The entire
amount was paid, returns made to the Grand Secretary,
and the Grand Lodge dues sent in with the returns.

It is impossible to give you full details of this part
of the work, as it would require a book practically the
size of the proceedings of this Grand Lodge. It has re-
quired time, expense, much travel, and hard work, but
brethren, this, as in all good work, brings rich reward.
All have been saved. Every delinquent lodge has made
payment on the amount due, and of the 136 lodges de-
linquent on September 11, 1936, 106 have paid in full;
the amount collected totals $19,317.70.

The money collected, of course, is important, but the
main object, and the results of which I am so proud, is
that we have saved the lodges, saved the membership,
and above all, in a feeble way instilled into the lives and
hearts of the membership a determination to carry on,

38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

and a rededication to the principles which we so proudly
proclaim. T b

^ There are some very important factors concerning
delinquent lodges that should receive our serious con-
sideration. I realize that the Grand Lodge does not,
and should not, dictate to the subordinate lodges how
they shall run their affairs, however, the time has come
when we should look into the affairs of a subordinate
lodge more closely than we have done in the past. Here-
tofore we have known nothing of the subordinate lodge
except that it had, or had not, paid its dues; conse-
quently, we did not know where assistance or advice
was needed. Past Grand Master Newcomb started the
inquiry by his form D-3. I followed with this, and in
addition requested a financial statement from all lodges. .
From these two statements we could, at a glance, see
where the trouble lies, and know where to use our efforts
to avoid loss of both membership and money. ` `

I find in some cases that the officers of the subordi-
nate lodges are, and have been, in many instances, dere-
lict in their duties and the business methods of their
lodge's affairs; especially the financial part, have been
most inadequate. Unfortunately, and to our very great
regret, severe losses have been sustained. In every such
instance the books and records of the Secretary had not
been audited, and in some cases had not been audited in
twenty years. Brethren, that is poor business. This
form D-3 and the financial statements have brought
these cases to light. However, it was too late, except to
avoid a recurrence.

Therefore, in view of the information that I have
received from experience, in visiting these lodges, exam-
ning their books and records, I recommend the following:

1. That all Secretaries and Treasurers of subordinate
lodges be bonded.

2. That all subordinate lodges be required, at the
end of each year, to audit the books and records of the
Secretary and Treasurer, and that the Masters of the
subordinate lodges be required to forward to the Grand

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 39

Secretary, with the annual return, a certified copy of
the audit. "

3. That the subordinate lodges be required to file
with the return, a complete financial statement of all as-
sets and liabilities of the subordinate lodges.

Brethren, I have made these recommendations, not
with the view that the Grand Lodge in any way or man-
ner shall dictate to. the subordinate lodges how they shall
conduct their affairs, but to give to the Grand Lodge
the information as to where help or assistance is needed.

Brethren, in making the visitations to the delinquent
lodges, I have gone both night and day. Situated as I
am in the central part of the State has made it possible
for me to visit many of the lodges that a Grand Master
living at the extreme Eastern or Western part of the
State would have been unable to visit. It was my prac-
tice during the year to work at my office until four or
five o'clock in the afternoon, then gather with me four
or five interested Masons of Salisbury and from other
towns nearby, make the trip to the lodges within 100
or 150 miles of Salisbury, and drive back at night. In
many instances I have gone six nights in a week. This,
of course, was a pretty heavy toll on my time and energy.

I feel richly repaid for my services by results obtain-
ed.

DELINQUENT MEMBERS

This is a real problem confronting the craft. The
Grand Lodge cannot solve the problem. It is one for the
subordinate lodges. The Grand Lodge can only base its
work on the records furnished by the subordinate lodges.

We are convinced that one who owes his lodge dues,
is able to pay, and: does not pay, should be shown the
error of his way, and then if he does not meet his just
and honest obligations, he should be suspended.

On the other hand, when one cannot pay his dues
through no fault of his own, it then becomes the chari-
table duty of the others to carry on for him; each case

D

40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

to be handled on its own merits, and if carried on in this
manner, suspensions will decrease from year to year.

I have stated time and again in the various lodges
where I have visited and spoken, that it is no more the
duty of the Secretary to collect the dues than it is of
the members to pay ; however, I have found to be an ab-
solute fact that where a lodge has a good live Secretary,
one who is giving the office the very best that he has,
that that lodge is not, and has not been, delinquent.

LIFE MEMBERSHIP

This has become a very serious question in some of
the lodges in our jurisdiction. Many lodges have a law
whereby a member is given life membership for having
been a member for a certain number of years, and some
of these lodges are facing serious trouble from this cause.

As was reported by former Grand Masters, life mem-
bership based upon meritorious service is one thing, and
an automatic life membership based solely upon contin-
uous membership for a definite number of years, is an
entirely different proposition.

From my investigation I am lead to believe that a
lodge charging the minimum, or near the minimum, dues,
cannot meet its financial obligations, carry on the chari-
table work that it should, and at the same time carry a
heavy load resulting from numerous life members.

I recommend that the Committee on Masonic Juris-
prudence consider this whole subject of life membership
and propose a regulation dealing with it. This. will be
in the interest of the craft in general.

MASONIC SERVICE ASSOCIATION

As its name implies, The Masonic Service Associa-
tion renders very valuable service to the craft. During
the past year many problems and conditions have arisen
where the Association demonstrated its worth. One who
has not served as Grand Master can scarcely appreciate
the full importance of the work accomplished.

A full report will be given by our representative and

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA | 41

I recommend that sufficient appropriation be made to
continue our membership in the Association.

GEORGE WASHINGTON NATIONAL MASONIC MEMORIAL
ASSOCIATION

It was my pleasure and honor to attend the meeting
of the George Washington National Masonic Association
in February, of this year, in the City of Alexandria in
company with the Grand Secretary, John H. Anderson,
Deputy Grand Master Watson N. Sherrod, Past Grand
Master Alexander B. Andrews, Junior Grand Warden
J. Edward Allen, and Past Grand Master H. M. Poteat.

This was a wonderful meeting and much enthusiasm
was aroused and good accomplished.

Our representative of the Association will present
' his report for your consideration.

CONFERENCE OF GRAND MASTERS OF THE UNITED STATES

This conference was held in Washington in Febru-
ary and will prove of wonderful service to the craft. In
this meeting problems of interest to the craft were dis-
cussed and ideas exchanged, not by way of endeavoring
to dictate but in order to come to a better understanding
of the questions presented. It was my pleasure to attend
the conference and receive the honor of being requested
to address the conference on one of the topics discussed.

There were present from our Grand Jurisdiction,
Past Grand Masters Alexander B. Andrews, H. M. Po-
teat, and John H. Anderson, who is also Grand Secre-
tary, and Brother Watson N. Sherrod, Deputy Grand
Master, and J. Edward Allen, Junior Grand Warden.

MASONIC AND EASTERN STAR HOME

Here we have the second shrine of North Carolina
Masonry. It has been my pleasure to visit in the home
and to take part in the program of “Robert Morris Day".

No one can visit this shrine without experiencing
a sincere pride in having a part in this great work. There
our guests await the call from the Supreme Grand Master
and it is a great honor to make their last days more plea-

42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

sant and happy. The splendid work being done by Bro-
ther George R. Bennette and his associates deserves our
unqualified appreciation and support.

The report of the Superintendent and Manager will
be given you and I recommend an appropriation consis-
tent with our ability to be made for the support of this
great cause.

OXFORD ORPHANAGE

This is “Shrine Number One of North Carolina Ma-
sons". It ranks first in the great work for which it was
established. I care not where you go or what you say,
nothing touches the heartstrings of Masons as does refe-
rence to the fact that yonder at Oxford live 369 little
children, made in the image of God, watched over by His
all seeing eye—your wards and mine.

Brethren, if we do no more than support this cause,
great will be our reward.

It has been my great privilege and honor to visit the
Orphanage several times this year, and I have each and
every time received a new vision of life. There we give.
unto those committed to our care that fair chance in
life they so richly deserve. I wish here to pay tribute
to Brother C. K. Proctor, and commended the faithful
work of our Superintendent and other officers and co-
workers of the Orphanage. Brethren, in the person of
Brother Proctor we have a real man of God at the pilot
wheel, guiding the affairs of the institution, and above
all, molding into the lives of those committed to his care
the true principle of Christian citizenship. My earnest
prayer is that his life may be spared many years for
this most useful work.

The report of the Superintendent and officers of
the Orphanage has been printed for your consideration.

I recommend that a most liberal appropriation be made
for its maintenance.

THE ORPHANS’ FRIEND AND MASONIC JOURNAL

The Orphans’ Friend and Masonic Journal deserves
our praise and wholehearted support. As the official

GRAND LODGE op NORTH CAROLINA 43

organ of the Grand Lodge we have found it a most valu-
able medium through which to convey information to
the craft. I have received from Brother Frank M. Pin-
nix, Editor, full and wholehearted support. He has gone
out of his way to serve. Many times at my request he
has mailed the paper to the entire membership of a de-
linquent lodge that had cleared its record, and this has
contributed much to the success of the cause.

He has taken delight in reporting the year’s work
and his efforts and services have been appreciated by
all the lodges.

LOTTERIES AND GAMBLING DEVICES

This question was brought before the Grand Lodge
at our last Communication, April 1936, at which time
Most Worshipful Grand Master Charles B. Newcomb
gave a most extensive report thereon. Much discussion
has been had over the United States during the past
year and several Grand Masters have had to issue edicts
governing the question. Not so with us. Unfortunately,
a program of this nature was started in North Carolina;
however, just as soon as it was brought to my attention
I immediately called the presiding officer of that body
over the telephone and the program was stopped at once.

I wish to personally and officially express my appre-
' ciation and that of the Grand Lodge for the very fine
spirit exhibited by these brethren.

I was called upon by the officers of the delinquent
lodges to permit them to put on such a program to raise
the money to pay over $900.00 delinquent amount due
the Grand Lodge, which I very promptly declined.

The cause of Masonry needs funds with which to
carry on, but it does not need money raised by gambling,
and when the day comes where it has to resort to such,
we shall be at the end of our usefulness.

GRAND LODGE COMMITTEES

From personal experience and observation, I find
that many of the Grand Masters have never served on

44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

important committees, and they are handicapped, to some
extent, in the administration of the Grand Lodge.

I, therefore, recommend that the Grand Lodge offi-
cers who are not members of committees, be permitted
to sit with the committees for the purpose of observation,
and receiving information that will be of vital impor-
tance to them in the years to come.

MASONIC MUSEUM

In my visitations over the State: to subordinate
lodges, I found it very interesting to examine their old
records. In these there are many valuable Masonic
manuscripts and letters, visitors’ records, etc., as well
as historical relics. Many of the lodges do not seem to
appreciate the importance and value of their posses-
sions. The letters are very old and contain Masonic
history that could not be replaced.

I, therefore, recommend that the Grand Lodge con-
sider establishing a Masonic Museum where these very
valuable Masonic relics, literature, books, furniture, ete.,
can be preserved for the benefit of the craft.

In this manner I believe they can be saved. Under
present conditions, they are being permitted to be ruined
and in many instances, destroyed.

LODGE SERVICE COMMISSION

The creation of the Lodge Service Commission has
proven to be a very wise step, and one that has demon-
strated its worth.

As reported to you under the head of delinquent
lodges the need of the Commission was quite evident.
Past Grand Master Newcomb, Chairman, and the mem-
bers of the Commission have done a wonderful work.
They have gone not only one mile, but in many cases,
ten. They have cooperated to the fullest extent, even

to their own inconvenience and loss. Not one of these bre-
thren has left undone his work.

The task was too great for one year. A few lodges
have not completed the program.

I, therefore, recommend that the Commission be con-

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 45

tinued so that the remainder of the work assigned may
be completed and that a reasonable amount be appro-
priated for the expense of the Commission. The appro-
priation should be a liberal one, as the members of the
Commission are called upon to give their time and at-
tention and they should certainly be reimbursed for
their actual expenses.

To Brother Newcomb, and the members of the Com-
mission, we are greatly indebted for their efficient work
and I wish here and now to record our appreciation for
their loyalty and support.

MATTERS TO BE COVERED BY GRAND SECRETARY’S REPORT

1. Receipts and disbursements.

2. Budget expenditures for 1936.

3. Names and numbers of lodges that have not filed
their annual returns.

4. Lodges consolidated.

5. Charters arrested.

6. Estimate of membership.

7. Nominations of foreign Grand Lodges near the
Grand Lodge of North Carolina.

8. Appointment of Grand Representatives near other
Grand Lodges.

9. Necrology report.

GRAND LODGE OFFICERS

During the past year I have had the absolute one
hundred per cent support of all Grand Lodge officers.
‘Whenever there was work needed in any section of the
State these brethren have’ been most cooperative, and
have assisted in every way possible, in the interest of the
cause, and to each of them I wish to here and now ex-
press my personal and official appreciation, as well as
that of the other Masons of the State.

INTERESTED BRETHREN

Brethren: Our program has not been carried on by
the Grand Master alone. No one man could have been
able to accomplish the results obtained without the co-

46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

operation and assistance of others. There is a group
whom I wish, at this time, to mention, to-wit: those of
the 25th Masonic District, and especially the Masons
of Andrew Jackson Lodge, No. 576, and Fulton Lodge,
No. 99, in Salisbury—my home town. i u |

On the 4th day of June, 1936, Andrew Jackson Lodge,
No. 576, entertained the Masons of the 25th Masonic
District, and officers of the Grand Lodge, at a special
communication, at which time a banquet was served to
the visiting Masons, I raised my nephew and associate,
James A. Hudson, to the sublime degree of Master Ma-
son. It was a splendid meeting.

Fulton Lodge, No. 99, held a special communication
in my honor, designated the Past Master's night.

At the close of the year, to-wit: April 15, 1937, the
last day for a meeting before the Grand Lodge convened,
Andrew Jackson Lodge, No. 576, and Fulton Lodge, No.
99, of Salisbury, and Spencer Lodge, No. 543, entertained
the 25th Masonic District at a District Meeting in Salis-
bury in my honor, a most delightful occasion, and to
these brethren I extend my great appreciation.

I cannot pass from this part without paying my of-
ficial and personal appreciation to some of my brethren
in Salisbury who have gone out of their way during the
past year to accompany me over the State and assist in
the program, to-wit: James W. Payne, Grand Steward;
D. M. McLean, W. T. Russell, Dr. S. P. Purvis, and T.
B. Van Poole of Andrew Jackson Lodge, No. 576; T.
O. Kepley, S. A. Russell and others, of Fulton Lodge,
No. 99. These brethren have gone with me both day and
night. No trip was too long, no day or night too cold
or hot. When I called they answered, and went with
me and assisted in every way possible to carry on the

E In some instances they went six nights in a
week.

GRAND SECRETARY

Brethren: In the person of John Anderson we have

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA AT

a true and loyal Mason, and the most efficient Grand
Secretary the Grand Lodge has ever had.

Brother Anderson has been to me a real Masonic
father. His wise counsel, untiring efforts, and one
hundred per cent cooperation has contributed largely to
whatever success that has been attained during the year.
He has devoted his whole time, thought and ability to
the great cause. My earnest prayer is that he may be
spared many years for this most useful service.

To him I wish to personally, and officially, extend
my sincere appreciation and gratitude for his noble work.

RECAPITULATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS

1. That a strict compliance with the rules and regula-
tions governing lecture service be required of subordi-
nate lodges.

2. That the 15th and 39th Districts be divided.

3. That the expense allowance for District Deputy
Grand Master be increased.

4. That all subordinate lodges be required, at the end
of each year, to audit the books and records of the Sec-
retaries and Treasurers, and that the Masters be re-
quired to forward to the Grand Secretary with the an-
nual returns, a certified copy of the audit.

5. That all Secretaries and Treasurers of subordinate
lodges be bonded.

6. That the subordinate lodges be required to file
with the annual return a complete financial statement
of all its assets and liabilities.

7. That the Committee on Masonic Jurisprudence
consider the question of life membership and propose a
regulation dealing therewith.

8. That liberal appropriations be made to the Ma-
sonic and Eastern Star Home, Oxford Orphanage, and
for other Grand Lodge activities.

9. That the Grand Lodge officers not members of

Committees be permitted to sit in with the Committees
for observation and information.

48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

10. That the Grand Lodge consider the matter of

establishing a Masonic Museum. À "
11. Continuation of Lodge Service Commission.

CONDITION OF THE CRAFT

Brethren, we are always vitally interested in Masonic
history, or the condition of the lodges, which of course,
narrows down to the state of the craft.

The subjects hereinbefore discussed and reported on,
to some extent, portrays the eondition prevailing in the
State; however, I desire to bring to your attention a few
facts in addition thereto, which, to my mind, are very
important. .

We remember that in the so-called “good days" 1916-
1927, during which our subordinate lodges were over-
run with petitions for degrees, we did not stop to con-
sider the possibility that this would continue; however,
the tide has turned, and we have lost, and lost heavily. I
believe that we have reached rock bottom and are now
ready to start on the upgrade. We should realize that
our real strength lies in quality and not in quantity. As
reported by the Grand Secretary our net loss has been
reduced during the past year. A great number of our
brethren who were dropped for non-payment of dues
have been reinstated, and this program is being carried
on very enthusiastically by the subordinate lodges of
the State, which, to my mind, is a good indication of
brighter days in the near future.

The general condition of lodges in the jurisdiction
is greatly improved, and while it has not reached the
stage where we are at all satisfied, much progress has
been made. The membership in general has much better
understanding of the relationship of the Grand Lodge to
the subordinate lodges, and to my mind, Masonry is on
a much firmer foundation by reason thereof.

I am very happy to report that the financial status
of the subordinate lodges is much improved. Many of
our brethren have, in the days past, erected very expen-
sive temples, having in view that prosperity would con-
tinue and that there would be no depression. They have.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 49

exhibited wonderful courage and determination during
the days of the so-called “depression”, and have come
out victorious, even though it has taken a very heavy
toll. The other lodges have profited by experience of
those who have been embarrassed. The general impres-
sion is, therefore, that it is much better to occupy mod-
est quarters, to be out of debt and not embarrassed, than
to live in a marble temple. i

As I went up and down the State, I encouraged lodges
to be very conservative in their business methods.

As reported under the head of “Lecture Service”, I
regret that a great many of our lodges have not the clear
understanding of their duties and also are not following
the advice and orders of the Grand Lodge as to perfect-
ing their work.

I, therefore, join with my predecessor, Brother New-
comb, that the brethren and particularly the officers of
subordinate lodges should give more attention to the
study of the constitution, rules and regulations of this
Grand Lodge, and its decisions; that they should, by all
means, take advantage of the lecture service, and en-
deavor to profit thereby.

We realize, of course, that the future of our frater-
nity lies within the grip of the leaders thereof, and we
firmly rely upon the high Masonic ideals and that of
loyalty of our membership to intelligence, energy, vision,
and above all, self-sacrifice and leadership of the Grand
Lodge and all subordinate officers, and by adhering
thereto, we will, at the end, rebuild many broken struc-
tures, and place our fraternity on the high level which
it so justly deserves.

CONCLUSION

My BRETHREN: With the close of this session I shall
step down upon the level and take my place in the ranks
of my beloved brethren. The year has been all too short
for the things we planned to reach maturity of growth
and fruitage. Happy are we in the rich heritage of ma-
ture leadership which will carry on the rich traditicrs
of our craft. I pledge to them my unceasing best.

50 . PROCEEDINGS OF THE

I have given as near one hundred per cent of my time
and ability as possible. I recognize the fact that all men
are imperfect. Mistakes, therefore, have been made. Du-
ring the year I have not sought in any way to make a
show or create any display. I have to the very best of my
ability, endeavored to advance the cause of Masonry and
place it on the very highest standard possible.

And so the sacred torch I pass to other hands. May
the good we did together live forever. And when we pass
beneath the soaring arches that mark the boundaries be-
tween time and eternity and see Him face to face, my
soul shall plead your love and fellowship as claim upon
His mercy. I shall never cease to thank you nor to praise
Him for so rich a guerdon.

dä

Grand Master.

GRAND TREASURER’S REPORT

The Grand Treasurer made the following report which
was referred to the Finance Committee:
To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Masons in North Carolina:

DEAR BRETHREN: I beg to submit herewith my third Annual
Report:

Cash on hand at beginning of 19386___________________ $ 3,261.70
Received from Jno. H. Anderson, Grand Secretary------ 96,007.76
Interest on Dalances 230.37
Total Receipts from all sources... LLL $99,499.83
Warrants paid as shown in Grand Secretary's Report,

and audited by Grand Auditor... 88,585.75
Balance on hand at the close of 1936... $10,914.08

Respectfully submitted,

H. C. ALEXANDER,
Grand Treasurer.

GRAND LODGE oF NoRTH CAROLINA 51

GRAND SECRETARY'S REPORT

. The Grand Secretary made the following report which
was referred to the Finance Committee:

To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Masons of North Carolina:

BRETHREN: I herewith submit my ninth Annual Report as
Grand Secretary for the year ending December 31, 1936.

RECEIPTS FROM ALL SOURCES

Hor prior yiii sass ee ce e $16,572.12

For current year—

Charity- ees 2222s $ 5,180.00

Initiation: eg deeg 517.00

Claudy Books .--olncec22ec22-2xcm— 531.30

Ber Capita 25-2223 eck Ee 59,361.96

NGS) os Sree eee ot eee ee eal et cs 47.50

Drewry Bund. 2222222---— 02222-32826 1,866.25

Permanent Fund .<222s22-+ Dëse den 6,767.66

Miscellaneous ___--_---------------------- 56.00

Legacy Interest iesst ege 225 60.00

BI 207.00

Paid in Advance -aana 416.64

Ka 116.69

Educational Books ----------------------- 99.75

Bank Dividends _-__--_-------------_--_- 4,207.89 179,435.64
TOTAL ati r oe ae ee te ie $96,007.76 |

All of which has been paid over to the Grand Treasurer. In
addition to the above amount interest on deposits amounting to
$230.87 was received by the Grand Treasurer.

Vouchers were drawn against the Budget as shown by the fol-
lowing table:

Budget Paid

Oxford 2---————-d-—2—-L-20-.2228622 $45,000.00 $45,000.00
[nt6reSU -——— cT eee eS 2,175.00 2,175.00
Payment. 222.2225—222220t22522l02S.52522ok 3,500.00 3,500.00
Masonic and Eastern Star Home. 11,000.00 11,000.00
Cavity? 2226s RN 1,000.00 574.20
Salary Grand Secretary__----------------- 3,600.00 3,600.00
Salary Grand Treasurer 100.00 100.00
Salary Grand Tyler...................... 100.00 100.00
Foreign Correspondent ................... 300.00 300.00
Clerks. ose se Sei See OL Ea nee --- 1,800.00 1,500.00
Masonic Service Association--------------- 800.00 798.96
Grand Masters’ Conference---------------- 25.00 25.00
Grand Secretary Guild------------------— 10.00 10.00

Grand Master's Kxvpense 500.00 600.00

52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Budget Paid
$ 500.00 $ 500.00

S tary's Expense.-...-----------
Grand Secretary p £005.00 Peak

Grand Lecturer’s Expense_----------------

Auditing _.------------------------------ 700.00 340.00
Historian _-__._-_------------------------- 100.00 . 89.76
Bonds __-_-------------------------------- : 125.00 112.50
Printing Proceedings ..------------------ 1,650.00 805.10
Sesqui Centennial ..-.-..----------------- 250.00
Masonic Education .....----------- pitres 200.00 10.00
Lodge Service --------------------------- 500.00 209.32
Grand Masters’ Conference G. M._--------- 50.00 39.32
Grand Masters’ Conference G. S.---------- 50.00 26.95
Visiting Other Grand Lodges G. M........- 75.00 35.12
Visiting Other Grand Lodges G. S.-------- 75.00 75.00
Geo. Washington Memorial Association... 50.00 38.75
Masonic Service Association. 30.00
Rent j-2-2:dLerseznedelcesmessesT2-ccewee 1,050.00 1,050.00
Postage, eb -2cxcdlnioc-2e-2l--222ezemee . 600.00 535.05
Annual Expense Grand Officers..........- - 800.00 185.35
Annual Expense P. G. M._---------------- 200.00 193.90
Annual Expense D. D. G. M._-------------- 500.00 561.63
Annual Expense Custodians--------------- 150.00 98.56
Annual Expense Others__----------------- 50.00 23.40
Annual Expense Credentials Committee... 30.00 30.00
Annual Expense Reporting--------------- 50.00
Past Grand Master's Jewel 100.00 100.00
Past Grand Master's Apron--------------- 50.00 47.39
District Deputy Grand Masters’ Expense... 600.00 175.68
Contingent: e osu conse eee cece eg 1,000.00 475.93
Grand Master's Expense additional........ 775.00 770.88
Printing’ Worms: 2--l-5——— nme 150.00 138.00
$83,970.00 $79,935.75
BACK APPROPRIATIONS
Reb xc mure ate Me i hoe eae ee uere $ 1,050.00
Oxford. ase da tS uci Lm nr cem a me 5,000.00
Masonic & Eastern Star Home_______________________ 2,000.00
Claudy- Books eieiei ee 600.00
Total ane er Uia ce EEN $88,585.75

The folowing lodges have not made their returns and must
be cited to appear and show cause why their charters should not be
arrested (See Sec. 99 of the Code).

King Solomon, No. 313.
Black River, No. 652.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 53

CHARTERS ARRESTED

The charters of the following lodges were ordered arrested by
the Grand Master for the good of Masonry:

Sept. 15, 1936—0Oak Grove Lodge, No. 557.

Sept. 30, 1936—Ivy Lodge, No. 406.

CONSOLIDATED

On February 8, 1937, Skyuka Lodge, No. 605, of Tryon, and
Mill Springs Lodge, No. 636, of Mill Springs, were consolidated as
Jeff L. Nelson Lodge, No. 605, at Tryon.

ESTIMATE OF MEMBERSHIP

Total number of Masons January 1, 1936------------------ 27,448
Errors Jn returns.oc.-.-22cim:seesseseemeenvur hod EM 20
27,428
Raised during 1936_.--..--------------------+--- 573
Admitted during 1986_____-_--------------------- 342
Reinstated during 1986_-__----------------------- 406
1,321
28,749
Lost by Expelled_.-_--_-------------------------- 4
Suspended. s22.-22 eco cee ee ee oo sees 860
Withdrawn Zilssccicnzcec-ccewescaseacdsclscsnca 333
RT NEE 464 1,661
Total number Masons January 1, 1987-------------------- 27,088
Net Loss Since Last Report---------------------------- 360
CHARTERED LODGES
Number Lodges January 1, 1986_----_------------------- 350
Charters Arrested ___._-.------------------------- 2
Lost by Consolidation___-_----------------------- 1 3
Number Lodges January 1, 19387------------------------- 347

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF OTHER GRAND LODGES NEAR THE
GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA f
Commissions have been received and delivered to the following
Grand Representatives:

Grand Lodge La Oriental Peninsular—P. E. G. Renninger,
Winston-Salem.

54 PROCEEDINGS OF THE :-

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEAR OTHER GRAND LODGES

By order of the Grand Master commissions have been issued
to the following brethren as our Grand Representatives:

Louisiana.....-------. C. Marion Hutton__----------- Minden, La.
Nevada__------------ George Hussman---------------

Brazil-Parahyba_----- Joao da Cuna Lima. Parahyba
Western Australia.... David R. Cars CENT. Perth
Yucatanz--—-------. Paul Sabrino Campus Merida

DUPLICATE CHARTERS

By order of the Grand Master duplieate charters were issued
to the following lodges, the originals having been destroyed:

August 1, 1986—Bethel Lodge, No. 589.

March 5, 1987—Phalanx Lodge, No. 31.

March 5, 1937— Excelsior Lodge, No. 261.

March 5, 1987—Joppa Lodge, No. 530.

NECROLOGY

Since our last Annual Communication we have been called on
to mourn the loss of a number of distinguished brethren of other
Grand Jurisdictions.

Arizona—Geo. A. Bridge, P. G. M., born Jan. 25, 1873; died
Nov. 18, 1936. Edwin S. Miller, P. G. M., born Jan. 1, 1858; died
April 29, 1936.

California—Thos. Flint, P. G. M., born May 29, 1858; died
Nov. 18, 1936.

Colorado—W m. S. Pickerill, P. G. M., born Dec. 24, 1868; died
June 15, 1936.

Delaware—A. Victor Hughes, P. G. M., born April 24, 1867;
died July 22, 1936. Edward G. Walls, P. G. M., born Oct. 8, 1861;
died April 22, 1936. Edward B. Mode, P. G. M., born Sept. 26, 1854;
died April 26, 1936. l

Illinois—John W. Maxwell, Grand Steward, born March 25,
1858; died Feb. 15, 1937.

Indiana—Frank E. Gavin, P. G. M., born Feb. 20, 1854; died
Nov. 1, 1936. Harry Yeo, P. G. M., born Sept 21, 1880; died July
4, 1936. Robt. W. Phillips, P. G. M., born April 23, 1876; died April
A Ka John L. Dinwiddie, P. G. M., born Nov. 4, 1854; died May

f Kansas—Marion K. Brundage, P. G. M., born March 1, 1859;
died July 18, 1936. i

` Kentucky—Dr. John W. Juett, P. G. M., born May 22, 1866;
died Jan. 31, 1937.

Louisiana—J. Paul Haller, P. G. M., born Feb. 21, 1873; died
Jan. 27, 1937. Philip G. Ricks, P. G. M., born Nov. 2, 1868; died

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 55

Aug. 5, 1936. Samuel G. Gainsburgh, Grand Treasurer, born July
4, 1860; died July 20, 1936.

Maine—Albert M. Ames, Past Grand Junior Warden, born
Sept. 18, 1866; died March 15, 1937. Gustavus H. Cargill, Past
Grand Junior Warden: born April 4, 1849; died Feb. 12, 1937. Sam-
uel B. Furbish, Deputy Grand Master, born Aug. 1, 1874; died
Oct. 24, 1936. Wm. S. Davidson, Past Senior Grand Warden, born
Aug. 22, 1870; died Aug. 20, 1936. Augustus E. Campbell, Past
Senior Grand Warden, born Sept. 22, 1873; died May 19, 1936.

Manitoba—Chas. N. Bell, P. G. M., died Aug. 29, 1936. Robert
S. Thornton, P. G. M., died Sept. 17, 1936.

Michigan—Lou B. Windsor, P. G. M. Grand Secretary, born
Jan. 24, 1858; died Nov. 8, 1936.

Minnesota—W m. A. Elliott, Grand Master, born Sept. 1, 1864;
died May 6, 1936. Eugene G. McKeown, P. G. M., born Oct. 10,
1881; died Oct. 20, 1936. Eugene E. Swan, P. G. M., born Sept. 3,
1861; died Oct. 17, 1936. John Fishel, Grand Secretary, born July
18, 1858; died Oct. 25, 1936.

Mississippi—Henry C. Yawn, P. G. M., born July 5, 1859; died
Aug. 8, 1936. William H. Carter, P. G. M., born Aug. 5, 1868; died
July 27, 1936.

Missouri—Joseph S. McIntyre, P. G. M., born April 4, 1871;
died June 17, 1936.

Montana—James H. Monteath, P. G. M., born Oct. 25, 1853;
died Oct. 18, 1936. Edward C. Day, P. G. M. born March 20, 1862;
died June 7, 1936, Ernest M. Hutchinson, P. G. M., born April 8,
1873; died Dec. 9, 1936. Chas. S. Bell, P. G. M., born Dec. 3, 1875;
died Jan. 14, 1986. George W. Craven, P. G. M., born April 1, 1871;
died July 30, 1936.

Nebraska—John Wright, P. G. M., born Aug. 20, 1875; died
Oet. 29, 1936. Orville A. Andrews, P. G. M., born Nov. 17, 1870;
died Oct. 16, 1936.

Nevada—V. M. Henderson, P. G. M., Grand Secretary, born
June 27, 1887; died July 11, 1936.

New Hampshire—Harry M. Cheney, P. G. M., Gr. Secretary,
March 8, 1860; died Jan. 1, 1937.

New York—Robert E. Owens, P. G. M., born Aug. 11, 1872;
died July 13, 1936. :

Ohio—Frank M. Ransbottom, P. G. M., born June 19, 1873;
died Feb. 28, 1937.

Oklahoma—Joseph Dnouot, P. G. M., born Sept. 30, 1870; died
Nov. 16, 1936.

South Australia—Chas. R. J. Glover, Grand Secretary, born
May 3, 1870; died Oct. 27, 1936.

South Dakota—Walter B. Burr, P. G. M., born May 15, 1850;
died April 16, 1936.

56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Virginia—William L. Andrews, P. G. M., born Feb. 19, 1865;
died July 16, 1936. 5

Washington—John E. Fowler, P. G. M., born May 20, 1879;
died Nov. 15, 1936.

West Virginia—Eugene C. Frame, P. G. M., born Sept. 2, 1872;
died Dec. 25, 1936.

Wyoming—Marion P. Wheeler, P. G. M., born May 19, 1862;
died Aug. 18, 1936.

TRIP ABROAD

It was my pleasure to represent the Grand Lodge of North
Carolina at two Masonic gatherings abroad last year.

In company with Brother John H. Cowles, Grand Commander
of the Southern Jurisdiction of the A. & A. S. R., Past Grand
Master Wm. Moseley Brown of Virginia and Past Grand Master Ray
V. Denslow of Missouri, I left New York on the Queen Mary on
November 4 and after a very rough voyage arrived at Southhamp-
ton on November 10.

We left immediately for the Scandinavian Countries, arriving at
Copenhagen, Denmark, at midnight November 11. We spent two
days in Copenhagen and saw the 3rd degree conferred.

Immediately after breakfast on the 14th we left for Gote-
burg, Sweden, where we were delightfully entertained for the bal-
ance of the day.

From Goteburg we went to Oslo, Norway, where we spent two
days. Here again we were most cordially and delightfully en-
tertained. Here we saw the 1st degree. In Oslo we were entertained
at luncheon by a brother Mason who was born in Hell and whose
father was a Minister in Hell.

From Oslo we went to Stockholm, Sweden, where we were the
guests of the Grand Lodge of Sweden. Here we spent four days.
Luncheons, dinners, sight-seeing and degree work left no idle mo-
ments.

We had the pleasure of witnessing the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 8th
degrees conferred in English. The King of Sweden, who is Grand
Master, conferred the 8th degree. It cannot be described here,
but it was the most impressive Masonic work I have ever seen.
We have nothing like it in America but it is a combination of the
Order of the Temple and the 15th and 18th degrees of the Scot-
tish Rite.

As a climax of this evening we were entertained at dinner in
the Royal Palace by King Gustav V.

At all of the four cities visited in Scandinavia we enjoyed un-
bounded hospitality and were made to feel like old friends. I have
purposely omitted all names, as we enjoyed meeting so many of the
Brethren it is impossible to mention them all.

In Stockholm there were also representatives from Massa-

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 57

chusetts, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey and the A. & A. S.

R.

10

10:

11:

ow

10

10

11

an

of the Northern Jurisdiction.
Following is the official program for Stockholm:

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1936

:15 A. M.—The Reception Committee will call for the Delegates

at their Hotels and accompany them to the Free-
masons’ Hall.

30 A. M.—The Delegates will be received by the Grand Chan-
cellor, the Principal Grand Officers, and the Knights
Commanders of the Red Cross in the King Oscar
Apartment of the Freemasons’ Hall.

(Morning Dress) (Masonic Clothing)

45 A. M.—Visit to and inspection of the Masonic Orphanage
at Blackeberg, where luncheon will be served. (With
Ladies.)

:00 P. M.—Cars leave Blackeberg for Stockholm.
:15 P. M.—S:t Erik Lodge of S:t John (IIIrd degree).

(Evening Dress with Decorations.) (Masonic Clo-
thing.)

:15 P. M.—Den Nordiska Forsta Lodge of S:t John (ist de-

gree).

:00 P. M.—Dinner given by the Stockholm Lodges.

(Evening Dress with Decorations.) (Masonic Clo-
thing.)

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1936

:30 A. M.— The Reception Committee will call for the Delegates

at their Hotels and accompany them to the Free-
masons’ Hall.

:45 A. M.—Lecture by the Grand Chancellor, Rear Admiral
Arvid Lindman, K. C. R. C., on Swedish Freema-
sonry.

(Morning Dress.) (Masonic Clothing.)

:45 A. M.—Visit to the Masonic Foundation at Lidingo for aged

Freemasons and their families. (With Ladies.)

:00 P. M.—Luncheon at the restaurant Gyllene Freden. (With
Ladies.)

:30 P. M.—Nordiska Cirkeln Lodge of S:t Andrews (VIth de-
gree).
(Evening Dress with Decorations.) (Masonic Clo-
thing.)

:25 P. M.—Cars leave Masonic Hall.
:80 P. M.—Dinner given by the Grand Chancellor, Rear Admiral

Arvid Lindman, K. C. R. C.
(Evening Dress with Decorations.)

58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1936 .
11:00 A. M.— Cars leave the Hotels. Visit to the Town Hall. Vis-
it to the Royal Palace. (With Ladies.)

1:00 P. M.—Luncheons, given by members of the Reception Com-
mittee. (With Ladies.)

5:30 P. M.—Grand Lodge (VIIIth degree, K. T.). (Evening
Dress with Decorations.) (White waistcoat.) (Ma-
sonic Clothing.)

7:45 P. M.—Cars leave Masonic Hall.

8:00 P. M.— Dinner for the Delegates at the Royal Palace, by
gracious invitation of His Majesty The King. (Ev-
ening Dress with Decorations.) (White Waistcoat.)

SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1936

No arrangements have been made but those who would like to
see an old historical Castle with a large collection of portraits (two
hours motor drive)—or visit the National Museum or the Royal
Armory—in the morning, are requested to inform some member
of the Reception Committee not later than Friday 20th, 1:00 P. M.

7:00 P. M.—Dinner given by the Reception Committee at the
Freemasons’ Hall, King Oscar Apartment. (With
Ladies.) (Evening Dress without Decorations.)
(White waistcoat.)

From Stockholm we returned to London and were the guests of
Brother John H. Cowles (who is a member) at a meeting of An-
tiquity Lodge, No. 2.

On November 26 we attended a meeting of the Supreme Coun-
cil 38° of England and were guests at luncheon. It was our Thanks-
giving Day and we had turkey to eat.

From London we journeyed to Edinburgh where we were
guests of the Grand Lodge of Scotland for a week.

The following program was strictly adhered to and the hos-
pitality and cordiality was unbounded and delightful.
SATURDAY, 28TH NOVEMBER
Princes Street Station Hotel.
7:00 P. M.—Guests will be received by the Grand Master Mason.
7:45 P. M.—Reception Dinner. (With Ladies).
(Full Evening Dress.)
(No Masonic Regalia.)

SuNDAY, 29TH NOVEMBER
2:30 P. M.—Cars leave Hotel.

2:30 P. M.—St. Giles’ Cathedral. (Morning Dress.) (No Ma-
sonic Clothing.) `

oane

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 59

MONDAY, 30TH NOVEMBER
MORNING

Visits to places of interest.

:00

:00

:30

:00
245

:30

00
00

:80
:00

:30

:00

245
:00

MV >

"9

AFTERNOON—(Usher Hall)

. M.—Grand Lodge Installation.

Meeting. (Morning Dress.) (Masonic Clothing.)

. M.—Grand Lodge closed.

. M.—Cars leave Hotel for Castle.

. M.—Reception of Guests by the Grand Master Mason.

. M.—Banquet. (Full Evening or Highland Dress.) (De-

corations) (No Masonic Clothing.)

. M.—Cars leave Castle.
. M.—Reception—Music Hall.

TUESDAY, 1ST DECEMBER

. M.—Cars leave Hotel.

Visit the Castle, High Street, Palace of Holyrood-
house.

. M.—Lunch at City Chambers on the invitation of the

Lord Provost of the City of Edinburgh.

. M.—Cars leave.

Visit Dalmeny Church, Forth Bridge, Linlithgow
Palace.

. M.—Cars leave Hotel.
. M.—Empire Theatre (with Ladies).

WEDNESDAY, 2ND DECEMBER

. M.—Cars leave Hotel.

Melrose Abbey, Dryburgh Abbey.

M.—Lunch—Dryburgh.

M.—Arrive back at.

M.—Cars leave Hotel.

M.—The Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary’s Chapel), No. 1,
and Lodge Canongate Kilwinning, No. 2, will work a
First Degree in their respective Lodge Rooms.
(Evening Dress.) (Masonic Clothing.)

THURSDAY, 3RD DECEMBER

. M.—Cars leave Hotel.

Visit Stirling Castle, Dunfermline Abbey.

M.—Lunch—Dunfermline.
Return via Broomhall and Queensferry.

. M.—Arrive back.
. M.—District Grand Master's Conference—Freemasons’

Hall.

60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

FRIDAY, 4TH DECEMBER

Guests are free to make their own arrangements. Cars will
be available for their use. (Morning and afternoon).
7:00 P. M.—Cars will leave Hotel.
7:30 P. M.—Dinner and Concert—Freemasons’ Hall. (Ladies in-
vited). (Evening Dress). (No regalia).

The outstanding feature of the week was the installation of
the Duke of York (now King George VI) as Grand Master Mason
of Scotland. The enthusiasm was tremendous and the cheers last-
ed for several minutes until peremptorily stopped by the Grand
Director of Ceremonies.

Another unusual event was the Banquet served in Edinburgh
Castle. It was the first time in over 200 years that a banquet had
been served in the Castle.

There were delegates from all parts of the world and the per-
sonal contacts with such outstanding Masons were not only de-
lightful but were very interesting and beneficial.

GRAND AUDITOR’S REPORT
To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

I present herewith my fifth annual report as Auditor.

The financial records of the Grand Secretary, Grand Treas-
urer, the custodians of the Permanent Find, the Masonic Temple
Construction Company, the Masonic Foundation, Oxford Orphan-
age, and the Masonic and Eastern Star Home of North Carolina,
Incorporated, have been audited by me and complete financial
statements and reports rendered. In my opinion, these reports
show the condition of the various interests of Grand Lodge at
December 31, 1936, and the result of operations for the year ended
on that date. Complete reports are on file in the office of the
Grand Secretary.

Fraternally submitted,

K. W. PARHAM, Grand Auditor.

ORATION

The following oration was made by Judge Wilson
Warlick and thoroughly enjoyed by the brethren:

I am deeply sensible of the high honor which is mine
on tonight in being asked by the Grand Master to have
a part in the Annual Meeting of the Grand Lodge of our
State at this time,—and to be privileged to deliver the
Annual Oration. I am indebted to him for this pleasure,
and I hope that what I am about to say will be of some

GRAND LODGE oF NORTH CAROLINA 61

little value at least toward the making of this Communica-
tion an attainment in our Assembly.

Freemasonry is declared to be an “ancient and honor-
able institution; ancient no doubt it is, as having subsis-
ted from time immemorial; and honorable it must be
acknowledged to be, as by a natural tendency it conduces
to make those so who are obedient to its precepts—to so
high an eminence has its credit been advanced that in
every age Monarchs themselves have been promoters of
the art, have not thought it derogatory from their dignity
to exchange the sceptre for the trowel, have patronized
our mysteries and joined in our Assemblies”. Being foun-
ded on the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of
Man, it has been conducted without respect to clime, co-
lor, caste, or creed.

On tonight when we have opened the one hundred
and fiftieth Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge
of North Carolina, I can conceive of no more fitting sub-
ject about which one could talk than the Grand Lodge,
its establishment, the aims it sought to bring about, the
ideas of those who conceived it, and the resulting ends
they hoped to attain in its founding.

The evidence collected concerning the Institution of
Masonry during the last five hundred years, or more, may
now be examined and tested in the most severe manner
by literary and critical experts, who cannot fail to accept
the claims made as to its great antiquity and continuity,
as the lineal descendent of those craftsmen who raised the
buildings and cathedrals in ancient and medieval history.

Without recounting, as needless that would be, the
causes or reasons which brought into being the order, it
is sufficient to state that individual lodges began to spring
up wherever any semblance of civilization advanced and
as men progressed and migrated and established new
places of abode, Masonry came with them and took its
well-defined place in their sphere of life.

Each of the lodges set up and its governing factors
were based on the venerable “old charge” or manuscript
constitution dating back centuries and being rightly held

62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

by them as the title deed of their Masonic inheritance.
Masonry advanced as outposts were destroyed and as
civilization took over the frontiers and settled wastes
and wilds of the world.

One of the most graphic things of history is man’s
pioneering, his advancement into new and unexplored
realms, his beating back of the frontier outposts and the
ultimate settling and governing of the country claimed. I
thrill yet with a reading of the American pioneer, his
bravery, heroism and courage, establishment of a home,
clearing of the.forests, and his setting up of a stable form
of government,—and I often yet like to renew my child-
hood pleasure in a fresh study of that era. Masonry is like
unto that hardy pioneer, and its spread over the whole of
the world came about in much the same fashion; as men
migrated and sought out new homes or carried their busi-
nesses into new territory they took with them the ideas
of the country from whence they came; they recalled and
remembered the place left behind and thought of the
pleasures there,—when others came and settled in the new
country, and a sufficiency had arrived who were Brothers
in Masonry a lodge was founded as an independent unit
of Masonic principles. This continued over hundreds and
hundreds of years, all being held together under the ven-
erable “old charges” and manuscript constitutions as
learned and retained in the country where Masonry was
inculcated in them. Its spread through this means was
rapid and vigorous, and it so followed civilization's ad-
vance as to be set up almost simultaneous with frontier
government.

This created a loose, almost meaningless situation, for
there were no binding ties between the individual lodges,
and one which but for the almost divine strength of the
order would have untimely worked its destruction, and
such it continued to be and as such existed until the es-
tablishment of the “Grand Lodge", the parent of all, the
ruling head of the lodges under its jurisdiction and the
final nucleus around which Masonry of today in all the
world flourishes and increases and does such monumental
good. Such founding is primarily my theme tonight.

GRAND LODGE op NORTH CAROLINA 63

The Mother Grand Lodge of the world is that of Eng-
land, which was inaugurated in London on St. John Bap-
tist’s Day in the year 1717 by four or more old lodges,
three of which still flourish. There were other lodges also
in London and the country at the time, but whether they
were invited to the meeting is not now known. Probably
not, as existing records of the period preserve a sphinx-
like silence thereon. Likewise there were many scores of
lodges at work in Scotland, and undoubtedly in Ireland
the craft was widely patronized: The ceremonies in Great
Britain and Ireland being practically alike, the venerable
“old charges” dating back centuries, were their govern-
ing instrumentality.

It was a bold thing to do, thus to start a governing
body for the fraternity quite different in many respects
to all preceding organizations and to brand as irregular
all lodges which declined to accept such authority; but
the very originality and audacity of its promoters appears
to have led to its success. It was not long thereafter before
most of the lodges of the Pre-Grand-Lodge era joined and
accepted “constitution” by warrant of the Grand Mas-
ter.

It has always seemed to me that the establishment of `
the Government of the United States under our consti-
tutional set-up was basically founded on the precepts of
the establishment of the Grand Lodge as it was establish-
ed in England. Certainly those who framed the basic laws
‘of our country had a knowledge of the fundamentals of
the establishment of the Grand Lodge and the thirteen
original colonies, each being separate entities and owing
no responsibility to any form of government other than
that in the individual colony, presented quite a factor in
the undertaking of amalgamating them into a central
governmental set-up with jurisdiction over them all. The
Articles of Confederation which preceded the formation
of our constitutional government proved worthless and
undoubtedly some such loosely drafted scheme in course
of things had preceded the final establishment and setting
up of the Grand Lodge. So it became increasingly evident
that the formation of the two were very similar. Certain

64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

it is that many of those who finally took part in the draft- `
ing of our constitution were Masons and men of great’
worth to the order, that they used their knowledge of the
formation of the Grand Lodge as a foundation for the
establishment of our present stable form of government.

Ireland quickly followed the lead, so early as 1725,
there being a Grand Lodge for that country, —which must
have been formed even still earlier and probably by lodges
started before any were authorized in the English coun-
tries. In Scotland the change was not made until 1736;
many lodges even then holding aloof from such an organ-
ization. Indeed, out of some one hundred lodges known
to have been active at that period only thirty-three re-
sponded and agreed to fall in line,—though several joined
later. Many of the lodges have records of the 17th cen-
tury; one in particular, the oldest (The Lodge of Edin-
burgh, No. 1) possesses minutes so far back as the year
1599.

It is important to bear in mind that all regular lodges
throughout the world and likewise all Grand Lodges, di-
rectly or indirectly, have sprung from one or the other
of the three governing bodies named.

Ireland and Scotland followed the example set by
the Masonic Mother of England in having Grand Lodges
of their own.

It may be a startling declaration, but it is well au-
thenticated that there is no other Freemasonry as the.
term is now understood, than that which has been so de-
rived. In other words, the lodges and Grand Lodges in
both Hemispheres trace their origin and authority back
to England for working what are known as the Three De-
grees controlled by regular Grand Lodges; Masonry of
today tracing its inheritance from the Revival of 1717.

The premier Grand Lodge of England soon began to
constitute new lodges in the metropolis, and to reconsti-
tute old ones that applied for recognition; one of the
earliest of 1720-1721 being still on the Role as No. 6, thus
having kept company ever since with the three “Time
Immemorial Lodges” Nos. 2, 4 and 12.

GRAND LODGE op NORTH CAROLINA 65

Provincial Grand Lodges were formed to ease the
authorities at headquarters, and, as the societies spread,
also for the Continent, and gradually throughout the civil-
ized world.

Owing to the custom prevailing before the 18th cen-
. tury, a few brethren were competent to form lodges on
their own initiative anywhere, and hence the registers
of the British Grand Lodges are not always indicative
of the first appearance of the craft abroad.

In no part of the world, however, outside of Great
Britain has the craft flourished so much as in the United
States where the first "regular" lodge was opened in
1733 in Boston. Undoubtedly lodges had been meeting
still earlier, —one of which certainly was held at Phila-
delphia with records dating from 1731, which blossomed
into a Grand Lodge, but no authority has yet been traced
for its proceedings, save that which may be termed “Time
Immemorial Right," which was as I have previously said
enjoyed by all lodges and brethren who were at work pri-
or to the Grand Lodge era, 1716-1717. A “deputation” was
granted to Daniel Coxe, Esquire, of New Jersey, by the
Duke of Norfolk, Grand Master, June 5, 1730, as Pro-
vincial Grand Master of the “Provinces of New York,
New Jersey and Pennsylvania", but there is no evidence
that he ever constituted any lodges or exercised any Ma-
sonic authority in virtue thereof.

Henry Price was Provincial Grand Master of New
England and his lodge, which was opened on the 31st of
August, 1733, in the city of Boston, so far as is known
became the first "regular" Freemasonry in the United
States. It is a fact also that in 1734 Benjamin Franklin,
an initiate of the lodge of Philadelphia, printed and pub-
lished the “Book of Constitutions” of 1723 of London,
being the oldest Masonic work in America.

The English and Scottish Grand Lodges were soon
petitioned to grant warrants to hold lodges, and by the
end of the 18th century several Grand Lodges were form-
ed, the craft becoming very popular; prominent men
everywhere in the colonies becoming members, chief of
whom was George Washington, initiated in a Scottish

66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Lodge at Fredericksburg, Virginia, 1752-1753; there be-
ing now an excess of fifty Grand Lodges assembling in the
United States.

Just week before last the Grand Lodge of South Ca-
rolina met in Annual Communication in the city of
Charleston and celebrated the two hundredth Anniver-
sary of the founding of the Grand Lodge, being one
among the first constituted in America and assembled just
four years after the first “regular Lodge” at Boston.

Canada to the north of us followed the American ex-
ample, organizing its first Grand Lodge in Ontario and
spreading rapidly as has been the history of Masonry
from time immemorial, to Manitoba, Nova Scotia, and
Quebec.

Every civilized country as time has advanced has fol-
lowed in the wake of the Mother Lodge and today the
world as a whole in its free thinking men and women pays
its homage to the Craft of Masonry, its deeds and acts as
the noblest of the organizations of men, an order built on
the unalterable basis of a belief in the Great Architect
of the Universe, the Creator of Man.

BOARD OF GENERAL PURPOSES

The Board of General Purposes. made the following
report which was adopted:

To the Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

The Board of General Purposes is of the opinion that this
Grand Lodge has never had a Grand Master who has given more
lavishly of his time and energy than has Most Worshipful Bro-
ther Hudson or whose report has shown more solid results. We offer
to him our sincere congratulations and bespeak his continued ac-
tivity in Masonry.

Matters in his address involving finance are hereby referred
to the Finance Committee; matters affecting the Oxford Orphan-
age, to that Committee; matters affecting the Masonic and Eastern
Star Home, to that Committee; and all matters involving decisions
and Masonic law, to the Jurisprudence Committee.

There are some recommendations and other points presented
by the Grand Master upon which the Board feels that it should
express its opinion:

First: The Grand Master’s discovery of a close connection be-
tween lodge delinquency and the failure to provide lecture service

GRAND LODGE oF NorTH CAROLINA 67

is both interesting and enlightening. We reiterate the recommenda-
tion we offered a year ago, that Regulation 268 be strictly enforced;
and we suggest that the incoming Grand Master, as soon as pos-
sible, ascertain the facts concerning this matter from the District
Deputies and communicate with the offending lodges.

SECOND: We approve the Grand Master’s recommendation that
the 15th and 39th Districts be divided.

THIRD: We concur in the Grand Master’s suggestion that Grand
Lodge officers who are not members of committees be permitted to
visit the committees for the purpose of observation and study.

FouRTH: We applaud the Grand Master's recommendation with
respect to the establishment of a Masonic Museum, and we recom-
mend to the incoming Grand Master that he investigate the feasi-
bility and approximate cost of such a venture and report his find-
ings at the next Annual Communication.

FIFTH: We agree with the Grand Master in the opinion that
the Lodge Service Commission should be continued, and we trust
the Finance Committee will make proper provision for it.

SixrTH: The Grand Master has driven 35,676 miles and has
spoken in 185 lodges. One result of this amazing activity is the
statement that you have already heard from him, namely, that every
delinquent lodge has made a payment on the amount due the Grand
Lodge; and that of the 136 lodges delinquent as of September 1,
1936, all but 30 have paid in full. When to this statement is added
the further item that a large number of suspended brethren have
been brought back to good standing, and when we remember that
in all this work the emphasis has invariably been placed on men
and never on money, we are moved to say to you, Most Worshipful
Sir, that your work, measured and tested by all the implements
of Masonry, is sound and true and that you have richly earned
a Master’s wages.
Fraternally submitted,

H. M. Potgat, Chairman.
FRANCIS D. WINSTON,
J. LEGRAND EVERETT,

R. C. DUNN,

C. B. NEWCOMB.

RESOLUTIONS

The following resolutions were presented:

Resolution of Corinthian Lodge, No. 230—referred to
Finance Committee. The Finance Committee referred it to
the Lodge Service Commission to report at 1938 session.

WHEREAS, during the Summer of 1932, it was discovered
by certified public accountants employed for that purpose, that

. there was a shortage in the accounts of the then Secretary of Co-
rinthian Lodge, No. 230, Rocky Mount, N. C., amounting to ap-

68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

proximately $4,000.00, which shortage, after communication with
the membership of the Lodge as to the status of their accounts for
dues, increased to more than $5,000.00; and,

WHEREAS, said Lodge was in arrears in its Grand Lodge
dues for the years 1931 and 1932 in the sum of $1,607.00, and that
its membership has decreased from 236 in 1932 to 144 in 1936; and,

WHEREAS, because said Lodge was in arrears to the Grand
Lodge, the Grand Secretary could not give it the advantage of the
ten per cent discount when the current dues were sent in at such
a time as to entitle it to such discount; and,

WHEREAS, said Lodge has now paid in full to the Grand
Lodge all dues and fees to date, but it is called upon to pay the
sum of $32.76 interest on delinquent dues; and,

WHEREAS, said Lodge feels that, because of the excellent

record set out above, this additional charge of $32.76 ought not to
be required to be paid, and has instructed its representatives to
the Grand Lodge to ask that this item of interest be remitted and
cancelled:
. NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that this Grand
Lodge of North Carolina, A. F. & A. M., do not require the said
Corinthian Lodge to pay the said interest item of $32.76, and that
the Grand Secretary be instructed to cancel this item on his re-
cords against said Lodge.

Resolution of Finance Committee adopted.

Resolved: That the Finance Committee is hereby directed to
prepare and submit its report, accompanied by a budget of esti-
mated receipts and disbursements, not later than 8:00 P. M., Wed-
nesday, April 21, 1936, the same to be taken up as first order of
business after election of Grand Officers.

Resolved: Further, that all reports of Institutions, Officers and
Committees, and all motions or resolutions carrying appropriations
or expenditures of money shall be presented to, and acted upon, by
the Grand Lodge, on or before 12:00 Noon, Wednesday.

Resolved: Further, that all such reports, motions or resolu-
tions coming in after the last named hour shall be carried over to
the Grand Lodge of 1938.

Adopted.

Resolution of Concord Lodge, No. 58— referred to
Sesqui-Centennial Committee which Committee referred
it to the Grand Master with power to act.

Whereas, the Grand Lodge of North Carolina, A. F. & A. M.,
was organized at Tarboro 150 years ago,

And, Whereas, it seems fitting for the Grand Lodge to have a
Special Communication at Tarboro sometime within the year.

Therefore, Be it Resolved, that Concord Lodge No. 58, A. F. &

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 69

A. M. invite the Grand Lodge of North Carolina to hold at Tar-
boro a Special Communication with appropriate exercises commem-
orative of the 150th anniversary.

And, Be it Further Resolved, that a copy of this resolution be
sent to our Grand Secretary, Brother John H. Anderson, to be pre-
sented to the Grand Lodge at its coming session.

Adopted by Concord Lodge, No. 58, A. F. & A. M., on April
18, 1937.
J. H. BRowN, W. M.,

J. P. KEECH, Sec.

The following resolution was read and adopted:

RESOLUTION

WHEREAS, The Congress of the United States has establish-
ed a Commission known as the “United States Constitution Sesqui-
centennial Commission" to arrange a fitting nation-wide observance
of the 150th anniversary of the formation of the Constitution of
the United States, and

WHEREAS, The United States Constitution Sesquicentennial
Commission is authorized to prepare plans and programs for the
adequate celebration of the sesquicentennial anniversary; to give
due and proper consideration to any plans which may be submit-
ted to it; and to take such steps as may be necessary in the coor-
dination and correlation of plans prepared by the various State
Commissions, or by bodies created under appointment by the Gov-
ernors of the respective States, and by representative civic bodies,
and

WHEREAS, The United States Constitution Sesquicentennial
Commission, desiring the full cooperation of the people of the Uni-
ted States, has extended a most cordial and urgent invitation to
our organization to participate in the celebration, therefore be it

RESOLVED, That the Grand Lodge of North Carolina does
hereby endorse the program of observance of the 150th anniversary
of the formation of the Constitution of the United States to be ob-
served beginning 1937; accept with appreciation the invitation of
the United States Constitution Sesquicentennial Commission; ap-
point a special committee; pledge this organization to extend co-
operation to the -United States Commission in all possible ways so
‘that our members may acquire a knowledge of the history of the
Constitution of the United States; and unite our efforts with those
of othe? organizations for the enlightenment of the whole nation.

AND BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That this resolution be
incorporated in the official proceeding of this meeting, and that a
copy thereof be transmitted to the United States Constitution
Sesquicentennial Commission, Washington, D. C.

A resolution in regard to Life Membership was read

70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

and referred to the Jurisprudence Committee. See report
of Jurisprudence Committee.

Several letters from lodges asking for refuhds was
read and referred to the Finance Committee. (See that
report).

A communication from Statesville Lodge, No. 487,
asking to be allowed to change its number to 27 was
read and referred to the Committee on Charters and Dis-
pensations. (Adopted).

The minutes were read and approved and the Grand
Lodge called from labor to refreshment until 9:30 Wed-
nesday morning. i

SECOND DAY—MORNING SESSION
Wednesday, April 21, 1937.

The Grand Lodge was called from refreshment to
labor at 9:30 o'clock a. m. in the Masonic Temple by M..’.
W.'.J. Giles Hudson, Grand Master.

Prayer was offered by the Grand Chaplain.

The Grand Master of Virginia, M.'.W.'.Vernon C.
Eddy, was introduced and addressed the Grand Lodge
briefly and interestingly.

The Junior Grand Warden of the District of Columbia,
BW NC Turnage, was introduced and made a pleas-
ing address.

We had an unexpected pleasure in the presence of
Rev. R. V. Hope, Past Grand Master of Tennessee, who
made a brief address.

The following reports were presented:

The Committee on Necrology made the following re-
port which was adopted:

REPORT ON NECROLOGY

To the Most Worshipful Grand Master and Members of the Grand
Lodge of North Carolina:

“The Moving Finger writes, and, having writ, moves on ****”,

But the influence for good never dies; it is everlasting. Homer,
the great Greek poet, is dead, we say. It is true that his body has
long since been interred, but, his influence still lives. He inspired
Tennyson centuries later to write his illustrious Ulysses, and we
feel as if he were a personal friend. Beethoven is dead, but his
Moonlight Sonata lives in our hearts.

Therefore it is fitting that we should pause to pay tribute to
our worthy craftsmen, both within and without our own jurisdic-
tion, who, since we last met, have been "translated from this im-
perfect to that all-perfect, glorious, and celestial Lodge above,
where the Supreme Architect of the Universe presides". We sor-
row because they are gone, but they have not departed from us.
“Life is a pure flame, and we have an invisible sun within us". Just

(71)

72 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

as the glow: remains to light up the world long after the sun has
disappeared, so the light shining from the souls of true Masonic
brethren serves as a beacon to us who are left behind to take up
and hold high. the torch which they have given us.

A short time prior to the death of our dearly beloved Past
Grand Master Leon Cash, he communicated a request to the Grand
Master that I be designated to prepare this report. His request fills
me with deep humility and causes me to feel his passing even more
of a personal loss, which makes this a difficult and painful task
to perform, though I feel deeply the privilege and the honor. Bro-
ther Cash will ever be remembered as one of our most esteemed
and loyal Masons. No higher tribute can. be paid him than to say
that he exemplified in the highest degree the teachings and prin-
ciples of our great fraternity and was the embodiment of all it
represents. Masonry hath need of such as he, for “Large was his
bounty and his soul sincere." As Wordsworth spoke of Milton so
can we of Brother Cash.

“Thy soul was like a Star, and dwelt apart;
Thou hadst a voice whose sound was like the sea;
So didst thou travel on life’s common way,

In cheerful godliness; and yet thy heart
The lowliest duties on herself did lay’’.

It is eminently fitting that our Grand Chaplain, Brother W.
A. Newell, who was for many years an intimate and devoted friend
of Brother Cash, should have been designated to write his mem-
orial.

No less mourned is our Assistant Grand.Lecturer, Brother Jeff
L. Nelson. In his death I not only lost a most admirable and de-
voted Masonic brother, but a warm personal friend. He was a
thoroughly capable and efficient lecturer, and his happiest hours
were those spent in giving Masonic instruction to others. It is
to him that I am indebted for that knowledge which I have of the
. Masonic Ritual.

With a slight change in phraseology this quotation On the
Death of Burns is truly applicable:

“I mourned with thousands, but as one
More deeply grieved, for He was gone,
Whose light was hailed when first it shone,
And showed to ‘many’

How ‘Masonry’ may build a princely throne
on humble truth”.

It is indeed appropriate that his good friend and co-worker in
the Lecture Service, Assistant Grand Lecturer J. W. Patton, should
have been selected to present an extended memoir of him.

Though we speak sorrowfully of the many who have died dur-

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 73.

ing the past year, we feel their presence still. Just as the small child.
counted her little brother and sister who were dead among those
who were living: it

* ‘How many are you, then: said I
If they too are in heaven?’
Quick was the little maid’s reply,
‘O Master! We are seven.’

‘But they are dead, those two are dead
Their spirits are in heaven!

'Twas throwing words away; for still
The little maid would have her will,
And said, ‘Nay, we are seven!’ ”

So like “the little maid", we count among us our honored mem-
bers even though they are no longer with us in mortal form.

Then let us not weep, because our heavenly Father has only
given his beloved sleep; but let us so live that when our time shall
have come we will be received by our comrades who have gone be-
fore, with that most of all desired praise, “Well done, thou good
and faithful servant".

“Oh living will that shalt endure

When oll that seems shall suffer shock,

Rise in the spiritual rock

Flow through owr deeds and make them pure,

That we may lift from out of dust

A voice as unto him that hears

A cry above the conquered years

To one that with us works, and trust,

With faith that comes of self-control,
The truths that never can be proved
Until we close with all we loved,
And all we flow from, soul in soul."
J. E. SHIPMAN,
For the Committee.

The following memorial to Past Grand Master and
Grand Lecturer Leon Cash was read by the Grand Chap-
lain and adopted.

LEON CASH
1867-1937

What a flood of memories this beloved name evokes! “The
Grand Old Man of Masonry” is his worthy title conferred by com-
mon acclaim. All the people of North Carolina join with his Ma-
sonic brethren in doing him highest honor.

The writer of this simple tribute knew Brother Cash in the
manifold activities of his rich and successful life. As a young

74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

man he won the love and esteem of his neighboring people. His
first service to the state was teaching in the public school which
he had attended as a boy. He married the daughter of his pastor.
He was advanced to the principalship of the High School from
which he graduated. From there he was called to leadership in the
schools of Winston-Salem. He found honored place in the business
circles of that city.

He was highly honored by his church. In Methodist ranks he
stood as a tower of righteousness. His denomination showered him
with honors. His advice was sought in every conference of his
church. He was a living example of what our Holy Christian Re-
ligion can do for a man who is fully committed to its teachings.

His relation to the business world was most unique. Residing
in a city where vast fortunes were amassed through the burgeon-
ing industrial life of this great Piedmont section he chose to serve
rather than to gather. His advice was sought by men who held
this world’s goods in richest store and those who knew the bit-
terness of direst poverty. He was the ardent friend of the young
and hundreds who now enjoy affluence were first set in right paths
by his counsel. He was an institution in our first industrial city.
Those he taught while serving in the schools attained unto high
place in the state. In business, in statecraft, and in the professions
his students occupied exalted positions. He followed them as a
shepherd follows his sheep. And how these students loved him
through all succeeding years!

He was a Mason. In him were blended all those qualities which
mark the perfect man. Not a blotch, not a stain, not a blemish.
For three score years and ten he walked erect among us exemplify-
ing every principle of Masonry. With sincere and unremitting ardor
he served our order. And Masonry honored Leon Cash. No honors
within our gift were denied him. In lavish measure we bestowed
upon him our love and high regard. Change of residence made him
a member of three subordinate lodges. He was Master of them all.
The Grand Lodge of North Carolina never had a more popular
Grand Master than Leon Cash. As Past Grand Master of this Grand
Lodge he continued to serve his brethren. He was our Grand Custo-
dian for twenty-five years prior to his elevation to the office of
Grand Master and at the conclusion of his term as Grand Master
he was re-elected Grand Custodian and continued in this high

office until his going on to higher honors in the temple not made
with hands. :

He came of an honored people. He leaves an honored family
to revere his memory. He came of a great racial stock and his every
action marked the *White Man" who was white through and
through. He received honors unsought and handed them on with
added luster.

This slight tribute wells up from a personal love that has
blessed the years of service which he enriched with his fellowship.
We need not look for high places in the annals of his life. There

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 15

were no low places in the way he went. He moved along the sky line
of all that is best in our common humanity. The entire state stands
at salute as we walk softly through these halls in company with
the mighty dead. They live forever. In that Supreme Lodge which
shall never adjourn Leon Cash sits at ease among his high-born
brethren. His place among us is secure forever. His position over
on the other side of the sky is by appointment of the Supreme
Architect of the Universe.

In years to come traditions will gather about his name and he
will move through the cycles of history as an ever growing legen-
dary figure of things as they ought to be. What the world calls
greatness fades into the dimness of oblivion. Like Aaron’s rod true
goodness blossoms beyond the ken of remembered things. It is this
simple goodness, this true greatness, that we celebrate this day.

*He went down
As when a lordly cedar, green with boughs,
Goes down with a great shout upon the hills,
And leaves a lonesome place against the sky.”

Assistant Grand Lecturer J. W. Patton read the fol-
lowing memorial to Assistant Grand Lecturer Jeff L.
Nelson, which was adopted.

IN MEMORIAM

“Our dead are here,
With wistful looks as though they fain our
intercourse would share.”

‘Tis but a moment, relatively speaking, since last we met in
annual communication, to enjoy the delightful association of those
whom we loved,—to study, plan and work together for the develop-
ment of the noblest and sublimest ideals of life, always striving to
make life nobler, happier and sweeter—meeting life’s responsibili-
ties and duties with a mutual and reciprocal attitude, thereby
striving to make by co-operation in all that is good, veritable suc-
cess in all things intellectual, moral and spiritual.

Life is so short and fleeting, therefore what we do must be
done quickly.

Two of our own Board ... men, good and true, whom we have
so often greeted at these annual convocations, have silently slipped
away from us over the Unknown Sea to the Unknown Shore.

We do ourselves proud when we take of our busy, limited time—
time filled with plans and planning ways and means for better
things, remembering the splendid examples of our departed, to com-
memorate their deeds of love and loyalty and to extol the good
names of those who, doubtless looked forward, with fond antici-
pation of enjoying the blessed fellowship of this occasion, and to
plan with us, in the work—in the incomparable work of building

76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

the temple of character, in the hearts and lives of men, a veritable
Shrine in which to worship God.

Jefferson Lee Nelson, or “JEFF”, as he was generally and
affectionately known, is one of our departed. ,

He was born at Marshall, Madison County, Western North
Carolina, April 30th., 1868.

His early schooling was under a governess in the home, later
attending Mars Hill College in North Carolina, and Tusculum
College in Tennessee. He also took a business course at Eastman’s
Business College, Poughkeepsie, New York.

He moved from Marshall to Morganton in 1919. He was a
member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.

When Brother Nelson made application to become a Masonic
Lecturer, he was a member of French Broad Lodge, No. 292, of
Marshall, N. C. He was recommended for examination to the Board
of Custodians by Brother R. F. Edwards, Grand Lecturer, in Jan-
uary 1916. Having shown himself proficient, he was recommended
for that position by said Board, consisting of Brethren J. E. Cam-
eron, S. N. Boyce and Leon Cash, and was duly appointed and com-
missioned by the Grand Master, A. B. Andrews, January 20, 1916.

From that date, for two decades, he was a faithful, fearless,
exponent and expositor of the laws, rules, regulations and edicts;
and a teacher of the esoteric and exoteric work of Blue Lodge Ma-
sonry in this Grand Jurisdiction until his death at Morganton, N.
C., June 30, 1936.

‘Tis true that thoughtful men realize the fact that the present
is debtor to the past.

“Other men labored and ye are entered into their labors”. Con-
templating this truth I ask you to think with me of the life and
labor of love, of a man and a Mason, who lived among us and was
one of us, who held a high position of trust and responsibility in
this Grand Body.

He was an acknowledged, authorized and authentic teacher of
Blue Lodge Masonry +. one, who had a great influence and power
over those who were in the radius of his influence, fellowship and
instruction.

He lives and will continue to live in the hearts and lives of

ER who knew him and in the character of those whom they may
each.

He was both subjective and objective in personality. He knew

how to live a life .. . and he knew how to get into and to live in the
lives of others. x

f But, alas! his face in-the flesh again, we'll never see; however,
he is here today, living in your heart and in mine.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA TT

Jeff—, we are here. Thou art not far away ... how thin the
veil between thee and us. Speak thou to our souls while we rever-
ently, in silence and love, listen—

“What will they say when my work is done,
And life fades out with the setting sun?
That he builded a business of goodly size,
And emblazoned his name on financial skies?
That his standing was shown in Bradstreet and in Dunn,
And Big Business paused when his course was run?
That his name was sufficient on bond or note,
And the banks all honored the checks he wrote?
That his record was clean, and he never swerved
From his steadfast course to success deserved?
All very well, in a worldly way
And yet not the things I hope they'll say.

“When Life goes out with the dying day,
These are the things that I hope they'll say;
That he greeted the morn with a snatch of song,
And whistled and smiled when things went wrong
That he treasured the friendship of child and brute
Far more than he cherished the world’s repute;
That if even he wavered and walked astray,
He groped his way back in a penitent way;
That a heartening hail and a cheering smile
Will be missed from the paths he trod awhile.
This be the tone of the world’s refrain
Else I shall feel I have lived in vain.”

J. W. PATTON.

The report of the Directors of the Oxford Orphanage
was read and returned to the Oxford Orphanage Commit-
tee and Finance Committee.

REPORT BOARD OF DIRECTORS
OF THE OXFORD ORPHANAGE

To the Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

The Board of Directors of the Oxford Orphanage sub-
mits herewith a brief report concerning the Oxford Or-
phanage. The report of the Superintendent follows in
detail and your Board of Directors requests a Kë
reading of his report.

78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

We have held the regular quarterly meetings of the
Board as required during the year and the Executive
Committee has held its meetings each month. At each of
these meetings we have received reports from the Sup-
erintendent of the general condition of the Orphanage and
have been pleased to discharge the duty belonging to us
as your Board of Directors.

A total of 402 children have received the service of the
Orphanage during the year that has passed. The num-
ber of Masonic children in the Orphanage at present is
173, which is approximately 45 per cent of the total.

The Grand Lodge paid its entire appropriation of
$45,000.00 to the Orphanage during the year and also paid
the sum of $5,000.00 on the unpaid balance of a few years
ago. The Grand Lodge also paid the annual installment
and interest on the building fund. We are glad to re-
port that the principal sum has been reduced by $5,000
during the year.

We again express our appreciation to all the bene-
factors of the Orphanage and especially to the trustees
of the Duke Endowment for their generous aid. The
Thanksgiving and Christmas collections were the largest
in years and we urge upon the Lodges that they contin-
ue to emphasize this special offering.

We call attention to the outline of Orphanage needs
as provided by the Superintendent and urge upon our
brethren the solicitation of special bequests that these
requirements may be secured as early as possible.

We urge the brethren to read and increase the cir-
culation of The Orphans’ Friend and Masonic Journal.
The value of this periodical cannot be estimated.

The Oxford Orphanage still continues to interpret
the spirit of Masonry in our State and with the aid of all
contributing agencies, including the State of North Car-
olina, we have been able to render distinct service to the
dependent children of our State. We look upon the Ox-
ford Orphanage as an investment and again most heartily

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 79

recommend it for the most careful consideration of the
Grand Lodge of North Carolina.

Respectfully submitted,

J. GILES HUDSON, Grand Master,
Ex-officio, Chairman,

WATSON N. SHERROD, Dep. Gr. Master,

HARRY PATERSON, Sr. Gr. W.,

J. EDWARD ALLEN, Jr. Gr. W.,

A. B. ANDREWS,

R. C. DUNN,

R. L. FLOWERS,

J. W. WINBORNE,

R. E. SIMPSON,

LUTHER T. HARTSELL, JR.,

THOMAS J. HARKINS,

BENJAMIN CONE.

ENROLLMENT AND DAYS OF CARE
Year Ended December 31, 1936

ENROLLMENT |
Total Enrollment January 1, 1936 367
Admitted During Year 35
Total Cared For 402 |
Dismissed During Year 36 |
Enrollment December 31, 1936 | 366
DAYS OF CARE > |
Total Possible for Census January 1, 1936 134,322
Total Possible for Children Admitted 5,980
140,302
Total Days Included Above Not Used by
Children Dismissed During Year 6,273

TOTAL DAYS OF CARE FOR 1936 134,029

AVERAGE DAILY ENROLLMENT

| 366.2

80 PER CAPITA
For Yea
INCOME Amount Per Car
l
FROM: Duke Endowment 6,799.69 | 1i
State of North Carolina 26,000.02 | T:
John Neal Trust 44,344.60 | 12:
Other Endowment Funds 200.00
Grand Lodge of North Carolina 45,000.00 12
Donations from Masonic Sources 8,604.88 2
j Donations from General Public 1,908.93 |
Donations from Religious Organizations 84.57 | .
Donated Commodities 395.14 |
Singing Class Net Income 8,970.12 | 2
Other Small Items 518.93

E

TOTAL INCOME

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

| $142,826.88 | $ 39

|

T —M—MM— eee lulllľŘmmmlmmmmamamŘħŘħŘħõ

(PENSE 2-5 15 81
r 31, 1936

EXPENSE Amount Per Capita

DMINISTRATIVE AND GENERAL EXPENSE $16,275. o |
Less Property Expense—Insurance 2,441.27 SEN $ 13,834.33 | $ 37.78
ARE OF CHILDREN
Household: |

Food | 39,257.72 | 107.20

Clothing and Toilet Accessories | 10,146.38 27.71

General | 26,090.27 71.25
Health 6,367.75 17.39
Education 13,983.35 38.18
Plant Operation and Maintenance : 10,862.43 29.66
Property Expense—See Below $19,951.00 |

OTAL EXPENSE OF ADMINISTRATION

|
Extra Institutional Service | 2,595.69 | 7.09
AND CARE OF CHILDREN |

$123,137.92 | $ 336.26
‘operty Expense: Replacement and Repairs

Including Salaries 19,951.00 54.48
Insurance | 2,441.27 6.67
|
OTAL EXPENSE $145,530.19 | $ — 397.41
PERATING EXPENSE IN EXCESS OF
OPERATING INCOME 2,103.31 7.38

a a ce pS MÀ

l

OTAL OPERATING EXPENSE LESS

DEFICIENCY IN INCOME | $142,826.88 | $ 390.03

82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

[Copies of the sixty-fourth annual report of the Oxford Or-
phanage Superintendent may be secured from the office of the
Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge or Superintendent of the
Oxford Orphanage. ]

The report of the Directors of the Masonic and East-
ern Star Home was read and referred to the Committee
on Masonic and Eastern Star Home and Finance Commit-
tees.

To the Grand Lodge, A. F. & A. M.:

We, your Board of Directors of the Masonic and Eastern Star
Home of N. C., Inc., herewith submit this our 23rd annual report
of the operation of the Home for the year ending December 31, 1936.

All applications received have been investigated and acted up-
on promptly. We keep the Home filled to capacity, but have been
able to either take the Guests into the Home or place them on Home
Aid as fast as applications are approved. To date two hundred and
fifty-five have received the benefits of the Home. Conditions in the
Home are very good and the morale of the Guests is splendid.

The Superintendent conducts religious services in the Home
each morning before breakfast, and a regular preaching service is
held each Sunday afternoon, being conducted by visiting Masons,
Eastern Stars and ministers of Greensboro.

We have had eight deaths and seven admissions during the
year. We now have sixty-three in the Home and twenty-one on
Home Aid.

The five acres in cultivation in the Home site produced 140
bushels of wheat, making enough flour to feed the “family” for
almost the entire year. The dairy herd produced 5,396 gallons of
milk, and the piggery 10,447 lbs. of meat. |

The annual audit was made by K. W. Parham, the Grand
Lodge Auditor, and shows the following:

OPERATING INCOME

Grand Lodge of North Carolina, A. F. & A. NM. $11,000.00
Grand Chapter of N. C., Order of Eastern Star________ 8,885.44
Income from Investment ssc 1,840.43
From Lodges, Chapters and Commanderies____________ 975.46
Income from Guests ssssssn 985.72
Shrine Temples and one shrine club... 360.77
Donations from general publie... LL 265.52
Grand Chapter, Royal Arch Masons 250.00
Miscellaneous income... LLL LLL LLL 132.00

$24,145.34

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 83

EXPENDITURES
Administration and general expenses----------------- $ 4,182.77
Institutional care of Guests 14,168.67
Coal, lights, power and water----------------------- 2,121.23
Burial and cemetery expenses------------------------ 106.74
Direct care of Guests... LL LLL LL LL LL LL LL LLL. $20,579.41
Property expense, replacement, repgir. 1,545.73
Home Aid pavments e 2,448.67
$24,573.81

We wish to express to the Masons, Eastern Stars and public of
North Carolina our sincere thanks and appreciation for their fine
and loyal support of the Home.

In view of the increased cost of living expenses during the past
year, and the expected additional increase in 1937, we respectfully
ask the Grand Bodies to make the following appropriations for the
maintenance of the Home:

Grand Lodge of N. C., A. F. & A. M.----------------- $12,000.00
Grand Chapter, Order Eastern Star------------------- 8,000.00
Grand Chapter, R.A. M... aceLcol dees? 300.00
Grand Commandery, K. T.--------------------------- 300.00
Grand Council, R. & S. M._--------------------------- 50.00
Order of High Priesthood---------------------------- 50.00
Oasis Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.---------------------- 500.00
Sudan Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.---------------------- 500.00

Respectfully submitted, $21,700.00

J. GILES Hupson, Grand Master,

W. N. SHERROD, Deputy Grand Master,
HARRY T. PATERSON, Senior Grand Warden,
J. EDWARD ALLEN, Junior Grand Warden,
Dr. W. C. WICKER, Chairman of Board,
E. R. Forp, Secretary-Treasurer,

W. RITCHIE SMITH,

JOHN J. PHOENIX,

W. P. HENLEY,

BENJAMIN CONE,

J. Howarp BROWN,

JOHN S. McEACHERN,

J. E. LATHAM,

Roy F. EBBS,

Mrs. MINNIE K. LEwIs, Grand Matron,
Mrs. ALICE CULPEPPER, Asso. Grand Matron,
Mrs. GERTRUDE WOODBURY,

Mrs. ALICE H. PARKER,

Mrs. CLYDE FITZGERALD,

Mrs. Daisy MAE Davis,

Mns. MARJORIE HOGAN,

MRs. ELIZABETH BERGMAN.

84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

The following resolution was read and referred to the
Finance Committee and later adopted:

To the Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

Whereas, owing to the changes made necessary in the person-
nel of the Board of Custodians and the Lecturers occasioned by the
deaths of Grand Lecturer Leon Cash, and Assistant Grand Lecturer
Jeff L. Nelson, and also to the non-attendance at this Session of
the Grand Lodge of Brother S. N. Boyce, Chairman of the Board,
arising from the serious illness of a near relative, we the under-
signed members of the Board, feel that a Summer Session of the
Board of Custodians and of the Lecturers would be highly promo-
tive of the Lecture Service, and we therefore, recommend that the
Grand Lodge appropriate the sum of $250.00 to defray the ex-
penses for such meeting. H. M. POTEAT,

J. E. SHIPMAN,
Custodians.

The Committee on By-Laws made a report which was
adopted :
To the Grand Lodge of North Carolina :

BRETHREN:

Your Committee on By-Laws begs to report that numerous
changes in by-laws of lodges have been approved. No proposed
change was contrary to Masonic law or usage.

J. H. ANDERSON, Committee.
The Trustees of the Permanent Fund made the fol-
lowing report which was adopted :

To the M. W. Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

The Trustees of the Permanent Fund submit the following re-
port for the year ending December 31, 1936:

INCOME ACCOUNT

Jan. 7, 1936—Interest on Deposits----------------- $ 1.50
Jan. 7, 1936—Interest on Bonds 1,182.50
Apr. 2, 1936—Interest on Depnosits 7.43
Apr. 2, 1986—Interest on Bonds------------------—- 190.00
June 15, 1936—Interest on Notes____________________ 168.45
July 6, 1936—Interest on Bonds____________________ 1,182.50
July 7, 1936—Interest on Deposits----------------—- 8.41
Oct. 1, 1936—Interest on Bonds____________________ 190.00
Oct. 14, 1936—Interest on Masonic Temple Notes. 3,249.33
Oct. 14, 1936—Interest on Depnosits 12.50
Dec. 21, 1936—Interest on Oxford Note... 875.00
Dec. 29, 1936—Interest on B. & L. Stock. 78.34

Dec. 31, 1936—Interest on Deposits

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 85

PAID
July 6, 1936—Box Rent --------------- $ 3.30
July 14, 1936—Lawyer's Fees ----------- 375.00
Aug. 14, 1936—J. H. Anderson,
Grand Sec, eier 5,000.00
Dec. 28, 1936—J. H. Anderson,
Grand Sec. ------------- 1,767.66
$ 7,145.96
Dec. 31, 1936— Balance on hand------------------ $ 7.71
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNT
Jan. 1, 1986—Balance on hand-------------------- $ 301.44
June 15, 1936—Payment on Oxford Orphanage
^. ‘Building: Note eege eege 5,426.75
Dec. 15, 1936— Payment on Oxford Orphanage
Building. Note eegene 5,000.00
Total ..< ae ete eem EE $ 10,728.19
Aug. 12, 1936—Bought Citizens B. & L. Stock-------- 5,000.00
Dec. 31, 1936—Cash Balance on hand............... $ 5,728.19
SECURITIES HELD
4 Masonic Temple Notes $7,500.00 each-------------- $ 30,000.00
1 Masonic Temple Note ---------------------------- 24,155.43
10 Meredith College Bonds 6% $500.00 each (Redeemed) 5,000.00
1 Oxford Orphanage Note 30,000.00
50 Shares Citizens B. & L. Stock (Salisbury guaranteed) 5,000.00
10 41295 Highway Bonds due January 1, 1940__-__-__-_ 10,000.00
Nos. 37670, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79
20 4159, Highway Bonds due January 1, 1946________- 20,000.00
Nos. 39509, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18.
39519, 20, 21, 22, 28, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.
10 41595; Highway Bonds due January 1, 1947--------- 10,000.00
Nos. 51601, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10.
2 414,96 Highway Bonds due January 1, 1941---------- 2,000.00

Nos. A77580, 81.

4 415 % Institutional Building Bonds due Jan. 1, 1966... 4,000.00
Nos. 20201, 04, 05 20471.

8 43496 Educational and Charitable Bonds due Oct.

Go SNO PAN NORMEN I UN 8,000.00
Nos. M15605, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12.
MONTI. eee EE $148,155.43

J. H. ANDERSON,

H. C. ALEXANDER,

R. C. DUNN,

J. LEG. EVERETT,
ALEXANDER B. ANDREWS.

86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

The Trustees of the John C. Drewry Memorial Grand
Secretary’s Fund made the following report which was
adopted: 5
To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

The Trustees of the John C. Drewry Memorial Grand Secre-
tary’s Fund submit the following report for the year ending Decem-
ber 31, 1936:

Income received by Security National Bank, Custodian.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNT

Jan. 1, 1936—Cash on hand......- ion eon ee $ 209.00
RECEIPTS
Jan. 2—Dividend 40 shares P. H. Hanes Knitting
Co. preferred ~---------------------- $ 70.00
Jan. 2— Dividend 65 shares Reynolds Tobacco Co.
ORY COM. ssconsesucseseccesecemewdue 48.75

Jan. 5—Dividend 55 shares Amer. Tel. & Tel. Co. 128.75
Mar. 2—Dividend 140 shares Penn R. R. Co., com. 140.00
Mar. 17—Dividend 10 shares Amer. Woolens Co.,

preferred eegenen 10.00
Apr. 2—Dividend 40 shares P. H. Hanes Knitting

Cos preferred. 22.6 oben oS oes 70.00
Apr. 2—Dividend 65 shares Reynolds Tob. Co.

“BY COMMON. .i-a-s0 seo Sscen seen cs 48.75

Apr. 15—Dividend 55 shares Amer. Tel. & Tel. Co. 123.75
June 13—Dividend 10 shares Amer. Woolens Co.,

preferred ..__--.---------~---------- 10.00
July 1—Coupons $9,800 Masonic Temple Construc-

tion: Co: 48s. ucl cel as et oe eee 196.00
July 2—Dividend 40 shares P. H. Hanes Knitting

Con preferred i22-2----.::--22122229823 70.00
July 7—Dividend 65 shares Reynolds Tob. Co. “B”

COMMON. eege dE 48.75

July 15—Dividend 55 shares. Amer. Tel. & Tel. Co. 123.75
Sept. 17—Dividend 10 shares Amer. Woolens Co.,

préterred: os eco cece 10.00
Oct. 3—Dividend 65 shares Reynolds Tob. Co.

*B'" common «cascce---2eme-c-eeeseez 48.75
Oct. 3—Dividend 40 shares P. H. Hanes Knitting '

Co, preferred ... LLL LLL LL LL Ll. 70.00

Oct. 15—Dividend 55 shares Amer. Tel. and Tel. Co. 123.75
Dec. 1—Dividend 65 shares. Penn Road Corp., com. 16.25
Dec. 16—Dividend 10 shares Amer. Woolen Co.,

EEN 10.00
Dec. 18—J. H. Anderson, Grand Secretary of the

Grand Lodge of N. C., interest to Jan.

1, 1937, on $1,000 note of the Grand

Lodge of North Carolina, A. F. & A. M. 60.00

SECURITIES HELD

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 87
Dec, 21—Dividend 140 shares Penn. R. R. Co. $ 140.00
Dec. 23—Dividends 25 shares. Atlantic Coast Line
- R PH 25.00
Dec. 29—Dividends 40 shares P. H. Hanes Knitting
Co, 7% Dreferred 70.00
Dec. 31—Total Receipts ------------------------------ $1,657.25
Dec. Attest ege Geen eee $1,866.25
DISBURSEMENTS
1936 :
Jan. 7—J. H. Anderson, Grand Secretary of the
Grand Lodge of N. C., A. F. & A. M.—
RN $327.75
Apr. 10—J. H. Anderson, Grand Secretary of the
Grand Lodge of N. C., A. F. & A. M.—
EE 392.50
June 12—J. H. Anderson, Grand Secretary of the
Grand Lodge of N. C., A. F. & A. M.—
Income: a2 ee 123.75
July 15—J. H. Anderson, Grand Secretary of
Grand Lodge of N. C., A. F. & A. M.—
Income ci———————e eel mse TS 448.50
Oct. 15—J. H. Anderson, Grand Secretary of the
Grand Lodge of N. C., A. F. & A. M.—
Income: uil ee eege Ee 252.50
Dec. 29—J. H. Anderson, Grand Secretary of the
Grand Lodge of N. C., A. F. & A. M.—
Incomes. 22.-2-.--——-2---—02022-p522$4 321.25
Dec. 31— Total Disbursements ------------------------ $1,866.25
Dec. 31—Balance Cash on hand------------------------ .00
Dec::91—/ Total s mee Ecce $1,866.25

$9,800.00 par value The Masonie Temple Construction Co. Second

Mortgage 4% bonds.

$1,000.00 Note of the Grand Lodge of North Carolina A.
M., dated Feb. 1, 1924.

F. & A.

55 Shares American Telephone and Telegraph Co., common, Cer-

tificate. A137497.

10 Shares American Woolen Co., 7% preferred, Certificate 85200.

25 Shares Atlantic Coast Line R. R. Co., common, Certifica

te 73894.

40 shares P. H. Hanes Knitting Co., 796 preferred, Certificate

P01031.

88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

140 Shares The Pennsylvania R. R. Co., common, Certificate
P853463, 100 shares, Certificate P853464, 40 shares.

65 Shares R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. “B” common, Certificate
BL237742.

65 Shares The Penn. Road. Corp. (Voting Trust Certificates)

523452.
J. G. HUDSON,

H. C. ALEXANDER,
J. H. ANDERSON,
ALEXANDER B. ANDREWS.

The Masonic Temple Committee made the following
report which was adopted:

REPORT OF MASONIC TEMPLE COMMITTEE

The Masonic Temple Committee submits the Auditor's report
showing the operation of the Masonic Temple for the year ending
Dec. 31, 1936.

Every available space in the building is rented.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 89
BALANCE SHEET
ASSETS AND, LIABILITIES
December 31, 1936
ASSETS
CASH: Wachovia Bank and Trust Company $ 6,502.76
RENTS RECEIVABLE 5,752.88
INVESTMENTS: Raleigh Building and Loan Assn. $ 5,167.82
1922-State of N. C. Highway Bond
4% Bond at Cost 936.50
3 Shares C. P. & L. Co —6%
Preferred Stock at Cost 165.00 6,269.32
FIXED ASSETS—Land and Building 175,685.75
DEFERRED CHARGES: Unamortized Balance of Cost
Remodeling Corner Store—4 Year Lease $ 1,000.00
Installing Drinking Fountains 576.62 1,576.62
TOTAL ASSETS $195,787.33
LIABILITIES
INTEREST ON SECOND MORTGAGE BONDS $ 524.00
NOTES PAYABLE TO GRAND LODGE OF N. C. 54,155.43
LOAN PAYABLE TO GRAND LODGE OF N. C. 1,000.00
BONDED DEBT: Second Mortgage Bonds
Outstanding 15,900.00
TOTAL LIABILITIES $ 71,579.43
NET WORTH `
Capital Stock Authorized $ 10,000.00
Issued and Outstanding None |
Surplus January 1, 1936 $118,713.07
Profit for Year 5,494.83
NET WORTH 124,207.90

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET WORTH

$195,787.33

90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

PROFIT AND LOSS
Year ended December 31, 1936 .
EE
OPERATING INCOME

Rent of Offices—-Commercial $ 10,723.66
Rent of Stores—Commercial 6,526.87
Rent of Offices and Lodge Room to Masonic Bodies 2,320.00
TOTAL OPERATING INCOME $ 19,570.53

OPERATING EXPENSE

Salaries and Wages $ 4,035.00 |
Fuel 459.42
Power and Light 1,755.04 |
Water 372.31
Repairs - 2,119.42
Insurance 440.24 |
Premium on Bonds 37.50
Elevator Inspection and Service 196.35
Window Washing | 150.00
Janitors and Building Supplies and Expense | 181.48 |
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSE | | 9,746.76
OPERATING PROFIT $ 9,823.77
MISCELLANEOUS INCOME =
Interest on N. C. State Bond $ 40.00
Interest on Carolina Power and Light Co. Stock 33.75
Interest Earned—Raleigh Building and
Loan Assn. 167.82
Recovery of Accounts Previously Charged Off 125.20
Sale of Desk | 10.00 376.77
$ 10,200.54
MISCELLANEOUS DEDUCTIONS FROM INGOME |
Interest on Second Mortgage Bonds $ 608.00
Interest on Notes Payable | 3,309.33
Amortization of Improvements—
Corner Store 25% | 500.00
Amortization of Cost
of Drinking Fountains 33 1-3% 288.38 4,705.71
NET PROFIT FOR YEAR $ 5,494.83

ee MAR

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 91

REPORT OF MASONIC LOAN FUND COMMITTEE

The Masonic Loan Fund Committee made the follow-
ing report which was ordered placed on file:

It has been suggested to the Committee that its previous re-
ports have been too involved; too many figures; too much de-
tail; that the Grand Lodge is only interested in RESULTS.
Probably there is truth in these criticisms, and consequently you
will note that this year's report is considerably condensed. Your
Committee has secured the data from the several institutions as in
previous years, but it is not burdening the records with volumin-
ous. details.

' In general, this Fund is being well handled. There are, of
course, exceptions, but we do feel that calling the attention of the
institutions to delinquencies in handling the accounts has resulted
in considerable improvement. And we believe that the Fund is being
administered as well as can be expected, by the majority of the
Colleges.

A few of the principal items are as follows:

Twenty-seven of the thirty-one institutions have rendered writ-
ten reports. Three institutions have paid no attention to letters
and telegraphic requests for these reports.

One College (Davenport) has been closed for several years and
no attempt has been made to collect the outstanding notes; nor can
we secure any satisfactory information concerning the future in-
tentions of this institution.

Money on hand Jan. 1, 1937, at 27 of the institutions, ready to
be loaned—$19,058.67.

Outstanding loans as of Jan. 1, 1937—$75,650.88.

During 1936 there was collected on loans made prior to 1930,
a total of 51 payments, amounting to $1,742.92.

In 1936 there was collected on loans made after 1930, 418
payments, totalling $15,627.82.

Four institutions made no collections whatsoever on any notes
during 1936.

Your Committee has notified all institutions that they should
make no new loans without adequate endorsement, and all reports
received indicate that these instructions have been followed on all
new loans made.

Your Committee has also insisted that pressure be brought to
bear on all borrowers who could pay if they would, and several
institutions have placed old notes in collectors’ hands, and in some
grossly delinquent cases judgments have been issued.

Your Committee is convinced that the institutions are giving
more careful attention to loaning these Funds to reliable students,
as well as showing more diligence in their collection.

It appears, however, that continued vigilance must be exer-

92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

cised by the Committee and the institutions themselves in order
to conserve the principal of this Fund and its continued usefulness.
By The Committee.

REPORT OF SESQUI-CENTENNIAL COMMITTEE

The Sesqui-centennial Committee reported as follows
and the report was adopted:

To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

Your Committee on. the Celebration of the 150th Anniversary
of the organization of the Grand Lodge of North Carolina reports
as follows:

The resolution of Concord Lodge, No. 58, which was referred
to the Committee was considered and it is recommended that this
matter be left to the Grand Master with power to act and, if found
expedient, to hold one session of the Grand Lodge in Tarboro in
April, 1938.

Brother John A. Livingstone was appointed in place of Bro-
ther Cash on the subcommittee and the committee consisting of Bro.
thers J. Edward Allen, A. B. Andrews and John A. Livingstone was
continued.

Respectfully submitted,
J. WALLACE WINBORNE, Chm.,
J. EDWARD ALLEN,
ALEXANDER B. ANDREWS,
E. W. TIMBERLAKE, JR.,
JOHN A. LIVINGSTONE.

GRAND HISTORIAN’S REPORT

Following is the report of the Grand Historian which
was adopted:
To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

Your Grand Historian has devoted his activities since his
appointment to the work of cooperating with the Committee on ar-
rangements for the observance of the 150th Anniversary of the
founding of the Grand Lodge of North Carolina.

. Continuing the work so well begun by the former Grand His-
torian, Brother E. W. Spires, your Grand Historian is endeavoring
to collect authentic histories of early lodges in North Carolina. He
has been assured of the cooperation of a number of the lodges in
securing these histories.

It is the purpose of the Sesqui-Centennial Committee to print
some of these histories in the Proceedings of the Sesqui-Centennial
Communication of the Grand Lodge with the view of making this
a commemorative publication for permanent preservation.

Se gabled, JOHN A. LIVINGSTONE

Grand Historian.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 93

At this time a very interesting document was pre-
sented to the Grand Lodge by Pr Gr Mr A B. Andrews.
It was a report of the “Quarterly Communication of the
Most Ancient and Honourable Society of Free and Ac-
cepted Masons, under the Constitution of England, the
Most Worshipful and Right Honourable Robert Edward
Petre, Lord Petre, Baron of Writtle, etc., Grand Master,
held at Free Masons Hall, Great Queen Street, Lincoln’s
Inn Fields, Friday, April 18, 1777.

Among the resolutions is the following:

RESOLVED, That the Persons who assemble in Lon-
don and elsewhere in the Character of Masons, calling
themselves ANCIENT MASONS, by virtue of an Au-
thority from a pretended Grand Lodge in England, and
at present said to be under the patronage of the Duke of
Athol, are not to be countenanced or acknowledged as
Masons by any regular Lodge or Mason under the Consti-
tution of England; nor shall any regular Mason be pre-
sented at any of their Conventions, to give Sanction to
their Proceedings, under the Penalty of forfeiting the
Privileges of the Society ; neither shall any Person initiat-
ed at these irregular Meetings be admitted into any Lodge
without being re-made, and paying the usual Making
Fees.

The circular is addressed to “The M of the Lodge of
Free Masons, Royal White Hart, Halifax, North Caro-
lina” and was sent to Brother Andrews by Brother J.
Hugo Tatsch, from Boston, Massachusetts.

The following report was made by the Committee on
Charity and adopted: ]
January 1, 1937.
To the Most Worshipful Grand. Master, Wardens and. Brethren of
the Grand Lodge, A. F. & A. M., of North Carolina:

The following appeals have been received from subordinate
bodies for aid to distressed worthy brother Master Masons, their
widows and orphans. The name of the Lodge, member or person for
which appeal was made together with the amount donated is as
follows:

Jan. 6—Adoniram, No. 149, Bro. M. W. Clements........ $35.00
Mar. 30—Roman Eagle, 122, Danville, Va., Bro. Evans... 50.00

94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Apr. 29—Grand Lodge of N. Y., Mrs. D. P. Henry------- $ 25.00
May 14—Grand Lodge, Bro. P. C. Stott------ ---------- 100.00
June 5—Royal Hart, No. 497, Bro. W. H. B. Riggan.--.- 15.00
July 3—Hollis, No. 535, Bro. H. L. Johnson.------------ 50.00
July 16—Monroe, No. 244, through Grand Lodge of Va.,
Mrs. Wilson O. Mettis 50.00
Aug. 6— Black River, No. 652, Bro. D. A. McLeod-------- 75.00
Aug. 24—Grand Lodge of N. Y., Mrs. Sadie O. Tucker....- 24.20
Sept. 12—8St. John’s, No. 13, Mrs. Nettie M. Potter 100.00
Oct. 20—Grifton, No. 243, Bro. Noah Vick_-------------- 25.00
Dec. 2—Ashler, No. 451, Bro. H. L. Beshears__----------- 25.00
Total Disbursements ------------------------------- $574.20

Requests for aid were also received from Perquimans Lodge,
No. 106, but no information could be secured from that Lodge on
the case and the appeal is being held in abeyance. An appeal was
also received from Bro. W. H. B. Riggan for an additional dona-
tion, but this was rejected.

Respectfully submitted,
A. O. ALFORD,
Chairman Charity Committee.

The Committee on the Masonic and Eastern Star
Home made the following report which was adopted :

Your Committee on Masonic and Eastern Star Home beg leave
to make report as follows:

We have made visits to the Home from time to time and find
that the guests are well cared for and seem to be contented and
happy. We commend the Superintendent, Bro. Geo. R. Bennette, and
his helpers for their effort and success in giving to the guests every
care and comfort possible. They not only have the care necessary
for the body but they have that loving thoughtfulness so essential
to the well being for a person in declining years.

The Chairman of your Committee attended the meeting of the
Board of Directors in March. We learned that the Home is very
well and economically managed.

We have examined that part of the Grand Master’s report
which refers to the Home. We most heartily approve, and join with
e in recommending as large appropriation to the Home as is pos-
sible.

Respectfully submitted,
F. EUGENE HESTER,
L. G. JORDAN,
For the Committee.

REPORT OF REPRESENTATIVE TO GEORGE WASHINGTON
MASONIC NATIONAL MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION.

The representative to the George Washington Mason-

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 95

ic National Memorial Association made the following re-
port which was adopted:

To the Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

I have the honor to report to you that I attended the twenty-
seventh Annual Convention of the George Washington Masonic
National Memorial Association, which was held on the premises
of the Association on February 22, 1937,

Forty-five Grand Lodges as well as other Masonic groups were
represented at the Annual Meeting. President Louis A. Watres,
most graceful presiding officer and most efficient executive, pre-
sided. North Carolina was reported as being represented by Grand
. Master J. Giles Hudson; John H. Anderson, Grand Secretary; Alex-
ander B. Andrews, Past Grand Master; Fred F. Bahnson, Past
Grand Commander of Knights Templar; and the undersigned. If
there were other representatives present from this state, they failed
to sign attendance cards.

The Memorial Association has received a total of $4,030,647
for the purpose of the organization up to February of this year. As
indicated above, it is shown to have begun its work in 1910, with a
vision of its objectives much smaller than the goals which it set
before itself not many years later. By 1930, when the Masonic
population of the United States approximated three and a quarter
millions, the Memorial Association had set as its goal a quota of one
dollar and seventy cents per capita from each Grand Lodge in
the United States. In those days, more than three hundred thousand
dollars were being spent each year in building the Memorial. Then
came the Depression, and with it the drying up of donations of
large sums of money for the building of the Memorial. Throughout
the history of the Memorial, it has never owed a single dollar; it
always carried a reserve fund which must not be enroached upon
except as a buffer in temporary conditions, this fund running be-
tween thirty and fifty thousand dollars.

The Memorial to Washington the Mason is not finished, Vast
spaces of its interior, other than the Auditorium and Memorial Hall,
show nothing but bare concrete, brick and tile surfaces. We are
fortunate in having these most conspicuous spots complete, and the
auditorium is very frequently in use.

Twenty-six Grand Lodges require each candidate to pay a
dollar to the Memorial, or pay it for him, As initiates increase
with the return of prosperity, this fund will become annually larger.

As the Annual Convention of 1937, checks for the Memorial in
the total amount of a little more than seventy thousand dollars
were handed to Secretary-Treasurer J. Claude Keiper. These came
from sixteen Grand Lodges, the General Grand Chapter, and the
Northern Supreme Council of the A. and A. S. R. Profits from the
souvenir counter amounted to $2,750.00. The Grand Lodge of
North Carolina made no donation during the year.

94 i PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Apr. 29—Grand Lodge of N. Y., Mrs. D. P. Henry------- $ 25.00
May 14—Grand Lodge, Bro. P. C. Stott--.-------------. 100.00
June 5—Royal Hart, No. 497, Bro. W. H. B. Riggan_---- 15.00
July 3— Hollis, No. 535, Bro. H. L. Johnson.-.---------- 50.00
July 16— Monroe, No. 244, through Grand Lodge of Va.,
Mrs. Wilson O. Metts_--.--------------------- 50.00
Aug. 6—Black River, No. 652, Bro. D. A. MeLeod..-...-.- 75.00
Aug. 24—Grand Lodge of N. Y., Mrs. Sadie O. Tucker....- 24.20
Sept. 12—St. John's, No. 18, Mrs. Nettie M. Potter.......- 100.00
Oct. 20—Grifton, No. 248, Bro. Noah Vick_-------------- 25.00
Dec. 2—Ashler, No. 451, Bro. H. L. Beshears------------- 25.00
Total Disbursements ____--------------------------- $574.20

Requests for aid were also received from Perquimans Lodge,
No. 106, but no information could be secured from that Lodge on
the case and the appeal is being held in abeyance. An appeal was
also received from Bro. W. H. B. Riggan for an additional dona-
tion, but this was rejected.

Respectfully submitted,
A. O. ALFORD,
Chairman Charity Committee.

The Committee on the Masonic and Eastern Star
Home made the following report which was adopted:

Your Committee on Masonic and Eastern Star Home beg leave
to make report as follows:

We have made visits to the Home from time to time and find
that the guests are well cared for and seem to be contented and
happy. We commend the Superintendent, Bro. Geo. R. Bennette, and
his helpers for their effort and success in giving to the guests every
care and comfort possible. They not only have the care necessary
for the body but they have that loving thoughtfulness so essential
to the well being for a person in declining years.

The Chairman of your Committee attended the meeting of the
Board of Directors in March. We learned that the Home is very
well and economically managed.

We have examined that part of the Grand Master’s report
which refers to the Home. We most heartily approve, and join with
ae in recommending as large appropriation to the Home as is pos-
sible.

Respectfully submitted,
F. EUGENE HESTER,
L. G. JORDAN,
For the Committee.

REPORT OF REPRESENTATIVE TO GEORGE WASHINGTON
MASONIC NATIONAL MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION:

The representative to the George Washington Mason-

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 95

ic National Memorial Association made the following re-
port which was adopted:

To the Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

I have the honor to report to you that I attended the twenty-
seventh Annual Convention of the George Washington Masonic
National Memorial Association, which was held on the premises
of the Association on February 22, 1937.

Forty-five Grand Lodges as well as other Masonic groups were
represented at the Annual Meeting. President Louis A. Watres,
most graceful presiding officer and most efficient executive, pre-
sided. North Carolina was reported as being represented by Grand
Master J. Giles Hudson; John H. Anderson, Grand Secretary; Alex-
ander B. Andrews, Past Grand Master; Fred F. Bahnson, Past
Grand Commander of Knights Templar; and the undersigned. If
there were other representatives present from this state, they failed
to sign attendance cards.

The Memorial Association has received a total of $4,030,647
for the purpose of the organization up to February of this year. As
indicated above, it is shown to have begun its work in 1910, with a
vision of its objectives much smaller than the goals which it set
before itself not many years later. By 1930, when the Masonic
population of the United States approximated three and a quarter
millions, the Memorial Association had set as its goal a quota of one
dollar and seventy cents per capita from each Grand Lodge in
the United States. In those days, more than three hundred thousand
dollars were being spent each year in building the Memorial. Then
came the Depression, and with it the drying up of donations of
large sums of money for the building of the Memorial. Throughout
the history of the Memorial, it has never owed a single dollar; it
always carried a reserve fund which must not be enroached upon
except as a buffer in temporary conditions, this fund running be-
tween thirty and fifty thousand dollars.

The Memorial to Washington the Mason is not finished. Vast
spaces of its interior, other than the Auditorium and Memorial Hall,
show nothing but bare concrete, brick and tile surfaces. We are
fortunate in having these most conspicuous spots complete, and the
auditorium is very frequently in use.

Twenty-six Grand Lodges require each candidate to pay a
dollar to the Memorial, or pay it for him. As initiates increase
with the return of prosperity, this fund will become annually larger.

As the Annual Convention of 1937, checks for the Memorial in
the total amount of a little more than seventy thousand dollars
were handed to Secretary-Treasurer J. Claude Keiper. These came
from sixteen Grand Lodges, the General Grand Chapter, and the
Northern Supreme Council of the A. and A. S. R. Profits from the
souvenir counter amounted to $2,750.00. The Grand Lodge of
North Carolina made no donation during the year.

96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

It is hoped that every Grand Lodge will rekindle its enthusiasm
for the project. North Carolina is ranked thirteenth from the top
in per capita support. Bottom place is given to Kansas, which does
not appear to have allowed the cause to be laid before the indivi-
dual lodges at any time. New York has given $345,986.00 to it. The
Imperial Council of the Shrine has given $168,000.00 to it.

J. EDWARD ALLEN, Representative.

Past Grand Master H. M. Poteat made a verbal and
enthusiastic report about the Masonic Service Associa-
tion.

The minutes were read and approved and the Grand
Lodge called from labor to refreshment until 7:30 this
evening.

SECOND DAY—NIGHT SESSION

The Grand Lodge was called from refreshment to la-
bor at 7:30 o’clock in the Masonic Temple, by M.’.W.’.J.
Giles Hudson, Grand Master.

The following reports were presented:

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON APPEALS

The Committee on Appeals made the following report
which was adopted:
We, your committee on appeals, beg leave to report as follows:

We have carefully considered the appeal of Brother Parks O.
Williams from sentence of suspension by Joppa Lodge, No. 530, and
we find that the action of the Lodge was in accordance with the
zode, except that the length of time that he was suspended was
named by the Master at the unanimous request of the Lodge and
not by a direct vote of the Lodge.

(Decision 1059—Andrews Digest—quote).

After conviction the Lodge must fix the punishment, and can-
not delegate such power to the Master. In such instance the case
was remanded for re-sentence.

We, therefore, recommend that the case be referred back to
Joppa Lodge for re-sentence only.

The transcript in the appeal of Brother Wilbur L. Willis from
the action of Franklin Lodge, No. 109, has been carefully reviewed
by your committee. We find that the complaint charged UNMA-
SONIC CONDUCT in that Bro. Willis was the manager of an Al-
cholic Beverage Commission store—under section 151 of the Code
and was read to the Lodge on the 6th day of January 1936 and
that the trial was held on May 11, 1936, and the judgment was ex-
pulsion.

At the Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge, April 22,
1936, Regulation No. 274 was adopted as the Grand Lodge’s inter-
pretation of section 151-6—and which excluded employes of Gov-
ernmental agencies engaged in the sale of intoxicating liquors.

It is the opinion of your committee that the entire action of
Franklin Lodge in this case, after the adoption of Regulation 274
is NULL and VOID and of NO EFFECT, it having been taken
after date of the adoption of said Regulation of April 22, 1936, and

(97)

98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

we recommend that the judgment in this case be REVERSED; that
Brother Willis be declared to have been improperly expelled.

Respectfully submitted,
H. L. TAYLOR, Chm., H. M. BRANDON,

T. O. KEPLEY, R. T. ALLEN,
Z. V. SNIPES, H. KAUFFMAN.

The Committee on Masonic Education reported as fol-
lows and the report was adopted:

The Committee on Masonic Education feels that any measure
of success in education depends on continued, uninterrupted work
along a definite line.

During the past year an effort has been made to stimulate
the installation of the Lodge System of Education in all the lodges
of the state, with sale of these booklets to interest members other
than committee members.

A series of articles of educational interest has appeared
throughout the year in The Orphans' Friend, which we heartily
recommend to all Masons in the state.

We particularly wish to thank Bro. Pinnix for the hearty
cooperation given to the committee.

Plans have been made to continue the work along the lines
of last year with some expansion. z

The committee requests that the unused balance of our appro-
priation made two years ago be continued, and that any profits
from the sale of the booklets on the Lodge System of Education
be added to this fund for the continuation of our work. The commit-
tee asks that no new appropriation be made.

Committee on Masonic Education,
Roy F. EBBS, Chairman.

The Oxford Orphanage Committee made the follow-
ing report, which was adopted:

To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

We, your Committee on Oxford Orphanage, beg leave to make
our report as follows:

We have read the Sixty-fourth Annual Report of the Board
of Directors and Superintendent of Oxford Orphanage, and we
commend the Directors, the Superintendent and heads of the var-
ious departments for the splendid progress made during the past
year.

We cannot help but urge the brethren to read and increase
the circulation of The Orphans’ Friend and Masonic Journal. The
value of this periodical, under the able leadership and editorship of
Brother Frank Pinnix, and the real good that it is doing among the
Craft in our Grand Jurisdiction, cannot be estimated.

GRAND LODGE OF. NORTH CAROLINA 99

We recommend that the Grand Lodge be most liberal in its
appropriation for the needs of Oxford Orphanage.
Respectfully and fraternally submitted,

W. L. McIver,
L. L. THOMAS,
A. W. KINCAID,

For the Committee.
REPORT OF BOARD OF CUSTODIANS

The Board of Custodians made the following report,
which was adopted :

To the Grand Lodge of North Carolina, A. F. & A. M.:
The Board of Custodians submits the following report:

The annual meeting of the Board and Grand Lecturers was
held in the Masonic Temple in Raleigh, North Carolina, April 19,
20, and 21, 1937, at which the following were present: M.'.W-'J.
Giles Hudson, Grand Master; H. M. Poteat and J. E. Shipman,
members of the Board; and Brethren P. C. Stott, J. W. Patton, J.
F. Marquette, and W. D. Wilder, Assistant Grand Lecturers.

Expressions of deep regret of the passing of Grand Lecturer
Leon Cash, and Assistant Grand Lecturer Jeff L. Nelson, was
voiced by each of us. We lost much by being deprived of their wise
counsel and able leadership.

We also deeply deplore the absence of our beloved Chairman,
Brother S. N. Boyce, who was unable to attend because of the ser-
ious illness of a near relative.

While we were thus greatly handicapped, nevertheless the rit-
ualistic work was rehearsed and exemplified in the three degrees;
the exemplification in the third degree having been given by Green-
ville Lodge, No. 284, in a most efficient and impressive manner.

The Board is highly appreciative of the fine cooperative spirit
manifested by the Grand Lecturers and is glad to recommend them
to the incoming Grand Master for reappointment.

It is our sincere conviction that our Assistant Grand Lecturers
are making an invaluable contribution to Masonry in this State
and that its future welfare very largely depends upon a proper
and adequate support of our Lecture System.

Owing to the changes now made necessary in the personnel
of the Board and of the Lecturers, we deem it highly important
that a summer meeting of the Custodians and Lecturers be held this
year for the purpose of a full and complete review and exemplifi-
cation of the ritualistic work and we, therefore, recommend an
appropriation of $250.00 therefor.

Respectfully submitted,

H. M. PorkEAT, Chairman pro tem.
J. E. SHIPMAN, Secretary.

100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

COMMITTEE ON CHARTERS AND DISPENSATIONS

The Committee on Charters and Dispensations made
the following report, which was adopted:

Upon investigation of the records presented by Statesville
Lodge, No. 487, also from the Grand Secretary’s office, that the
present lodge and some of its members are descended from the ori-
ginal Mt. Moriah Lodge, No. 27, and its charter members.

During the time between the original chartering of Mt. Moriah
Lodge, No. 27, and the present date we find that with the exception
of about twenty-five years, divided into four periods, they have been
active in Masonic work. We, therefore recommend that their petition
be granted and that Statesville Lodge, No. 487, be known as States-
ville Lodge, No. 27. Guy H. Morris, Chm.,

W. T. RUSSELL,
D. E. BULLUCK,
R. T. DANIEL.

The following resolution was read and adopted:

Resolved, that the word “year” in Regulation 268, page 64 of
the 1924 Code, be interpreted as meaning calendar year, thereby per-
mitting subordinate lodges to obtain lecture service at any time
during every second calendar year, even though twenty-four months
may not have elapsed since the previous lecture period of the lodge.

This resolution was unanimously adopted by the District Dep-
uty Grand Masters’ Association on April 21, 1937.

D. S. JOHNSON, OD. E. BULLUCK,
MURRAY C. ALEXANDER, Committee.

LODGE SERVICE COMMISSION

The Lodge Service Commission was continued and di-
rected to formulate a definite plan of action with each
delinquent lodge and report at the Annual Communica-
tion in 1938.

The Grand Master announced the hour of election had
arrived and appointed the following tellers:

W. T. Russell W. L. McIver R.T. Daniel G. H. Morris
The election resulted as follows:

WATSON N. SHERROD- ---- | Grand Master
HARRY T. PATERSON_____________ Deputy Grand Master
J. EDWARD ALLEN | Senior Grand Warden
THOS. J. HARKINS- Junior Grand Warden
HERBERT C. ALEXANDER... | Grand Treasurer

J. H. ANDERSON... | Grand Secretary

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 101

R. C. Dunn was elected a Director of the Oxford Or-
phanage for a term of five years.

Brothers W. C. Wicker and W. R. Smith were elected
Directors of the Masonic and Eastern Star Home for a
term of five years.

J. H. Anderson was elected a Dictus of the N. C.
Masonic Foundation for a term of five years.

J. Edward Allen was elected a representative to the
George Washington Masonic National Memorial Associa-
tion.

J. Edward Allen was elected a representative to the
Masonic Service Association.

The Finance Committee made the following report,
which was adopted:

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE TO THE GRAND LODGE OF NORTH
CAROLINA SESSION OF 1937
For the first time in nine consecutive years your committee

have to report that they have underestimated the receipts of the
Grand Lodge.

We find from the report of the Grand doudou that his of-
fice has received the following amounts, which he has turned over
to the Grand Treasurer, and in a parallel column we place the es-
timate made by our committee at the Grand Lodge of 1936.

These statisties are as follows:

Receipts
Actual Estimated
1. Dues Prior Years... ........ NECI $16,572.12
2. Dues Current Year. 59,361.96 $68,260.00
3. Initiations $1.00 __________--_--_-___- 517.00 585.00
4. Charity Fees SI000 5,180.00 5,860.00
D. Drewry Fund, seed dee 1,866.25 1,500.00
6. Permanent Fund -------------------- 6,767.66 6,000.00
Ju: CHINGS( Soon or Ee 47.50 40.00
8. Sale of Educational Books------------- 99.75 585.00
9. Sale of Claudy Books 531.30
10. Interest on Moore Legacy_------------ 60.00
11. Interest on arrears of dues ......... 116.69
12. Miscellaneous .......- ccs we Ses kn 56.00 500.00
13: DIMI tee eec eee 207.00
14. Dues paid in advance----------------- 416.00
15. Dividends from closed banks.......... 4,207.89

$96,007.76 $83,330.00

102 - ‘PROCEEDINGS OF. THE

GRAND TREASURER'S REPORT

Dr.
1936— i "
Jan. 1—Balance on hand $ 3,261.70
Received from Grand Secretary--------------- 96,007.76
January 22 ........-.---------- $10,000.00
February 4 _------------------ 5,000.00
February 17 _------------------ 5,000.00
February 26 __----------------- 5,000.00
March Zeie 5,000.00
March kb. ccc 10,000.00
March 30... 5,000.00
April 2... ---- 15,000.00
April 8 lel 5,000.00
June Succ a See 5,000.00
June 0... MOL IS 5,000.00
September 15 ------------------ ` 5,000.00
October 19 ~____--_------------ 7,500.00
December 24 _______--=--2------ . 5,000.00 .
December 31 .................- 3,507.76
i ; $99,269.46
Interest on Bank Balances (Industrial Loan
and Investment Bank, Charlotte)---------- 230.37
GRAND DEE Eesen eege $99,499.83
Cr.
Warrants drawn by the Grand Secretary, as itemized
in hisXepobU-2cill a gheet $88,585.75
Balance Dec. 31, 1986_-----------------------------—- $10,914.08

DUES OWING AND UNPAID

J an. 1, 1937, there was due the Grand Lodge, as shown by the
audit (page 2) $17,910.27 for the following years: .

Year ending December 31, 1092. $ 643.88
Year ending December 31, 1933... 2,484.50
Year ending December 31, 1934... 4,921.69
Year ending December 31, 1935_______________ 9,860.20

$17,910.27

This is an improvement on December 31, 1935, over the pre-
ceeding year, when there was due the sum of $24,813.10.

UNPAID APPROPRIATIONS

As shown by the books of the Grand Lodge there is now due

and outstanding by the Grand Lodge the following appropriations
which will have to be met.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 103

1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 Total
Oxford Orphanage

Maintenance _________ $...— $14,500 $____ $___ $___ $14,500
Interest on Building
Fund Debt -------- ---. 2,175 2,175 ... ... 4,850
Curtail on Building
Fund Debt ........ ----- 8,500 3,500 ... ... 7,000
Masonic & Eastern Star
Home Maintenance .. ---- 9,000 .... ... ... 9,000
Drewry Memorial
Fund Note .........- 1,000 ..... nr "eec. 715,000
Masonic Temple
Rent 2.2212..-.-222--- ---- 1,050 1,050 |... ... 2,100
Sesqui-Centennial ...... sige 250 250 250 250. 1,000

$1,000 $30,475 $6,975 $250 $250 $38,950

This amount of $38,950.00 should be taken care of and will
have to be reckoned with in the making up of the budget.

With regard to the $38,950.00 of unpaid appropriations of prior
Grand Lodges, we do not set forth these in the budget but leave to
the Grand Master, in his discretion, to direct the Grand Secretary
how any extra monies, over the estimated budget should be applied
for maintenance in reducing these obligations of the Grand Lodge.

While the Grand Lodge owes large outstanding amounts like
this, it is necessary that appropriations be not increased, and
especially the money in excess of the estimated income should not
be appropriated.

AUDIT

Under the order of the Grand Lodge, all audits are made by the
Auditor, and during 1936 there was paid $625.00 for this service,
which was as follows:

Grand Lodge stenken eene eer $137.50
Oxford Orphanage ____-_---------------------- 300.00
Masonic & Eastern Star Home 150.00
Masonic Temple Construction Co.---------------- 37.50

$625.00

As a matter of auditing is something for which each institution
or agency ought to pay its pro rata part, we recommend that the
Grand Lodge order the reimbursement of the above from the Ox-
ford Orphanage, the Masonic and Eastern Star Home and the Ma-
sonic Temple Construction Company.

LODGE SERVICE COMMISSION

We congratulate the Grand Lodge upon the showing made in
the Grand Master’s address upon the amount of $19,317.70 having
been collected from 106 out of 136 delinquent lodges. This is a won-
derful showing. A great part is due to the persistent, active and in-

104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

telligent work of the Lodge Service Commission, which has been
ordered continued for this year.

In order to take care of the expenses of that Commission, both
the unpaid expenses of last year and for the coming year, we have
raised this item in the budget to $1,000.00.

GRAND LODGE CHARITIES

The passage of the Social Security Act, both by National and
State governments, presents a question that will ultimately have
to be faced by the Masons of North Carolina, namely: “How far
shall the existing Masonic charities of North Carolina be enlarged
or curtailed?”

How far will the National or State government go in caring
for aged people and dependent. children? The Masons of North
Carolina want to do their share, yet they want to share like other ,
people in whatever work the National or State government under-
takes.

Any enlarged building program for the. purpose of adding to
the capacity of the institutions or for increasing the. number served
means an increased maintenance which has to be met out of per
capita tax revenue.

The committee recognizes fully the need for repairs and re-
placements to renew whatever existing work is carried on, which
replacements and renewals are absolutely necessary.

We, therefore, recommend that any or all authorizations for
erecting buildings, or enlarging existing facilities, to take care of
additional capacity, be withdrawn.

Further, that any institution or agency receiving an appro-
priation from the Grand Lodge shall get the consent in writing of
the Grand Master before proceeding with any contracting for any
building or other property looking to enlargement of institutions,
agency or charity.

B. F. MOORE LEGACY

Included in the receipts of the Grand Secretary is $60.00 in-
terest on a note of the Masonic Temple Construction Company, for
which he shows a corresponding disbursement to the Oxford Or-
phanage for this sum.

This was a legacy of a $1,000 United States Bond left by the
late B. F. Moore in the late 70’s to the Grand Lodge of Masons to
be held in trust for the benefit of the Oxford Orphan Asylum (then .
unincorporated) and after the maturity of the Bond it was in-
vested in notes and mortgages and then in the note of the Masonic
Temple Construction Company about thirty years ago.

We recommend that the Grand Secretary turn over the custody

GRAND LODGE OF NoRTH CAROLINA 105

of this note to the Oxford Orphanage, as agent for the Grand
Lodge, to receive this interest and administer for it this trust.

OXFORD ORPHANAGE

We make the appropriation for $45,000.00 for maintenance, as
recommended by the Grand Master and approved by the Committee
on Oxford Orphanage. Also, bring forward the $1,500.00 interest
on the building debt and $3,500.00 payment towards its reduction.

MASONIC AND EASTERN STAR HOME

We make the appropriation for $11,000.00 as requested in their
report and approved by the Committee on Masonic and Eastern Star
Home, which has been adopted by the Grand Lodge.

MASONIC RELIEF ASSOCIATION

As authorized by the Grand Lodge, the membership in the
Masonic Relief Association aggregating the sum of $100.00 has
been placed in the budget.

SPECIAL MEETING
SUMMER OF 1937, BOARD OF CUSTODIANS

This is a special appropriation of $250.00, based only for a
summer meeting to be held in the summer of 1937 due to the ex-
ceptional circumstances set out in the report of the Board of Cus-
todians.

The providing of a meeting, under these circumstances, in the
opinion of your Committee, is for the Grand Master to handle, in his
discretion, and if held, to be paid for out of the contingent fund in
the budget.

We, therefore, make no other provision for this matter.

DISTRICT DEPUTIES’ EXPENSES

As recommended by the Grand Master, and approved by the
Grand Lodge, providing that the District Deputies’ expenses shall
be paid, we have raised this item in the budget to $1,000.00.

INTEREST OF DELINQUENT DUES

The Grand Master recommends that the charging of interest
on delinquent dues to the Grand Lodge be discontinued, but the
amount already paid by the lodges be not repaid but apply on fur-
ther payments to the Grand Lodge.

From the audit of the Grand Lodge, we learn that the total
amount of interest received during the year 1936 from delinquent
lodges was $116.69. This is not a large sum which would break a
local lodge or impair the Grand Lodge appropriation to the insti-
tutions.

It is the judgment of your Committee that further study should

106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

be given to this question and we, therefore, recommend that the
same.be referred to the Lodge Service Commission to report to

the Grand Lodge of 1938.
LODGES APPLYING FOR REFUNDS
There were two applications from lodges for refunds of inter-
est paid or charged, namely:

Luke MeGlaughan, No. 504__--------------------- $ 8.25

Corinthian Lodge, No. 230_---------------------- 32.16

There was also the application of the Bakersville Lodge, No
357, asking for the reduction of their dues arrearages of $177.8:
due to their membership having dwindled to what it was four year:
ago, at the beginning of the depression.

Also, there was the application of Bald Creek Lodge, No. 397
asking that it be given credit of one-half of their per capita ta:
for 1923 of $463.50, because their charter had been suspended b;
Grand Master H. M. Poteat, for cause and then restored.

As these four involve matters of policy, which under the Gran:
Lodge order is being handled by the Lodge Service Commission, anı
to which the Grand Master's recommendations in regard to interes
has been referred, we recommend that these four appeals be re
ferred to the Lodge Service Commission, and they are within it
jurisdiction.

BUDGET

In preparing the budget we recognized that the appropriation
in heading (A) Oxford Orphanage, Masonic Home, Charity an
Education, (B) Salaries and (C) Masonic Dues, are expected to b
for the full amount, while the appropriations (D) Sundry Expens:
(E) Out of State Expense of Representatives, (F) Office E»
pense, Grand Secretary’s Office, (G) Estimated Annual Expense
and Summer Expense and (I) Miscellaneous, are authorizatior
to spend so much thereof as may be needed, and no more.

Furthermore, we recommend that the Grand Master authori:
and direct when the several appropriations shall be paid by tl
warrant of the Grand Secretary and, furthermore, that the Grar
Master have authority when he deems it advisable for the be
interest of the Grand Lodge, to suspend the allotment made to ar
committee, activity or agency.

Furthermore, we recommend that the Grand Master, when |
deems it for the good of the Grand Lodge, be authorized, upon wri
ten application being made to him, to give written authorizati
for this budget to be exceeded, or for any department agency :

TU incur any out of the ordinary expenses not herein provid:
or.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 107

Furthermore, whenever the Grand Lodge finances will permit,
we recommend the Grand Lodge authorize the anticipation of any
outstanding notes or obligations by payment before maturity.

ESTIMATED INCOME 1937

1. 27,088 Masons (9 $2.50---------------------------$67,720.00
2. Dues from prior venrg

8. 632 Initiates @ $1.00___--___---______________-___ 632.00
4. 682 Initiates (charity fee) @ $10.00... 6,320.00
5. Drewry Fund interest---------------------------- 1,500.00
6. Permanent Fund interest------------------------- 7,986.00
d Ge EE 45.00
8. 632 Educational Books (9 $1.00_------------------- 632.00
9, “Miscellaneous; 2.222 oo. eee eek le he ce ees 500.00

Including:

A. Interest on Arrears

B. Dimits
C. Dues Paid In Advance
D. All Other Receipts

TOTAL, sooner eee ee ess $85,335.00

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA
1937 BUDGET

A. OXFORD ORPHANAGE, MASONIC HOME AND CHARITY:

1. Oxford Orphanage ..... $50,000.00
Maintenance _________-_ $45,000.00
' Interest on Bldg. Debt ` 1,500.00
Payment on Debt — 3,500.00
2. Masonic and Eastern
Star Home ------------ 11,000.00
3. Charity 22.22.22 222 1,000.00
—— $62,000.00
B. SALARIES:
1. Grand Secretary _---------------- $ 3,600.00
2. Grand Treasurer ................- 100.00
8. Grand Tiler _.._.-....---_.-..~.=- 100.00
4. Foreign Correspondent ------------ 300.00
5. Clerical Help (Grand Secretary)... 1,800.00
————— ——— $ 5,900.00
C. MASONIC DUES:
1. Masonic Service Association.......- $ 800.00
2. Grand Master's Conference 25.00
3. Grand Secretary’s Guild----------- 10.00

4. Masonic Relief Association. ; 100.00
3 $ 935.00

108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

D. SUNDRY EXPENSE: ,
Grand Master's Raxpnense $ 1,000.00

1.

2. Grand Secretary's Travel Expense.- 500.00

3. Grand Lecturers ...------------ --- 4,000.00

4. Auditing ----------------------- 100.00

5. Grand Historian .....------------ 100.00

6. Bonds sehen 125.00

7. Printing Proceedings -------------- 1,650.00

8. Sesqui-Centennial .....----------- 250.00

9. Masonic Education ......--------- . 200.00

10. Lodge Service Commission.....---- 1,000.00 ..

————— $ 9,525.00
E. EXPENSES REPRESENTATIVE OUTSIDE OF STATE:

1. Grand Master’s Conference—
Grand Master ____---------------- $ 50.00

2. Grand Master’s Conference—
Grand Secretary -.---------------- 50.00

3. Visit other Grand Lodges—
Grand Master _----------------=--- 75.00

4. Visit other Grand Lodges—
Grand Secretary -..--------------- 75.00 `

5. George Washington Memorial......- 50.00

6. Masonic Service Association... —— 30.00

$ 330.00
F. EXPENSE GRAND SECRETARY'S OFFICE:
1G EE $ 1,050.00
2. Office Expenses ------------------ 600.00

——— $ 1,650.00
G ANNUAL COMMUNICATION EXPENSE: . i

1. Expenses Grand Officers----------- $ 300.00
2. Expenses Past Grand Officers_____ ` 200.00.
3. Expenses District Deputy Grand
OR 500.00
4. Expenses Custodians and Lecturers_ 150.00
5. Expenses Others ----------------—- 50.00
6. Per Diem Credentials Committee___ 30.00
7, -Reportitig zi... sde 50.00
8. Past Grand Master's Jewel... 100.00
9. Past Grand Master's Apron... 50.00
) S $ 1,430.00
H. DISTRICT DEPUTY:
1. Visiting Lodges ___-______________ $ 1,000.00
————— . $ 1,000.00

I MISCELLANEOUS:
1. Contingent .... 2. LLL $ 1,000.00
2. Grand Master's Expense, additional. 2,115.96
$ 3,115.96

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 109

A. OXFORD ORPHANAGE, MASONIC HOME AND CHARITY: $62,000.00
B. “SAUARINSS nl. se eth ok ees -- - 5,900.00
©... MASONIC DUBS ® eege 935.00
D. SUNDRY, EXPENSE? ee ca 9,525.00
E. EXPENSES REPRESENTATIVE OUTSIDE OF STATE:......- 330.00
F. EXPENSE GRAND SECRETARY'S OFFICE:---------------- 1,650.00
G. ANNUAL COMMUNICATION EXPENSE:----------------- 1,430.00
H. SUMMER EXPENSE: ----------------------------—- 1,000.00
IL. MISCELLANBOUS? a.22222020222—cmess-cucseceec-euce 3,115.96
$85,885.96

Estimated Receipts ------------------------------ 85,335.00
Excess Appropriations over Receipts-------------- $ 550.96

Respectfully submitted,

ALEXANDER B, ANDREWS,
PETER T. WILSON,

Roy F. EBBS,

E. R. FORD,

JULIUS C. HoBBs,

Finance Committee.

The Jurisprudence Committee made the following re-
port, which was adopted.
To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

Your Committee on Masonic Jurisprudence respectfully sub-
mits the following report:

DECISIONS

1. We recommend that the Grand Lodge approve all of the

decisions of the Grand Master as reported by him.
ORDERS AND DISPENSATIONS

2. We approve all of the orders and dispensations as reported
by the Grand Master, and recommend that the Grand Lodge ap-
prove the same.

LODGE CHANGING MEETING PLACE
3. It appearing that Reg. 141 (page 59) of the Code has been
fully complied with in changing the meeting place of South Fork
Lodge, No. 462, from McAdenville, N. C., to Cramerton, N. C., and
that the Grand Master reports he has consented thereto, we recom-
mend that the Grand Lodge approve the same.

BONDING LODGE SECRETARIES AND TREASURERS

4. Your committee has carefully considered the Grand Mas-
ter’s recommendation with reference to the bonding of Secretaries

108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

D. SUNDRY EXPENSE: l
Grand Master's Expense----------- $ 1,000.00

1.
2. Grand Secretary's Travel Expense.- 500.00
3. Grand Lecturers --------------- --- 4,000.00
4. Auditing ---.-------------------- 700.00
5. Grand Historian ~---------------- 100.00
6. Bonds eideler EE 125.00
7. Printing Proceedings ...----------- 1,650.00
8. Sesqui-Centennial .....----------- 250.00
9. Masonic Education --------------- . 200.00 . ,
10. Lodge Service Commission.-...---- 1,000.00 ..
——— —— $ 9,525.00
E. EXPENSES REPRESENTATIVE OUTSIDE OF STATE:
1. Grand Master's Conference—
Grand Master .....-..---.-------- $ 50.00
2. Grand Master's Conference—
Grand Secretary ------------------ 50.00
3. Visit other Grand Lodges—
Grand Master .......-.-.--.------- 15.00
4. Visit other Grand Lodges— ;
Grand Secretary ------------------ 75.00 `
5. George Washington Memorial------- 50.00
6. Masonic Service Association-------- 30.00
$ 330.00
F. EXPENSE GRAND SECRETARY’S OFFICE:
d RENT (ee ee ee $ 1,050.00
2. Office Expenses ------------------ 600.00

——— $1,650.00
G. ANNUAL COMMUNICATION EXPENSE: . : i

1. Expenses Grand Officers----------- $ 300.00
2. Expenses Past Grand Officers_____ ' 200.00
8. Expenses District Deputy Grand

Masters eessen 500.00
4. Expenses Custodians and Lecturers- 150.00
5. Expenses Others _--__-__-_________ 50.00
6. Per Diem Credentials Committee___ 30.00
7. Reporting eessen 50.00
8. Past Grand Master's Jewel________ 100.00
9. Past Grand Master's Apron________ 50.00

- —— — — $ 1,430.00
H. DISTRICT DEPUTY:
1. Visiting Lodges __----__--________ $ 1,000.00
— — $ 1,000.00
I. MISCELLANEOUS:

1. Contingent ..... sona anaa $ 1,000.00
2. Grand Master’s Expense, additional_ 2,115.96

$ 3,115.96

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 109

A. OXFORD ORPHANAGE, MASONIC HOME AND CHARITY :_~-$62,000.00
B. SALARIES oo. Foe onde eoe dta -- .5,900.00
G. MASONIC DUBS? eege EE 935.00
D. ‘SUNDRY EXPENSE: z222--222z-ooseduec2cececemedüqu 9,525.00
E. EXPENSES REPRESENTATIVE OUTSIDE OF STATE:......- 330.00
F. EXPENSE GRAND SECRETARY'S OFFICE:---------------- 1,650.00
G. ANNUAL COMMUNICATION EXPENSE:----------------- 1,430.00
H. SUMMER EXPENSE: ------------------------------ 1,000.00
I. MISCELLANEOUS: .......-.- PEN seers ch crt Lag nD RANA 3,115.96
$85,885.96

Estimated Receipts ------------------------------ 85,335.00
Excess Appropriations over Receipts-------------- $ 550.96

Respectfully submitted,

ALEXANDER B. ANDREWS,
PETER T. WILSON,

Roy F. EBBS,

E. R. FORD,

JULIUS C. HOBBS,

Finance Committee.

The Jurisprudence Committee made the following re-
port, which was adopted.
To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of North Carolina:

Your Committee on Masonic Jurisprudence respectfully sub-
mits the following report:

DECISIONS

1. We recommend that the Grand Lodge approve all of the

decisions of the Grand Master as reported by him.
ORDERS AND DISPENSATIONS

2. We approve all of the orders and dispensations as reported
by the Grand Master, and recommend that the Grand Lodge ap-
prove the same.

LODGE CHANGING MEETING PLACE

3. It appearing that Reg. 141 (page 59) of the Code has been
fully complied with in changing the meeting place of South Fork
Lodge, No. 462, from McAdenville, N. C., to Cramerton, N. C., and
that the Grand Master reports he has consented thereto, we recom-
mend that the Grand Lodge approve the same.

BONDING LODGE SECRETARIES AND TREASURERS

4. Your committee has carefully considered the Grand Mas-
ter’s recommendation with reference to the bonding of Secretaries

110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

and Treasurers of subordinate lodges. -While we recognize the
merit of this recommendation, we believe that it would be imprac-
ticable at this time for the Grand Lodge to enact legislation making
it mandatory that these officers be bonded. We recommend that
lodges be urged to place their fiscal officers under bond, and that
the incoming Grand Master investigate the matter further and
make suitable recommendations at the Annual Communication in

1938. à

I

AUDIT REPORTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF LODGES

5. We approve the recommendation of the Grand Master rela-
ting to this subject, and we propose and recommend the adoption of
the following Regulation:

Reg. 275. Each subordinate lodge shall be required to audit
the books and records of the Secretary and Treasurer at the end
of each calendar year, and the Secretary shall forward with the
annual returns to the Grand Secretary a certified copy of such audit,
together with a financial statement on such form as may be re-:
quired by the Grand Secretary—showing the assets and liabilities
of the lodge.

- (Annotate to Sec. 99, page 54, of the Code).

LIFE MEMBERSHIP

6, As recommended by the Grand Master in his address your
committee has given careful consideration to the subject of Life
Membership in our subordinate lodges. After hearing the brethren
who came before us to present their views and to give us the benefit
of their investigation and experience on this important subject,
your committee unanimously recommends that the Grand Lodge
adopt the following as a regulation governing Life Memberships in
our lodges:

Reg. 276. Life Membership. No lodge shall hereafter create a
Life Member merely for continuous membership in Masonry for
any number of years. A lodge may make a member a Life Member
for meritorious service to Masonry, but the lodge shall not be
exempt from the payment of dues and assessments to the Grand
Lodge on Life Members. A proposal for Life Membership shall be
in writing, recommended by at least three members of the Lodge and
read at a stated communication; it need not be referred to a com-
mittee and it shall not be ballotted on within twenty-eight days
after such proposal has been presented and read to the lodge. Elec-

tion to Life Membership shall be by a secret and unanimous ballot
at a stated communication.

(Annotate to Sec. 100, page 55, of the Code).

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 111

LOTTERIES AND GAMING DEVICES

7. Your committee heartily approves the action of the Grand
Master on this subject, as his address will disclose, and we con-
gratulate him on the excellent manner in which he handled the
problem then before him. No further legislation is needed at this
SC as the subject is fully covered by Reg. 101, page 51, of the

ode.

LODGE SERVICE COMMISSION

8. We recommend that the Grand Lodge approve the recom-
mendation of the Grand Master that the Lodge Service Commission
be continued for another year, and we further recommend that all
of the provisions of the report of the Jurisprudence Committee,
under the heading “LODGE SERVICE COMMISSION" recorded at
page 122 of the proceedings for 1936 as item No. 13 of that report,
be re-enacted and be continued in full force and effect until the An-
nual Communication for 1938.

HONORARY MEMBERSHIP

9. Your committee recommends that the resolution presented
at the first session of this Annual Communication concerning hon-
orary membership be not adopted but that the following Regulation
be adopted instead:

Reg. 277. Honorary Membership. Definition—Honorary mem-
bership in a lodge depends entirely on continuous active member-
ship in some other Lodge. It confers no powers, rights or privi-
leges in the Lodge wherein it is conferred like those of active or
full membership. It imposes no duties; is not liable to dues or
assessments either to the Lodge or to the Grand Lodge; confers no
right to vote or hold office in the Lodge and is neither Dual nor
Plural membership.

Restrictions: A member of a subordinate Lodge in North Caro-
lina may not accept honorary membership in any Grand Jurisdic-
tion which permits such membership therein to have or exercise
greater powers, duties or privileges than those described in this
Regulation, or which imposes duties or financial obligations on
such membership.

A member of a subordinate Lodge of another Grand Jurisdic-
tion which does not permit honorary membership therein may not
acquire honorary membership in this Grand Jurisdiction.

How Acquired: Any Lodge at a stated communication, and by
unanimous secret ballot as provided in Sec. 125 and Sec. 126, upon
a written proposal signed by at least three members of the Lodge
and received at a previous stated communication not less than
twenty-eight days before such ballot, may confer honorary mem-
bership upon any Past Master who, at that time shall be a member

D

112 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

in good standing of a duly recognized Lodge. Such proposal shall
be subject to the provisions of Sec. 120, but no reference to a com-
mittee of investigation shall be necessary. :

Any number of Lodges may confer honorary membership on
the same individual.

How Terminated: An honorary member of a Lodge in this
Grand Jurisdiction who, by any means, ceases to be continuqisly
an active member of some Lodge, ipso facto loses his honorary
membership in all Lodges in North Carolina, which is not restored
by a restoration of his active membership.

An honorary membership may be terminated, for good cause, |
by a vote of three-fourths of the members present and voting by
written ballot, at a stated communication, notice of such proposed
action having been given in open Lodge at a stated communication
not less than twenty-eight days before such vote, and at least ten
days written notice by mail of such intended action having been
given to such honorary member.

Termination of an honorary membership in any Lodge in
this Grand Jurisdiction, for any cause, automatically terminates
honorary membership held by that individual in all other Lodges
in North Carolina. ;

Reports: Each subordinate Lodge shall make such reports
conċerning honorary membership as may be required by the Grand
Secretary.

Dues and Per Capita Tax: Honorary membership in Lodges
in this Grand Jurisdiction shall not be liable for per capita tax,
dues or assessments, to either the subordinate Lodges or to the
Grand Lodge. e

(Annotate to Sec. 94, page 52, of the Code.)

FOREIGN GRAND LODGES RECOGNIZED

10. We recommend the adoption of the following resolution to
carry out the recommendation of the Committee on Foreign Cor-
respondence:

“Resolved, That the following Masonic Bodies be recognized as
sovereign and independent and regular Grand Lodges, and that
fraternal relations be established with each, with exchange of
Grand Representatives:

1. The Grand Lodge of the State of Chihuahua, Mexico.

2. The Grand Lodge of the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico.

3. The Grand Lodge of the State of Vera Cruz, Mexico.

4. The Grand Lodge of the State of Chiapas, Mexico.

CHARTERS ARRESTED

11. Your committee recommends that the Grand Lodge ap-
prove the action of the Grand Master in arresting the craters

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 113

of Ivy Lodge, No. 406, and Oak Grove Lodge, No 557, as shown
in the report of the Grand Secretary.

"^ PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE CODE NOT APPROVED

12. (a) The following amendments to Sec. 101 of the Code
was duly submitted to the 1936 Annual Communication of this
Grand Lodge (Proceedings 1936, at page 102 and 122). The same
having remained in the hands of the Jurisprudence Committee as
provided in Chapter XXX of the Code, your committee after care-
ful consideration, recommends that it be not adopted:

*Amend Grand Lodge Constitution. Chapter XII, Section No.
101. Insert therein at proper places following permission: “...or
by ordinary first class mail with postoffice receipt form No. 3817
as proof of mailing in each case..."

(B) The amendment to Chapter II of the Code as submitted
to the 1936 Annual Communication (see 1936 proceedings pages 79
and 122 et seq), has been carefully considered by your committee.

Note: At this point in the reading of the report of the Juris-
prudence Committee upon the motion of M.'.W.'.Herbert C. Alex-
ander, P. G. M., duly adopted, the proposed amendment to Chapter
II of the Code was withdrawn from further consideration by the
Jurisprudence Committee and committed to the Code Commission;
therefore no further report was made by the Jurisprudence Com-
mittee as to this amendment —CHaASs. B. NEWCOMB, Chairman, Ju-
risprudence Committee.)

Respectfully submitted,

Cuas. B. Newcome, P. G. M.,
Acting Chairman.
J. WALLACE WINBORNE, P. G. M.
EpGAR W. TIMBERLAKE, P. G. M.
FRANCIS D. WINSTON, P. G. M.
LUTHER T. HARTSELL, JR.
THOMAS J. HARKINS, S. G. D.
JAMES E. SHIPMAN, G. Marshal
JAMES W. PAYNE, G. Steward
HERBERT M. Foy, D. D. G. M.
JOHN S. McEAcHERN, D. D. G. M
WaTSON N. SHERROD, D. G. M.
Harry T. PATERSON, S. G. W.
J. EDWARD ALLEN, J. G. W.

The Governor of North Carolina, Brother Clyde R.
Hoey, entered and was escorted to the East where he
briefly addressed the Grand Lodge.

114 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

The Masonic Temple Committee (as shown in the list
of Committees) was announced and approved.

The Grand Master-elect announced his appointments
and the following officers were installed :

Grand Master, WATSON N. SHERROD------------ Enfield
Deputy Grand Master, HARRY T. PATERSON. Wilmington
Senior Grand Warden, J. EDWARD ALLEN. —— Warrenton
Junior Grand Warden, THOMAS J. HARKINS. . Asheville
Grand Treasurer, HERBERT C. ALEXANDER. —— Charlotte
Grand Secretary, JOHN H. ANDERSON---------- Raleigh
Grand Lecturer, Z. V. SNIPES__------------------ Dunn
Senior Grand Deacon, CHARLES P. ELDRIDGE. ---—- Raleigh
Junior Grand Deacon, JAMES E. SHIPMAN. Hendersonville
Grand Marshal, JAMES W. PAYNE------------- Salisbury
Grand Steward, JULIUS C. HOBBS----------- Wilmington
Grand Steward, CLYDE H. JARRETT------------ Andrews
Grand Tiler, W. D. TERRY. eessen Raleigh
The following appointments were made:
Grand Chaplain, HENRY B. ANDERSON__________ Durham
Grand Auditor, K. W. PARHAM________________ Raleigh
Grand Orator, BEN W. PARHAM________________ Oxford
Foreign Correspondent, J. EDWARD ALLEN... Warrenton
Board of General Purposes, R. C. DUNN... Enfield

Board of Custodians, J. E. SHIPMAN_____ Hendersonville

ASSISTANT GRAND LECTURERS
P. C. Stott J. W. Patton J. F. Marquette W. D. Wilder

A Past Master's jewel was presented to the retiring

Grand Master J. Giles Hudson, by P.'.G.'.M.'.Edgar W.
Timberlake.

A Grand Master's apron was presented to Grand Mas-
ter Sherrod by P.'.G.'.M.'.J. Wallace Winborne.

The appointment of W. R. Smith as Assistant Grand
Secretary was made by the Grand Secretary.

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 115

There being no further business the minutes were
read and approved and the Grand Lodge closed in ample
form.

The benediction was pronounced by the Governor.

Grand Master.

ATTEST:

thu E beso

Grand Secretary.

116 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

SPECIAL COMMUNICATION

Winston-Salem, N. C., February 23, 1937.

A special communication of the Grand Lodge of N. C.
was held in the lodge room at Winston-Salem on Febru-
ary 23, 1937, at 2:30 o’clock.

There were present:

M..W.'.P. T. WirsoN, P. G. M. (167) as---------- Grand. Master
R.-'.W-'.C. K. PROCTOR (40) as -------------- Deputy Grand Master
R.'.W-'J. F. MARQUETTE (487) as Senior Grand. Warden
D AW. DW. HoLcoMB (167) as Junior Grand Warden
BAH C. ALEXANDER (31) ------------------ Grand Treasurer
BW WR SMITH (500) ------------ Assistant Grand Secretary
WW A. NEWELL (576) ----------------------- Grand Chaplain
WS N; Boyce (369) as ---tcnsscnonn Grand Lecturer
WR D. PARNELL (167) as Senior Grand Deacon
WA E. MCELVEEN (289) as Junior Grand Deacon
WS BE. MADERY (167) n8... 322.222 aeecencsase Grand Marshal
Wal, W. PAYNE (DAS)... ——i-2--2z22222----2 Grand Steward
WD M. BRANDON (289) as Grand, Steward
WC Wi Do TERRY (218)... 2.222222. 2.225222 Grand Tiler

and 70 other Brothers.

The Grand Lodge was opened in ample form and the
Grand Master announced the special communication was
called for the purpose of attending the funeral of Past
Grand Master Leon Cash.

The usual Masonic ceremony was held in the lodge
room after which the Marshal formed the procession and
the Grand Lodge proceeded to the Centenary Methodist
Church where the church services were held.

The Grand Lodge then escorted the body of our de-
ceased Brother to Salem Cemetery where it was interred
with the Ancient Ritualistic Honors of the Craft.

The Grand Lodge then returned to the Lodge Room.

The following were appointed a Committee to draft
suitable resolutions to be presented at the next communi-
cation of the Grand Lodge: Rev. and W.'.Bro. W. A.
Newell, M.'.W.'.P. T. Wilson, W.'.S. N. Boyce.

The minutes were read and approved and the Grand
Lodge closed in ample form.

P. T. WILSON, as Grand. Master.
ATTEST: W. R. SMITH, Asst. Grand Secretary.

Statistics

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

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124 PROCEEDINGS OF THE...

GRAND SECRETARIES FOREIGN GRAND LODGES

Alberta..--.---------------------- J. W. H. Kemmis------------------- Calgary
Alpino, Switzerland..------------. Anola Wirth..--------------------.- „Basle
British Columbia.

Brazil, Bahia___------------------! C lemente Silva.
Brazil, Minas Gereas

Brazil, Para.......-

Brazil, Parahyba.....

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.

Brazil, San Paulo.

Bulgaria..........-..------

el, ET, ——— ———

OHill eu cnlcessecdewosRMesccunue Rudolfo Castro Oliveira........... "Santiago
Colombia, Bogot&.......--------- Carlos Saul Hernandez.........-...- Bogota
Colombia, Barranquilla.........- Jose M. Barros.......-.---.... Barranquilla
Colombia, Cartagena.........---- Andrews J. Valverde R...........Cartegena
Czecho Slovakia..........-.------ Dr. J. K0s6...----..---------------.. Prague
Costa: RicnR.......--------ec e erum Geo. F. A. Bowden...............- San Jose
Cuba. Gonzalo Garcia Pedroso Havana
Cuscatlan of Salvador i

Ecuador

England-

G. O. of Turkey..............-.-- Dr. Muhittin Celal

G. L. Les. Zu den Drei Ringen...Ernst Klatcher.....................- ‘Prague
HOndul88...- c csceemo ditia Constantino S. Bamos Tegucigalpa
Ireland. 2-2 veces eee em co eec H. O. Shellard.........-.....-......-. Dublin

Jugo Slavia.. cocer ec eee me eem Anton Schokortaz..............--- Belgrade
Manitoba... .lccclle----sancre J. H. G. Russell.................- Winnipeg
Mexico, Ben. Juarez of Coahuila. .Enrique Machado ----------------- Coahuila
Mexico, Del Pacifico............. Alonzo Castanedo................-. Guaymas
Mexico, La Orien. Penin. Yucatan..Narciao Fernandez B..............- Meridia
Mexico, El Potasi of San Luis...... Juan S. Juarez............ San Louis,Potasi
Mexico, Valle de................. José Prieto... ocancccc emm Mexico City
Mexico, York G. L._-----.-------.- Fred T. Berger...............- Mexico City
National of Denmark Alex. Troedsson---------------- Copenhagen
National of Egypt................ Abd El Meguid Youncs.........-.....- Cairo

National of France W. J. Coombes------------------------Paris
NICBT8gSUSR. cerle emen) Antonio Ortega B................- Managua
New PDrunswick. J. Twining Hartt------------------ St. John
New South Wales David Cunningham................- Sydney
New Zealand....................- H- AS Lamb... -2leese-e erem Wellington
REIMEN Eivend Lowig Hansen. Oslo

Norway, G.L. Norse. Polarstjernen Byarne Rossvol

Panama,
Paraguay
Peru... ere
Philippine Island
Poland..........
Porto Rico
Prince Edward Island
Quebec
Queensland
Republic of Guatemala.
Roumania........ LLL LLL Lllll- Emile I. Papninig Bucharest
Baskatcheuwan. LL LLL c css. W: B. Tato eure acuscsceccutasceute Regina
Bcotlang. c c LLL c ccc Thos. G. Winning..............- Edinburgh
South Australia... SS
D --.Miguel G. Alburich. Barcelona
nge OG wisen Stockholm
Walter H. Strutt Hobart
Julio V. Iturbide............... Montevidio
Carlos V. Espinoza. .......- PPM US Chacon
William Gtewart Melbourne
ae U a TCT: a sert cewxn Vienna

125

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138

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

ABSTRACT OF RETURNS FROM SUBORDINATE LODGES
For Year Ending December 31st, 1936

1—ELIZABETH CITY DISTRICT—Camden, Currituck, Dare, Pas-
quotank and Perquimans Counties and part of Gates

Name of Lodge
and County

Hail, Currituck
Widow’s Son, Camden
Perquimans, Perquimans
Gatesville, Gates
Atlantic, Currituck
New Lebanon, Camden
Eureka, Pasquotank

Currituck, Currituck

Wanchese, Dare

OK
ka 3*9 La
OEB
S|o|9|4|7|' 39
813/4/3)8)]8] a) 2
Sisis/S/35/8\%l a
ziH|m|m|cx|miHI|o
a et 53| 2
EH 15]...
Sitios 106]...
pes 126| 8
1
3
3
ES 2

Withdrawn

H

Si
ao) &
a a
alte, €
$|o2 89
8/29 Gal
u| S| BHEjàg
$9|v|9?5 go
Alm|sa a5

Decrease

2—WINDSOR DISTRICT—Bertie, Chowan,

Bertie

| 19| 19| 17

Charity, Bertie ................- TR es ose Tende 4| 2| 2]...| 94| 86| 8]...
Unanimity, Chowan ...........- )j à ash x 2 BI lgl ess UU... "6| 79|...| 3
Davie, Bertie .......... eee 39| 2| 2| 2|.. 1| 1| 2|...| 53) 51) 2|...
Skewarkee, Martin .............. 90] 6) 6| 5| 1| 1J...]...]..- 1| 1) 90| 96)...] 6
Coleraine, Bertie ................ AT. les len else ell vele esalszesl 29]. 28] ebe

Wiccacon, Hertford .... ........ 240 E sje lies] sace | ee ae 3|...| 32| 29| 3|..
Stonewall, Martin .............. 296|.. ol -H 3| 1| 3j...| oi 61| 6|...
Winton, Hertford .............. 3271 cic: Án DEE avus 1].:..| 22| 22|...|...
Conoho, Martin ................ 399|...]. TIPP PPM T 1|...| 30| 29 i
Luke McGlaughan, Hertford....| 504|...|... orbe 1|. 1| 1]...|...| 44| 43| 1|...
Aulender, Bertie osier eee 516| 2| 3| 2 qoa 1|...]--« | -2| 26) 27|...| 1
11| 11| 10] 3| 5]|...| 10] 5| 14| 3| 562| 551| 11)...

3—PLYMOUTH DISTRICT—Beaufort, Hyde, and Washington Counties
Perseverance, Washington ...... 59| 5| 4| 2| 1| 2|.. 1| 2]. 84| 86]... 2
Orr, Beaufort ......- 0 non? 4| 4| 4| 5]...]...].-.] 3| 2| 179| 185 ui 6
Atlantic, Hyde NEEN E 5| 4| 5|...]...]--. |» e] e 5|...| 36| 36)...]...
Aurora, Beaufort ............... 2| 2| 2j...|...|-..|--- 1b o id.| 37| 37 ms
Mattamuskeet, Hyde Ve P seele el sel ee 1| 1). 47| 45| 2j...
Belhaven, Beaufort ... ee) H sees « AL lee 78| "9|...| 1
Fairfield, Hyde A] -A lach vel ess] nes 1|. 25| 27|...| 2
Richland, Beaufort .............. i| 1| 1 5 zl H, 1|.. 23 a 1|...
| 18| 19| 19| 6| 2].. 1| 4| 14| 2| 514| 522|...| 8
4—HALIFAX DISTRICT—Halifax and Northampton Counties
and part of Hertford County

Royal White Hart, Halifax...... ite ee: ese] 1| 30| 32]...| 2
American George, Hertford...... | 1 d d 2: selen la 2|... Se 33| 33|...]...

King Solomon, Northampton..... | :96[4..] desee] ele djs] face] DÉI 66) 2|..

Roanoke, Halifax ............... | 203| "Jg i 14] Blas ai 59| 56| 3|..

Seaboard, Northampton ........ | 98|. ...|-. [|o [e else la gl 1j...| 52| 51) 1j.
Potecasi, Northampton ......... 418! 3| 2| d AË E WE E Faal T3 "ees
Enfield. Halifax ................ 447| 4| 4| 4| 6l BM 2| 2|...|...| 124] 132]...| 8
Rich Square, Northampton...... KH | 52s [ 5a DH o] ene e 4| 1)...] 54| 49| 5l...
Widow's Son, Halifax........... | 519 ée we D "Se 5| 3|...| 85] "8| "I...
Pendleton, Northampton ........ | 524] 3| 2| 2| 1|...|]...]...]...]-..|--.| 49] 52|...| 3
14| 11] 11] 8| 5|...| 5| 13| 11| 1| 616] 611| 5]...

GRAND LODGE OF NoRTH CAROLINA

139

Abstract of Returns From Subordinate’ Lodges—(Continued)

5—GREENVILLE DISTRICT—Pitt County

H
| | :
! DÉI a
ai Lei SEI g
Name of Lodge "EE [3| $|8 z|$s.g|s|sg
and County i $75121!2|2|!8 8 .|s 3883|8|g
8ISI2|3. 8 SI&IRISIE 2|Es|28 5] &
3|lais|s|le S|x|3ig|z sS|S5|jaS 2] 2
a A5|&|m 4|m|& a B | Ale xà EAS
Grifton, Pitt eee Sebaa Lasel 2) A A] A DÉI DÉI 4[...
Greenville, Pitt 6| "| "| 6| 2|...]... 1| 2]...| 165| 17'7|]...| 12
Grimesland, Pitt v» [veo sols 4| UU... 53] 4"| 6|...
Ayden, Pitt .....2. eren sse wiele n [nn oos aco ce FA E > od [s exp
Farmville, Pitt 2| 2| 2l...!. 1|. 1|...| 86| 86)...]...
Bethel, Pitt: — ausser ët ee ée 589| 6| 6| 6| 1|...]...]...[..-[..- 1| 62| 69 | 7
14| 15| 15] 7| 2|...| "| 3| 5| 5| 475| 484)...] 9
6—KINSTON DISTRICT—Greene, Lenoir and Wayne Counties
and part of Johnston County
St. John's, Lenoir......... qoe 4| 2| 2| 2| 2| 23) 1|...| 1| 1[...| 102) 126|...| 24
Jerusalem, Green essel] Usel 21| 20| 1...
Wayne, Wayne . | 4 3 2|...| 145] 154]...] 9
Radiance, Greene | AË 43| 43|...|]...
Mount Olive, Wayne............ Tl. 56| 52] 4j...
Lenoir, Lenoir .............. scias stes] 33| 33|...|...
Pleasant Hill, Lenoir sn | ces essi 30| 30|...]...
Harmony, Wayne .......... 2|. 35| 37...| 2
Home, Wayne ......... s. 4|. 27| 26| 1|...
St. Patrick's, Johnston Sela 14| 14|...|.
Goldsboro, Wayne .. 1|. 131| 130] 1]...
13] 21] 10| 32 13|...| 637| 665 28
7—NEW BERN DISTRICT—Carteret, Craven and Pamlico Counties
St, John's, Craven... eee 4| 4| 3 | 5| 2| 1| 1| 93| 88| 5]...
Franklin, Carteret .............. | 3 .| 1| 1j...| 88| 89|...| 1
Bayboro, Pamlico ............... 4| 4 vele sales gl T) KBL wl 5
Mount Vernon, Pamlico 3| 2| 3|...| 1|...]...]... 1|...| 37| 40|...] 3
Ocean, Carteret ........... 2| 1 2| 2| 1| 1| 91| 88| 3|...
Vanceboro, Craven ........ 2| 3 4|...| 2| 1| 49| 4"7| 2|...
Rainbow, Pamlico .............. sl Za St, sl vilesa] 16] 3| 3|...
Dorie, Craven ...... eres 8| "| 5]...|] 3]|...]..- 1| 2| 7| 254| 259|]...| 5
Ionlo, Or&yen. eu Ee knit 2l zs [consta] em] xem H ebe, el Sch, SE 1j.
27j 25| 21) 1| "|...| 14| "7| 8| 10 734| 734|.
8—JACKSONVILLE DISTRICT—Jones and Onslow Counties
Zions JONER um Shap AAA E 3 ND Se) E Soo] tes) 2] Web
LaFayette, Onslow sis [occ iac 2|.. sos e| 2|...
Pollocksville, Jones Ales wech 2
Sea Side, Onslow Ls e| X
Richlands, Onslow LU, 3s s
Shi 3|..
9—CLINTON DISTRICT—Duplin
St. John's, Duplin............... ..| 14
Hiram, Sampson ............... x d
Mill Creek, Sampson 4j...
Mingo, Sampson .......... 2]...
Rehoboth, Duplin ......... salis inl tetas
Coharie, Sampson ............... a aalt Ab
Roseboro, Sampson ............. 8 ER
Wallace, Duplin ................ s dosis
Beulaville, Duplin .............. ex [fosa wali id
Garland, Sampson .............. E exte es 4|...
27| 25| 18| ...] "| 4] 13| 2| 555] 562 7

140

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Abstract of Returns From Subordinate Lodges—(Continued)

10—WILMINGTON DISTRICT—Brunswick, Columbus, New Hanover
and Pender Counties

8
= ale SC 8
Name of Lodge 3 Blizigisle| lz Bual Plg lo
o E) E)
and County ES AFERE SS iilii S
gI[3|2|2 8 8)a] a s/s; ass 518
= le D En bai ^ w |o o o
£|8|& &|a|S d |a|5 Ala zalias] |a
St.. John's, New Hanover 9| 9|.9| 10| 2|...| 12| 3| "[...| 437| 436) 1|...
King Solomon, Pender SL, 3 cSbveivesiveeebess "len g ee) 19] 71815]...
Fair Bluff, Columbus ss [ote [ute o] evo rn e [onn sesdza el H Bl) 3|
Lebanon, Columbus ......... i| dp 3] ddessleesess| L| Bhae] WU WO)! allan
Pythagoras, Brunswick ..... ...1 249] 3| 2| 3|...| 2|]...| 1f...|...| 1| 101[ 105]...| 4
Wilmington, New Hanover....... 319| 4| 4| 4| 2| 3).. 1| 3|...| 164| 169]...| 5
Orient, New Hanover 2| 1| 1| 1| 2|. 3| 3|...|...| 153| 151| 2]...
Tabor, Columbus ........ Slcss oce]: Mates [au 2| 2]|...|]...| 55| 63] 2|...
Waccamaw, Columbus 3l 21 S ARS 1.5.4 Asrai 40) “SBP 2l...
Chadbourn, Columbus L| ` Xserve | | 3]...| 1]...| 49| 45| 4|...
Atkinson, Pender ............... ese | roce] eec || e v] ica e o at A ome [ie 30| 28| 2|..
| 27 24| 22 16| 9|. 22| 13| 15| 2|1227|1224| 3|..
11—LUMBERTON DISTRICT—Bladen and Robeson Counties
St. Albans, Robeson............+- 114 6| 3| 3| 1| 1|...| 6| 3| 3| 1| 174| 167| 7|..
King Solomon, Robeson.... B18) glas d [enis] enn S EP PA P 24| 24|...|...
Rowland, Robeson ........ 335]...|...|]...| 1|...]|--.|*-.]* ele 25| 26|...|...
Maxton, Robeson 417|...] 1| I|...| be Sess 56| 55| 1|...
St. Paul's, Robeson... 414|.. 1. ee een lH 1 41| 38| 3|...
Red Springs, Robeson............ 501 8| 8| 8| 1j...]. Loss | as [s 53| 61|...| 8
Fairmont, Robeson .............. U ls Sale deal ale ze S.A 35| 33) 2|...
Parkton, Robeson ......... 2| - EE Perey |i 29 e| me 1| 2|. 28| 30]...| 2
Proctorville, Robeson O TN wom) ase sagihene| een) cab xau 21| 26) 1)...
Bladen, Bladen ............ sar sdb Xp] deeem pee ace po 34| 36|...| 2
17| 16| 15| 3| 6|...| 10| 8| "| 1| 497| 496| 1|...

King Solomon, No. 313, no report

12—ROCKINGHAM DISTRICT—Hoke, Richmond and Scotland Counties
and part of Moore County

Laurinburg, Scotland
Hoke; ‘Hoke’ us Ed dd wears
Southern Pines, Moore
Rockingham, Richmond
Hamlet, Richmond .............
Roman Eagle, Moore..
Elberta, Moore

305 1| 2| 3|...| 2|.
|306| 2| 1| 1| 2| 1|
| 484]. ..]...]... | 3| 1|
|495| 2| 2| a.

2| 2|

| «|

|

|

KC Me M

2| 8| 1
a NEIE
i 1| 1.
10} i| 1|.
ell är 2
| a

2| 106| 100| 6]...
59| 60|...| 1

..| 86| 89]...| 3
77| 68| 9]...

| 159| 153| 6]...
...| 48| 46| 2]...
ad A0 425.[ 1

13—SANFORD DISTRICT—Chatham and Lee Counties and part of

Moore County

Columbus, Chatham ............ Toss pec ess been 7 m
Mount Vernon, Chatham........ | TA 1| 1 al, ` il: oss d | e PATER a
Sanford, Lee |... 151| 5| 4| 4| 12| 16]...|...| 3| 5|...| 180| 204|...| 24
DIT Sp PASADA |172| 2| 2| 2| 2| 3..| 1| 1| 1l...| gol 84l...| 4
George Washington, Chatham...| 174]... sreli ene heels zks el [s.p ap i| Des.
Carthave, Moore mu... lu. LIA. LI aal Aéi 3l...
Siler City, Chatham | 403 3| 3| 2| Al ; Ia. loi 95|...| 3
Gulf, Chatham | 465]. ..|... ERIE | 1| i| 28) 27| 1j...
Elise, Moore ...... ... SE | 555] 1| 1| au Lt. | oi 45|...| 3

| 12] 11| 12) 21] 20...| i| 8| 15| 1| 634| 663|...| 29

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 141

Abstract of Returns From Subordinate Lodges—(Continued)
14—FAYETTEVILLE DISTRICT—Cumberland and Harnett Counties

and part of Johnston County

| H
aS! a
Ki al E ‘am 2
Name of Lodge TE AEETI ulta 5 ale
and County 3 3|l2|97]|3/2 3| sls $|38|g8 83|4
8|8|8|5|E|8|B|2 S iz|2|8528 5]
S13 Kik SECH AEN o
z \A| aja) <| |A a a a |Salas|a| S
Phoenix, Cumberland 8 9 176| 176
Fellowship, Johnston 84 | 74] 71) 3
Palmyra, Harnett ...... sec) LET | 184] 151) 3
Lillington, Harnett ....... zs «| 302| css [sve 54| 52| 2
Lebanon, Cumberland Jaisi S91 37| 32| 5
Relief, Johnston ................ 431 ae 55| 55].
Mill Creek, Johnston............ ABO]. s ss sme len 10| 11 1
Neil S. Stewart, Harnett......... 556 66| 63| 3
Black River, Harnett............ 652|... 19| 19|
Fort Bragg, Cumberland........ 667| 64| 62| 2
5| 709| 692| 17

Black River, No. 652, No Report

15—RALEIGH DISTRICT—Wake County, and part of Johnston County

Hiram, Wake 8| 7 A 6| 1j 265| 263 2|...
Neuse, Wake eg ves] 2] 4 1|...| 48] 53|...|] 5
Holly Springs, Wake............ 3| 2| 2 2 29| 28| 1
White Stone, 1| 1| 1 2 49| 49
Rolesville, Wake 1 23| 23
Archer, Johnston rS 33| 34 1
Granite, Johnston es? reet e venons S 27| 29 2
Cary, Wake ...........seeeeeee 2|...|---]- 2 48| 45| 3|..
Wm. G. Hill, Wake.............. T aha 7| 2| 432| 416| 16|..
Wm. T. Bain, Wake 1|. sie don al". 25. 23| 2]|..
Fuquay, Wake 1| zs cs reco ine |... "8| 77| 1ļ..
Green Level, Wake.............| 21]...]...]...]--- P SS 0. 2 47| 46) 1l...
Wake Forest, 2 Ph 3|. "0| "O|...]..
Raleigh, Wake ond es H SL. 9| 3|] 160] 148]. 21.
Wendell Wake ............... 2| ja 3|]...| 2|...| "0| 68| 2|..
Apex, Wake E nis depen: 4|...]...]...|] 51| 48| 3J..
Zebulon, Wake ............ Toce lese esed sae) res |a cu] SÉ 435]. “Slices
26| 33| 11| 12]...| 41| 13| 30| 3|1483|1455| 28]...

16th DISTRICT Eliminated
17—WILSON DISTRICT—Wilson County and parts of Nash and

Johnston Counties

Joseph Warren, Wilson......... | 92; 4| 4| 4| 1| 2|...| 1| 4| 3| 1| 75| 74) 1
Mount Lebanon, Wilson......... pir...| i| 2| 1| 1|...| 8| 3| 4| 1| 176) 165| 11
Kenly, Johnston `... | 257 S ai | eb o3phe[ee[e 4| 47| 46[ 1
Hatcher, Wilson .............- | 310]...|...].. E En 2 ll 32| 31| 1
Selma, Johnston |---| «| 3]...| 65| 65)...].
Rockville, Nash | ede] 2]...| 64) 65]...] 1
Rodgers, Nash sa [ie s] w| 1| 1| 40| 36| 4|.
Lucama, Wilson E e S | al 2].. 36| 34| 2|.
Mount Pleasant, Nash.......... | 569] 1| 2| 2| 1| 1p...]...] 1|. 12| 15 3
6| 8| 10| 6| 8[|...| 12| 8| 20; 3| 547| 531| 16

142 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Abstract of Returns From Subordinate Lodges—(Continued)

18—ROCKY MOUNT DISTRICT—Edgecombe: County and part of
Nash County

< —_

m
3
aoj a
PIEPEHHBEMEAKIP
of Lodge E 49 4s Sei, E
Nand County ijizuiiiii.iiiBi
T a uU lh
Slain 4|g|/eo|Z|9|zio9|99 $ P
o| a| x A| o
e\alelels|al|ala|Elala lsajasials
——— M — eT a a E TT DE EES DT ES EE CT EE CH ER md
Concord, Edgecombe LL ZL, sel e vele as [ers] 88) SL] HI e
Morning Star, Nash..... ..| 85] 2| 2| 2]...] 1]...] "J...]...]--- "3| 69| 4|...
Central Cross, Nash sexpexe[exalaEs| Meus | 3s ll scaler AU 41|...|...
Corinthian, Nash ........ 3 | 6|...| 29] 1) 2 170| 144] 26]...
Spring Hope, Nash......... x en LI... ID... Mocsi 49| 34| 15]...
Queen City, Nash.............. vnl EI ZU lege glo 12] 2| 2 154| 139| 15]...

2| 3| 3| i| 8|..-| 61] 4| 9|...| 570| 508| 62)...

19—HENDERSON DISTRICT—Franklin and Warren Counties
' and part of Vance County

Johnston-Caswell, Warren........ | 10| 1| 1| 1|

2 62| 61| 1

Franklinton, Franklin ........... | 123J...|... "aa 1|...| 65| 64| 1

Henderson, Vance ............ |229| 3| 2| 2 2| 1| 125| 122) 3
Youngsville, Franklin .......... STE [oes oso E Ge 2 33| 36|.. 3
Louisburg, Franklin ............. 413|...|... 1 2 62| 62|...|...

Royal Hart, Warren...........- 49115. s «e| eis os 1 48| 46| 2
J. H. Mills, Vance......... .| 624| 3| 3| 3j.. | 39|- 42 3
Francis S. Packard, Warren....| 630|...|]...]...]-..| Heee 1 48| 48|...]...
| "| 6| 7 5| "|...| 3| 6| 11| 1| 482| 481| 1|...
20—OXFORD DISTRICT—Granville and Person Counties and part of Vance

Person, Person .............. | 113| EP 2| 1| 103| 86 SE
Oxford, Granville ... Leieren | 122 s 5 ZK 1| 1| 151| 156]. 5

Adoniram, Granville ........... | 149]. alse LU... 39) 38) 1|.
Granville, Granville ........... 380|. 1|. 29| 28| 1|...
Tally Ho, Granville............. Sea ` T B 2|. : 26| 2|...
Henry F. Grainger, Vance........ | 412| 1 a 4 dos 1...| 2) 1 27|. d 2
Creedmoor, Granville .......... | 499].. ebbe] ir 1| 1j. B 3|...
| 3 E e mr 3|...| 16] 10] 10 | m i sd |...

21—DURHAM DISTRICT—Alamance, Durham and Orange Counties

Eagle, Orange ................ | "u| 1| 1| 1| 1| 1[...| 4 1| 150| 149| 1
Knap of Reeds, Durham........ | 158] 3| 2| 2]|...]|...|.-.|--. |. 51| Däi. 2

Eno, NEE A KEN KEE vx 210| 6| 6| 6| 3|...|... 18| 1| 3| 1| 197| 184| 13
Bingham, Alamance ........... 272] 3| 1| 1| 1| 2|: 75| 79 4
Durham, Durham "| 7 "| 4| 6 18| 5| 6| 2| 345| 333| 12)...
University, Orange i| 1| 1]..| 4 4 "| 1| 1| 111| 104| 7j...
Bula, Alamance ......... eret 4| 3 3| 5| 2 : 1| 4| 1| 2| 181| 185 4
Thos. M. Holt, Alamance.. S|) 3, S[ lessesess|sze|oss 25| 29 4
Elon, Alamance ............... 1|...]-...|--.| Lasel ee 4| 1|]...| 46] 42] 4|...
| 28] 24| 24| 15| 16|...| 45] 21| 12| 771181|1158| 23]...

22—REIDSVILLE DISTRICT—Caswell and Rockingham Counties

Caswell-Brotherhood, Caswell ....| 11| 2| 4| 4| 2| 1J...|... 21... DS 102| 107/...| 5
Dan River, Rockingham........ | 129].. "M ales es | wes en]. ooo 45| 43| 2|...

Leaksville, Rockingham ......... 136 ul sasIsss[osslesslesc]. 169| EM cl 4
Reidsville, Rockingham ......... 384 2 2 E nalili 2| 2| 1| 159| 158| 1j...
Cee Eee E RT E

H 4| 2]...]...] 6| 2| 1| 475| 481|...| 6

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 143

Abstract of Returns From Subordinate Lodges—(Continued)
23—GREENSBORO DISTRICT—Davidson and Guilford Counties

H
Q
aoj a
N f Lod y AERE 3 Zal Elg
ame Oo odge u | D 3 ols "|É45l.nigle
and County P 8|2| z S a A 3 d HEE FEE E
lg A4|gig|s - 513 SE
3 S|d|9|X aja SA ES E
z\Slelels|elalalelalalsalasia|s
xreensboro, Guilford .......... "6 8| 4| 4| 3| 7 12| 3| 2]|...| 302| 299| 3|...
Thomasville, Davidson .........| 214|...|... basch Aj 3 4| 3| 3|...| 109] 106] 3
"obasco, Guilforü ............... |271|] 2| 2| 1|...|... eoelecc[eccfese| 43| 44 1
Tuma F. Reid, Guilford........ | 344 1| 1| 1| 1| a, 17| 5| 4|...| 269| 248| 21
)enton, Davidson .............. 8| 8| 1| 2|.. 2|. 3 1 i^ 60]. 6
stokesdale, Guilford 3| 2| 1| H: D 3j...| 81] "6| 5|...
.exington, Davidson 1| 1| 2|...|...]...| 3| 2| 3| 171| 169| 2|..
Jorinthian, Guilford ^ 1| 1| 2| "j...| 5| 2| 5|...| 227| 225| 2
tevolution, Guilford ............| 552| 3| 5| 5| 4| 1|...|]...| 1| 6]...| 191| 194 3
3uilford, Guilford ............. 656| 2| 3| a 1|...|]...| 2| 2| 1|.. 88| 87| 1|...
| 32| 28] 26| 16] 23|...| 38| 25| 29| 4|1535|1508| 27|...
24—ASHEBORO DISTRICT—Montgomery and Randolph Counties
3lackmer, Montgomery ........ UDO EE DEE EE ll, 43] 43]...].
Tanks, Randolph ..............| 128] 2| 3| 2]|...| 1[...]...]...| Les 31| 33|. 2
3alfour, Randolph .............. |188| 3| 2| 1| 3| 1...|...|...| 3|...| 66| 68/...| 2
Randleman, Randolph ..........| 209]...]...|...]...| l[|...|...|...| 1]...| 31| 31].
3iscoe, Montgomery ............. 437| 2| 3| 3| 3| 3|...J.. 2| 1| 1 aa 6
Marietta, Randolph ............ 444! Jl. Ei-odssebsese [s 5 [ene [inei ies [az » *
8| 9| 6| 6| 6 | 3| 6 1

25—SALISBURY DISTRICT—Cabarrus, Rowan and Stanly Counties

Stokes, Cabarrus .............. | 32 2] 3| 6| 2| 2]...]...| 1| 2| 2) 228) 235)...) 7
Fulton, Rowan ............. ol 99]...| 1| 1| 4| 2|...| 6| 2| 8]|...| 255| 246| 9)...
?ee Dee, Stanly........... ..| 150J...]... vele | sew |i 3|...| Alza 58| 51| 7
Scotch-Ireland, Rowan ...... «| 154| 1| 2| 3j... dl 8]...] 1|...| 104] 98] 6
Eureka, Rowan .............es | 283| 8j 8| 8... ED 1| 1| 2]...| 81| 85). 4
Stanly, Stanly à 348| 4| 4| 4]|...|]...|]...| 10) 1| 3[...| 211] 201] 10
Spencer, Rowan ............ es | 543] 5| 5| 5|...]...].. 3| 1| 2]|...| 169; 168| 1
Andrew Jackson, Rowan... | 576| 2| 2| 2 d 1|.. 2| 2| 2/...| 180| 183]...] 3
Union, Cabarrus .............- 618| 5| 5| 2|.. 3|.. a Aes 33| 38|]...| 5
Cannon Memorial, Cabarrus.....| 626] 5| 5| 3| 1| 3j|...|]...| 1| 1]|...| 165| 170]...| 5
Yadkin Falls, Stanly............ | 631] j d 4|...| 1j]...| 4| 1| 1]|...| 103] 102] 1)...
Keller Memorial, Rowan........| 657] 2| 2| 2| 1[...|]...|...|...].-.]--.|] 21| 24]...] 3
39| 41| 40| 14| 12|]...| 37| 10| 26| 2/1608|1601| "|...

26—MONROE DISTRICT—Anson and Union Counties

Kilwinning, Anson «| 64| 2| 1| 1| 1| 1[...]...| 2| 3|...| 144| 142| 2|...
Monroe, Union .......... 244| 10| "7| 7| 7| 6|...| 31| 6| "| 1| 146| 122| 24]...
Beaver Dam, Union........ 276| 1| 1]...]...]-..|*-- 2]...| 1|...| 45| 42| 3l...
Waxhaw, Union ......... | 962]... |... |l] pe eee 40| 41|]...| 1
Meadow Branch, Union......... ko pepe meos 21...|]...|...| 20] 18| 2j...
N. C. Lodge of Research, Union .| 666|...|... H gel Se 4 25| 27 | 2

[13] 9| 8| 14| 8|...| 35| 12| 11| 1| 420] 392| 28)...

27—CHARLOTTE DISTRICT—Mecklenburg County

Phalanx, Mecklenburg .......... | 31| 6| 6| 6| 5|...|...| 18] 4| "| 2| 425| 407| 18]...
Mecklenburg, Mecklenburg ......| 176]... |...]-.-l--- cl d] dj...| 45| 43| 2|...
Long Creek, Mecklenburg.......| et us M calal Hal 41] 40| 1
Excelsior, Mecklenburg .........- | 261| 7| 9| 8| 8 16....] 5| 2| 471| 470| 1
Craighead, Mecklenburg ........ BO NET cubes |. 2 | 29| 28| 1
Matthews, Mecklenburg .... A st vss] 3| 2|. 36, 31| 5
Joppa, Mecklenburg ...... Sr dee d 5| 5| 2 14| 6| "| 1| 428| 424| 4
Williams, Mecklenburg .......... 1l AX] Hc 33| 35|]...| 2

| 20| 21| 20| 15 51| 13| 22| 5|1508|1478| 30]...

144

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Abstract of Returns From Subordinate Lodges—(Continued)

28—GASTONIA DISTRICT—Gaston and Lincoln Counties

H
as! a
= d ga “sy E
d 3 s a EI E ki ER 5 Slo
Name of Lodge BIBI olol/SlSIS/E/5 BERCHER
and County alsig 2\8|2/3/8|/8\ 3/3/8538 E
3/3/38 * 3|lzi2|v|2s2|88 9
Z|&[|&|& X|E|B|a |B Alm S&|E3|A [A
Lincoln, Lincoln en d 5| 5| 3| 1 e H d Ka - | 8
Gaston, Gaston Ge qeepeex[éebeebÓebee ae oe ae
Springs, Lincoln...........| 341]... ]... J|] e nn lg nz " 2
ape age exp vs 6| 5| 5| 3| 10 SC 5| 4|...| 272| 281]...| 9
South Fork, Gaston ............ 3| 3| 3| 1|...]...].-- epo 2)...] 64) 66)...] 2
Cherryville, Gaston ...... 4| 3| 1-...| $j...| 4| 1| 2]...) 73) 71, 2...
Whetstone, Gaston ...... 12| 8| 4|...| 42]...]... 1|... er 49| 54|...| 5
Mount Holly, Gaston ... 544| 8| 5| 5]...| 2]. 8|...| 1|...| "0| 68| 2)...
Lowell, Gaston .......... 590| 5| 4| 4[...]...]..-| 9| 2j...|..- 81| "4| TT...
Belmont, Gaston ..........- 627| 4 d 3| 1| i1[...| 21....] 1[...| 132] 114) 17]..
Holland Memorial, Gaston....... 668| 4| 3 1 4|...|]...| 3| 1| 1| 1| 56| 56|...|.
| 51] 38| 31| 12| 20]...| 45| 15| 15| 1]1002| 990| 12).
29—STATESVILLE DISTRICT—Alexander and Iredell Counties
Wilson, Iredell ........... sels] x see ail age 22| 21| 1|...
Lee, Alexander .......... Tl MESSER 1]; sei A] Ale 92| 88] 4|...
Hunting Creek, Iredell... P| 8 eee J ere AN EEY EERS E stole 20| 22|...|] 2
Campbell, Iredell ..... SE er] gh | eters) eis cle 1. - Ble 17| 16 Zoe
Grassy Knob, Iredell............. I| 211 Aal 4|. Bel herrea (med ee 30) 30|...|...
Statesville, Iredell .......... sl H 3| 2) cars| 1| 5| 2]|...| 168| 163 us
Mooresville, Iredell ............. | 3| 3| 3| 1 SE ga), lge 91| 93|.. 2
Snow Creek, Iredell........ 1| 1| 1|...|...|- en [sag as 23| 24|.. 1
Stony Point, Alexander.... vase oes [2o] Sls ar | ice] era 36| 39|...| 3
Harmony, Iredell ............... 651|...[...]..+ 3... el, ll 20] 22]...] 2
| 8| 10] 8| 5| "|...| 2| 9| 10|...| 519] 518| 1|.
30—WINSTON-SALEM DISTRICT—Davie, Forsyth, Stokes and
Yadkin Counties
Mocksville, Davie .. 134| 4| 4| 4| 2]|...]...]|... 2| 3| 1|123| 124]...| 1
Yadkin, Yadkin .......... i62].4].«| Tere] By ll] diee] 4 22era foris
Winston, Forsyth 167| 4| "| "| 5| 4|. 10] 4| 9]|...| 391| 384| "l|...
Farmington, Davie 265| 1| 1| 1]...]. sedes] ecskess]. A] SEI, Alt d
Salem, Forsyth ........... 289| 2| 2| 2j.. ll 4J...| 241| 239] 2|...
Harmon, Yadkin .......... 420| 1| 1| 1j. | tales geleet 9| doles] d
Baltimore, Yadkin 424| 4| 2| 2|. 2e] Dhori peral MO ZO lenin] ssc
West Bend, Forsyth 434 2| 1| 1|.. sat | sive | vesle 29| 30|...| 1
Oak Grove, Yadkin BOT «cs [us | 24% nca acus ete 3 | «lee s] 18|....| 18]...
Walnut Cove, Stokes 629| 1| 1| 1|. 4|...]...]- 62| 59| 3|..
Kernersville, Forsyth | 669| 5| "| 5|...|...]... enn] Tf. 33| 37|...| 4
| 24| 26| 25| "| 5|. 33| 8| 18|...| 987] 965| 22|...
Charter Oak Grove Lodge, No. 557, arrested Sept. 15, 1936.
3I—ELKIN DISTRICT—Surry County
Granite, (Surry. cx pispa d der e E 5| 1) 172| 174|...| 2
Copeland, Surry 2| 4| 1j. "| 1| 2|J.. 38| 35| 3|...
Rockyford, Surry classe, leien RER 16] 15) 1...
Elkin, BEER ee ste ner 1| 6| a, 2]. cafes 62| "0|...| 8
Rusk, Surry «as p. Mee sse [s.s] so 10| 14 el 4
Pilot, Surry 1 cp 1| 1 68| 68|...|...
Ararat, Surry xol po ul 18 reien
Round Peak, Surry Ij ll dl, ial. [see i au. LL,
| 14] 10] 11] 15] 6|...| 9| 4| 9| 1| 425] 435)...] 10

32nd DISTRIC

T Eliminated

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 145

Abstract of Returns From Subordinate Lodges—(Continued)

33—WILKESBORO DISTRICT—Wilkes County and part of Watauga County

| J

H
| E 5 ae] 8
Ki

Name of Lodge „lgl '_ (B/S lS] |ui žal 2| sls
and County 2 5 HK i E 3 & E E EE EFIE: E
EIERE |2|S | SI 5/3815] 5
, |&|R|&,8|3] 8| A] | E |e] & SR |e] ës
Liberty, Wilkes ................. 39| 43|...| 4
Moravian, Wilkes ............... x. 38| 37 d.
North Wilkesboro, Wilkes.... | 96| 100j...| 4
Clingman, Wilkes ......... Desi zeck 19| 18 hs
Ashler, Watauga ......... « | «à 31| 34|...] 3
Trap Hil, Wilkes ......... | à 35| 30| 5|...
Sulphur Springs, Wilkes ........ efef 17| 18|. 1
Ronda, Wilkes .................. 19| 21|. 2
Mount Pleasant, Wilkes à 29| 32|...| 3
Roaring Gap, Wilkes ............ | su] ecc]2* Bed oe eee ul 11|...|...

[14 13 1| 4| 9| 1) 4| 5| 5]...| 334| 344|...] 10

34—JEFFERSON DISTRICT—Aleghany and Ashe Counties
and part of Watauga County

Snow, Watauga ............. | 363| 6| 5| 5| 14| es 2| 1[|...|...| 2"| 4"|...| 20
Elk, Ashe ............ eese pied aalala eidal bexslxsalxxwiexw[mzsl . MAD Seles Gb
Scottsville, Ashe ................ BBB os e| is lego Lees | ct nnn | ewe e| eme | eae] GB 2512 sepes
Sparta, Alleghany ... ........... 423|...| 1|...]..- is Bl carers] cers [a est 33| 32| 1
Piney Creek, Alleghany.. > dät sls ace hive] soe sek 29) 29|...|...
Crumpler, Ashe ......... e| 467] 15 1| 1|... ee 8|...]...]--- 25| 20| 5|
Helton, Ashe ... ee a or at ou | D 4| 1 49| 35| sé
Ashe, Ashe .......... eee | el a +e ee ees eres er oon eee 27 32]. 5
| 10] 9| 8| 17| "|...| 20|..5| 1|...| 236| 242]...| 6

35th DISTRICT Eliminated

36—HICKORY DISTRICT—Burke, Caldwell and Catawba Counties

and part of Watauga County

Catawba Valley, Burke 7 pet 1| 1| 3|.. T
Catawba, Catawba zhexhese]ee] A Dies ei
Hibriten, Caldwell vum cene]. diss T
Hickory, Catawba eee] 5| 1| 3|.. QE
Shawnee, Catawba esi io e en se dass [ense zs
Blowing Rock, Watauga ......... 458|...]... vu e | erase ovs @ ae Ee ge
Cookville, Catawba 1 ES soe [a ees E "T
Maiden, Catawba ees i1 1j. T
Riverside, Catawba . Se gx ive 2 exa er
Lovelady, Burke ................ 2|...|..- 1
8| 13]...
37—SHELBY DISTRICT—Cleveland County
Cleveland, Cleveland ............ 202| 5| 5| 6|...| 4]...] 22| 3| 5]...| 199| 179| 20)...
Fair View, Cleveland............. 339| 1| 1 H l| 1j...[...]..- 2|...| 85| 86|...| 1
Fallston, Cleveland .............. iri acie s 32| 27| 5
State Line, Cleveland ls | 1|.. 48| 49 1
Mooresboro, Cleveland wales 58| 53] 5
Lawndale, Cleveland ............ | T 57| 60|.. 3
Lattimore, Cleveland ............ [es]. 37| 36| 1|...
Camp Call, Cleveland ET 1| 51| 55|...| 4
Casar, Cleveland, ................ eng velo sl 16) Mosd 5
1| 583| 566| 17

38th DISTRICT Eliminated

146

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Abstract of Returns From Subordinate Lodges—(Continued)
39—ASHEVILLE DISTRICT—Buncombe, Henderson, Madison, Polk, Counties

a
g B5 8
z|3 412 3| |y. o
Name of Lodge pn US HIKEAKIKIE Fi Sjen] |g
and County 283zEi3àig::25|2
Siaja] SÄEIEIEIKAERIER S
Z|8 £|8|3|8|4 Gach
Mt. Hermon, Buncombe......... 118 ‘| 5 6| 14]...] 2:
Blackmer, Buncombe ............ 170|...]...]- es] «Js e
Dunn’s Rock, Transylvania. 267 4 are] eer ark
French Broad, Madison.... a] in toads TEE E EEN ares
Vance, Buncombe .. 1 ve vine essa e | nino lvo
Kedron, Henderson .. 4 eler
White Rock, Madison.... sisi ee, sss [e x [err
Ivy, Madison .............. EE esee |n ss ee IM
Biltmore, Buncombe ..... 446 5| 4 ox bsec
Saluda, Polk ............ 482] 2| 1 us iso rire RN
Hominy, Buncombe .............. 491; 1| 2 rs | sm
Swannanoa, Buncombe .......... Bells 0] ogs]ess] oss
Skyuka, Pol: siny apaina entere 605| 3|... à
Mill Springs, Polk................ 638| 1|...[.--]| Ass]
John A. Nichols, Buncombe...... 650|...] 1| 41]...]..-.]|..-
Black Mountain, Buncombe...... 663| 4| 4| 3| 3|...|...]..-
West Asheville, Buncombe........ 665| 2| 2| 2j...| 3]...] evil sere wits
| 30| 28| 29| 24| 31]...| 78| 12| 21| 4|1454|1427| 27|...

Charter Ivy Lodge, No. 406 arrested September 20, 1936.
Skyuka Lodge, No. 605, and Mill Springs Lodge, No. 636, consolidated February 8, 1937,

as Jeff L. Nelson Lodge, No. 605.

French Broad, No. 292, no report.

40—SPRUCE PINE DISTRICT—Avery, Mitchell and Yancey Counties

Bakersville, Mitchell ............ 357| 1| 1 eae 2|. 44| 42| 2|...

Bald Creek, Yancey.............. 397| 2| 1| Li...) 4|. 53| 53|...|]...

Linville, Avery 489| 2|]...|...| 1| ei, 67| 64| 3|.

Vesper, Mitchell Dél, el selves) Meses 4 58| 51| 7|...

Cranberry, Avery ............... 598| 1| 1 1| 2 3]...| 4| 2| 1|...| 83| 82] 1j...

6| 3| 2| 5| 15]...| 287 4| 3|...| 305| 292| 13]...
41—WAYNESVILLE DISTRICT—Haywood County

Waynesville, Haywood ........... |259| 6| 5| 4| 2| 1| 1|...| 2| 3)...] 146| 147]. 1

Pigeon River, Haywood.......... 386, 4| 4| 5| 1| 3|...|...| 3| 1J...| 149] 154|. 5

Clyde, Haywood ................. 453|. o: [se sos SEH etl rn 3| 1| 3| 1| 63| 56| Tj...

Sonoma, Haywood ............... 4T2| ss [ss ler PER LJ 10| 3| 2]...] 62] 47] 15]...

10; 9| 9| 3| 4| 1| 13| 9| 9| 1| 420| 404| 16

42—SYLVA DISTRICT—J.

Junaluskee, Macon ............. 145

Unaka, Jackson ......... 268

East LaPorte, Jackson 358

Oconee, Swain ...... 427

Blue Ridge, Macon.. 435|...]...

Dillsboro, Jackson ... .......... 459|...]..

Glenville, Jackson ....».......... 551|...|... vesc eve [aste

Glenville, No. 551. no report. | 9| 6| 6| 2| 5]...

43—MURPHY DISTRIC

Cherokee, Cherokee ............. 146! 3| 4| 4]|...| 10]... ... .
OLA Ys, Cla Seet ET tme ure 301] 3| 2| 1| 1| 1|... s €
Montgomery, Cherokee .......... Pits exl eus |) Bl oreo et lesa e
Marble Springs, Cherokee.. » s ssl. dae -— "T eue
Unaka, Cherokee ...... Š T eie eee S hr | eris Wéi tee
Andrews, Cherokee .............. 529| 2| 3| 2| 1|... DER
RE a Et
8| 9| 7| 2] 25]...

44—RUTHERFORDTON DISTRICT—McDowell and Rutherford Counties

Western Star, Rutherford........ | 91
Mystic Tie, McDowell............ 237
Porest City, Rutherford.......... 381
Joppa, McDowell ................

tem

l mmt

2| ` 1j...
ap 3|...]...
1|...

Ils

GRAND LODGE oF NORTH CAROLINA

147

RECAPITULATION OF ABSTRACT OF RETURNS FROM
i SUBORDINATE LODGES

For Year Ending December 31, 1936, by Districts

OWBAOUARWNHH

H
ag 2
D "a 3 E: | S E EL E
o u o o
noc $5 elal 5$ 2|5 |E|S8|s5|2| 8
8 2|3|8 8|&| &BIS|u | $| SE |SEIS|I 8
alslsjalalg| 3|z 3|g|99 99|9|8
AJAJE Leal a lFlAlm|/salasla| 4
Elizabeth City..... 19| 19; 17| 5| 9|...| 18| 4| 10| 2| 638| 637| 1|...
Windsor 3| 5|...| 10| 5| 14) 3| 562| 551| 11l...
Plymouth 6| 2... 1 4|14| 2| 514| 522/___] 8
Halifax... ... 8| 5|... 5| 13) 14] 1| 616| 611 m
Greenville "| ` Wl e 7| 3| 5| 5| 475) 484|..| 9
Kinston............ 10| 32; 1| 10| 11| 13|...| 637| ees 28
New Bern 1| "7|.--| 14| "7| 8|10| 734! 734/___|___
Jacksonville 4 1| 6...| 11...| 3|...| 190| 187| 3|...
Clinton... 25 3| 10]... 7| 4| 13| 2| 555| 562|___| 7
Wilmington........ 27| 24| 22| 16| 9....| 22| 13] 15| 2| 1227| 1224| 3|...
Lumberton......... 17| 16/ 15) 3| 6|---| 10] 8| 7| 1| 497| 496| 1|...
Rockingham........ 7| 8/10 9| 9...| 25| 15) 6| 2| 576) 558| 18|...
Sanford... ..... 12] 11| 12| 21| 201... 1| 8/ 15| 1| 634| 663|...| 29
Fayetteville.. ----—- 8| 6| 8| 14) 4|...] 24| 10| 9| 5| 709|) 692| 17|___
Raleigh----------—- 27| 26| 33| 11| 12|---| 41| 13| 30| 3| 1483| 1455| 20.
Smithfield-------—- Eliminated
Wilson.............- 6| 8| 10| 6| 8|...| 12| 8| 20| 3| 547| 531| 16|...
Rocky Mount...... 2| 3| 3| 1| 8... 61| 4| o | 570| 508| 62]...
Henderson.......... "1 6| "| 5| ""|..- 3| 6| 11| 1| 482| 481| 1|...
OXfOId. sl 10} 8| 5| 11] 3|...| 16| 10| 10] 3| 411] 394| 17]...
DUS es aterert 28| 24| 24) 15| 16|---| 45| 21| 12| 7| 1181| 1158| 29.
Reidsville........—. "| 8| 8| 4| 2|...|....| 6| 2| 1| 475| 481|...| 6
Greensboro......... 32| 28| 26| 16| 23|...| 38| 25| 29| 4| 1535| 1508| 27]...
Asheboro----------- 8 9| 6| 6| 6ļ---|----| 2| 6| 1| 325] 335|...| 10
Salisbury..........- 39| 41| 40| 14| 12/___] 37| 10| 26| 2| 1608| 1601| "|...
Monroe...........-. 13; 9| 8| 14| 8|...| 35| 12 11| 1| 420| 392| 28/___
Charlotte 20| 21| 20) 15) 21|...| 51] 13| 22| 5| 1508| 1478] 20. —
Gastonia 51| 38) 31| 12| 20|...| 45] 15) 15) 1| 1002| 990| 12...
Biatesville 8} 10) 8| 5 7|... 2| 9| 10|---| 519| 518| 1|...
Winston-Salem.....| 24| 26| 25| "| 5|...| 33| 8| 18/___] 987| 965| 22/___
PRIN Ue. ee 14| 10| 11| 15) 6]... 9| 4| D 1| 425| 435|...| 10
Yadkinville......... Eliminated
Wilkesboro.......-- 14| 13| 12 4| 9| 1 4| 5] 5|...| 334| 344|...| 10
Jefferson.........-- 10, 9| 8| 17; 7|---| 20} 5| 1|...| 236| 242|___] 6
Boone............-- Eliminated
Bickorg. ecincoaiaise 12| 13| 12| 13) 4|...| 19) 8| 13]...| 888| 877| 11|...
Shelby...........—- 16| 14| 14| 2| 13|---| 28] 6| 12| 1| 583| 566| 17|---
Hendersonville- ---- Eliminated
Asheville.........-- 30| 28| 29| 24| 31|...| 78| 12| 21| 4| 1454) 1427| 27|___
Spruce Pine.......- 6 3| 2| 5|15|...| 28| 4| 3|...| 305| 292| 13]...
Waynesville.......-- 10 9| 9, 3| 4| 1| 13| 9| 9| 1| 420| 404| 16...
SN ht ANES 9 6| 6| 2| 5|---| 21| 5| 8|...| 419| 398) 21|...
Murphy..........-- 8 9| 7| 2|25...| 27| 2| 3| 2| 313| 315|...| 2
Rutherfordton.....- 7 "| 6| 6| 3| 1| 29| e 6|...| 434| 407| 27|...
Totals for State........ 632|593|573|342|406| 4| 860|333|464| '77|277428|2'7088|340].....

INDEX

150 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

INDEX
A
Page
Address of Grand Master J. Giles Hudson:

Fraternal Dead. ood 24
Visitation ^ iore Se ee 25
Dispensations ______-------.- nue Cra m ee oe ree ee 26
Lodges Changing Meeting Places-—-------------------—— 26
Orders, Llc eT. ""—Ó 27
Installation sze ass a et enun sce Lebe. 27
DECISIONS eno Reese Lie 27
Lecture Servite. geess ees 29
Masonic) Education. -———-2— ee a eee 30
District ‘Deputies. geren 31
Masonic Code and Andrews’ Digest_________________«__ 88
Reclamation Program ..........— Luci quee pi oe — 88
Delinquent Lodges ------------- (——— a ee 34
Delinquent Members ------------—----- EES, 39
Lite Membership: ege ot Se 40
Masonic Service Association. 40

George Washington National Masonic Memorial
Association. == ee a 41
Conferences of Grand Masters of the United States_______ 41
Masonic and Eastern Star Dome 41
Oxford Orphanage iesen e a ee 42
The Orphans’ Friend and Masonic Journal. 42
Lotteries and Gambling Devices... ee ee ee 43
Grand Lodge Committee |... 43
Masonic Museum 2. 2.8 nk ac m ele e m 44
Lodge Service Commission... 44
Matters to be Covered by Grand Secretary's Report _______ 45
Grand Lodge Offieerg LLL LLL lln 45
Interested: Brethren: —.———— ones eeu oe oer 45
Grand: ‘Secretary’ 3. ee dee LL e Ee 46
Recapitulation of Recommendations |... 47
Condition of the Craft 48
Conclusion _________. MONET A PED We TO eI EE 49

Abstract of Returns:
For Year Ending December 31, 1986_____________________188

Recapitulation LL Lll UM cH E 147
Anderson, John H., Grand Secretary:

Commended by Grand Master. |... 46

Report of: ______________ VER NOE ERRARE 51
Assistant Grand Lecturers:

E E nene d soan eea 8

Present at Grand Lodge. |... 15
Auditor, Grand, Report of. — pete sieben Apo i Nd e 60
Appeals, Report of Committee on___ Sa Ree CELOS -—- 97
Appointments of Grand Master. |... . 114

April 18, 1777 (See inserts preceding Foreign
Correspondence) ES

GRAND LODGE oF NoRTH CAROLINA 151

B
Page
loard:
Of General Durposes LLL LLL LLL 8
Lenk un EE 66
Of Custodians, List of_-___-____________________________ 8
Report 01 4-24 moo od o4 CU ee we ee 99
Of Directors of Oxford Orphanage, List of. | 8
Reporbof 225k l2 lee epe le e ee 77
Of Directors of M. & E. S. Home, List of 9
Report of i. alc muliere e eee eee or Lo EN 82
Masonic Foundation ------------------------———-—————— 9
took of The Law, Rhode Island____________________________ 24
C
'ustodians:
[gloire cA ots oe NDE Ret eer s a ce D e d 8
Present at Grand Lodge |... 12
Report. of Board of---—— ——————— oL Ree S es 99
deu te EE 53
'ommittees:
Standing EEN 10
Special]. eco o o eec ee E in e ee 11
On Credentials, Report of 15
On By-Laws, Report of 84
Masonic Temple, The, Report of |... 88
On Masonic Loan Fund, Report of... 91
Sesqui-Centennial, Report of 92
Charity, Report of 93
Masonic and Eastern Star Home, Report of | 94
On Appeals, Report of 97
On Masonic Education, Report of |... 98
Oxford Orphanage, Report of |... 98
On Charter and Dispensations, Report of... 100
Finance, Report of |... LLL LLL 101
On Jurisprudence, Report of... 109
‘ash, Leon, P. G. M., Grand Lecturer, Memorialto 73
D
leceisions of Grand Master____________-______-______________ 27
lirectors:
Oxford Orphanage: 2222224 aiis 8
Report Ot. ac ee te oe ee ee ele 77
Masonic and Eastern Star Home 9
Report. Of, 22255. 42a ede ee an ee ane See 82
distinguished Visitors, Grand Lodge 15
istrict Deputy Grand Masters:
List of, for year 1987-38__-______--_-_-_------__--------- 9
Present at Grand Lodge 12
Grand Master Commends 31

lispensations of Grand Master----------------------------- 26

152 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

E
Page
Election of Officerg IRL NES 100
Election of Directors and Representatives____________-_______ 101
Estimate of Membership:
For January 1, 1937_----_-----------------------~----- 58
F
Foreign Correspondent: .
J. Edward Allen, appointed ______-______-_-___-_____-__-_ 9
Finance Committee:
Report of > 22. +- 3555 eebe Soe ene ness 101
Grand Treasurer’s Report _________--------------------- 102
Dues Owing and Unpaid i -=ne 102
Unpaid Appropriations _~_--------+--------------------- 102
Audit}. eener 103
Lodge Service Commission. 103
Grand Lodge Charities_____________________________-+--104
B. FP. Moore Legacy... . 22-4 a = ne 104
Oxford Orphanage _-_----~----------------- e 105
Masonic and Eastern Star Home 105
Masonic Relief Association--—----------------—-—------——- 105
Special Meeting erer 105
District Deputies’ Expenses___________-___------------_ 105
Interest of Delinquent Dues -------------------------—-—-- 105
Lodges Applying for Refunds- acena 106
Budget: 3-7 022.7 ee Eege 106
Estimates Income, 1937_-_----------------------------- 107
G
Grand Auditor, Report of_______-___----------------------. 60
Grand Historian, Report of__-__-___--_--------------_------~-~ 92
Grand Lodge Officers, List of __._.______1-_-__----------------- 8
Grand Lodges, Months of Meeting, \
Addresses Grand Master and Grand Secretary. ... 122
Grand Officers Elective from 1787 to 1987... 7, 118
General Purposes, Report of Board of_________-__--_-------- 66
Grand Secretary:
Receipts from all SBonrees cc 51
Back Appropriations |... LLL LLL cose c ecco 52-
Charters Arrested ________________ LLL ccce coca 52
Consolidated. — Cro eue ce e p es 53
Estimate of Membership... LLL E 53
Chartered Lodges |... LLL S 53

Grand Representatives of Other Grand Lodges near the
Grand Lodge of North Carolina... 53
Grand Representatives of the Grand Lodge of North Caro-
lina near Other Grand Lodges 54
Duplicate Charters |... LLL L--- 54
de EE dope qe t Ra 54
Trip.Abroads - ——————cenl s EE 56

GRAND LODGE oF NORTH CAROLINA 153

Page
mand Secretaries Foreign Grand Lodges |... 124
mand Treasurer, Report of... 0 50
"rand Representatives Present At Grand Lodge . 13
trand Representatives of North Carolina and Other
Grand Lodges |... 125, 126
H
Iudson, James Giles, Grand Master, Address of |... 24
[oey, Clyde R., Governor, Addresses Grand Lodge |... . 113
I
nstallation of Officers________________-____---------------- 114
J
urisprudence Committee, Report of... 109
DECISIONS eege c ssec Vue E c ees 109
Orders and Dispensgations 109
Lodge Changing Meeting Place 109
Bonding Lodge Secretaries and Treasurers. |... 109
Audit Reports and Financial Statements of Lodges. 110
Life: Membership estate deeg 110
Lotteries and Gaming Devices 111
Lodge Service Commission... Ll ls 111
Honorary Membership _______________-----_------------ 111
Foreign Grand Eesen Recognized __ EE 112
Charters Arrested ______-________2_______________-____ 112
Proposed Amendments to the Code not Approved________- 113
L
ecture Service:
Commendation of Grand Master 29
Resolution, Relative to... LLL LL LL LL Lll 100
odges:
Consolidated c cann en eS eer ei et i 53
Subordinate, Secretaries and Masters --—--—--------------—- 128
dge Service Commission Continued ` 100
M
fasonie and Eastern Star Home:
Directors eee ees rures ee E 8
Report of Board of Directors of |... 82
Report of Committee on... 98
Reference to by Grand Master 41
fasonic Loan Fund, Report of |... 91
Tasonic Education:
Reference to by Grand Master 30
Report of Committee on... LLL LLL Lll 98

fasonic Service Association:
Reference to by Grand Master 40

154 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Page
Masonic Temple Committee, Report of-__------------------- 88
Memorial to Leon Cash, P. G. M.__-------------------------- 73
Memorial to Jeff L. Nelson, A. G. L.----------------------- 15
i N
Necrology: Ak
List of Distinguished Dead in Other Grand Jurisdictions___ 54
Report of Committee op 71
Leon Cash _-_----—-~--------------------------------- 73
Jeff L. Nelson______-----------------------~----------- 75
Nelson, Jeff L., Memorial to__------------------------------ 75
(0)
Officers, Grand:
List for Year Ending April 20, 1938-__________________ 8
Present at Grand Lodge. .. .......------------------- 12
Installed. EE 114
Oration of Grand Orator . ........----------------------- 60
Orphans’ Friend, The, Grand Master Commends___---------_ 42
Oxford Orphanage: À
Reference to by Grand Master-------------------------- 42
Report of Board of Directors 0f... 77
P
Past Grand Masters:
List from 1487 t0. dos. ee 7
Present at Grand Lodge ... 12
Presentation of Jewel and Apron... 114
R
Report of:
Committee on Credentials... 15
Grand. ZER eme eet 50
Grand! Secretary: eelef E cea 51
Grand “Auditor EE 60
Board of General Purposes... 66
Committee on Noesolagy.... eom cee aa pipe 71
Directors of Oxford Orphanage. Kei
Directors of Masonic and Eastern Star Home 82
Committee on Du Laws LL LLL LL cc cc _ 84
Trustees of Permanent Fund... 84
Trustees of John C. Drewry Memorial 86
Masonic Temple Committee |... 88
Masonie Loan Fund 91
Sesqui-Centennial Committee |... .. 2 22.— 92
Grand. Historian, 22-22 oe EE 92
Committee on ONAP Y Bae ann hang uei oru n ae este 93
Committee on Masonic and Eastern Star Home___________ 94

Representative to George Washington Masonic National
Memorial Association

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA 155

Page
Committee on Appeals... LLL LL ccs 97
Committee on Masonic Education... 98
Oxford Orphanage Committee . 98
Board of Custodians ______________________________-__- 99
Charters and Dispensations _________________________-_-- 100
Finance Committee _____________________-_- LLL LL LLL 101
Jurisprudence Committee ______________________________ 109
tepresentative:
To George Washington Memorial Association... 9
Report: Of-..-.————————— dlc duree t. 94
To Masonic Service Association 9
%esolutions:
Corinthian Lodge, No. 2380. 67
Finance Committee |... LLL LLL LLL 68
Concord Lodge, No. 58_____________-__-_______-_--____- 68
United States Constitution Sesqui-Centennial____________ 69
Relative to Life Membership____________________________ 69
To Appropriate $250 to defray expenses of Summer
Meeting of Custodians and Lecturerg |... 84
Relative to Lecture Service |... 100
thode Is'and Book of Law, Reference to... 24
S
špecial Communication, Winston-Salem... . 116
Jesqui-Centennial Committee, Report of 92
Statesville Lodge, No. 487, presents Petition. |... 70
JMALISUIGS. e e mL Lm uL eL ecc Eee c e ees 117
Sherrod, Watson Newberry, Grand Master, Sketch of_________ 3
T
[rustees:
Of Permanent Fund ege 84
John C. Drewry Memorial Grand Secretary Fund ——— 86
: V

Visitations, Grand Master_______________-____--------------- 25

[Photographs from originals reduced
to two-thirds size]

Ch, taf the Lodge of Kiva batons
Ha la

OM fog

t a Quarterly Communication of the Moft Antient and Hi
nourable Society of FREE AND AccePTED Masons, unde
the Conftitution of England, the Moft Worfhipful and Rigt
Honourable Robert Edward Petre, Lord Petre, Baron «
Writtle, &c. Grand Mafter, held at FREE Masons Hatt

Great Queen Street, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, Friday, April 18,1777

PRESEN T,
The Right Honouralle LORD PETRE, G. M.

RowrAN» Hott, Efq; D. G. M.

Colonel John Deaken, S. G. W.

George Harrifon, Efq; J. G. W.

John Croft, Efq; P. S. G. W.

John Hatch, Eiq; P. S. G. W.

Thomas Parker, Efq; P. S. G. W.

William Hodgfon, Efq; P. J. G. W.

William Atkinfon, Efq; P. J. G. W.

John Hull, Efq; P. J. G. W.

George Smith, Efq; Provincial G. M. for Kent.

Rowland Berkeley, G. T.

James Hefeltine, Efq; G. S.

Thomas Sandby, Efq; G. A.

Richard Barker, Mafter of Stewards Lodge, as G. Sword Bearer.
The Mafter, Wardens, and Affiftants of the Stewards Lodge.

. the Mafters and Wardens of feveral Lodges; when the following Contributions were paid in:
the General Fund of Charity, viz.
1

Los. d.|N?. Lt aN Lg
edge of Antiquity, ` — 1 d -0]154 Crompton'sCoffce-houfe, Man- 350 Eagle and Child, Ho'yhead, — o 19
jomerfet Houfe Lodge, 3300 chefer, — 1 1 01357 Crown and Anchor, New-ireet
Lodge ot Friendfhip, — 6 6 oft71 Feathers, Chefer, — | 1 e Hill, am UàÓ
‘edge of Fortitude, — — — 1 & 0f172 S. David's Lod;e, — 1 1 0] 5360 Belland Anchor, Hammer{mith,1 1
l'ufcan Lodge, — 1 1 0/177 King’s Head, Sunderland, o 10 6] 369 Lodge L'Efperance, 3 3
onic Lodge, — 1 1 Oo[i83 Fountain, Broad.ftrect, 1 1 0/374 Exeter Inn, Teigzmouth, O12
Cing’s Arm, Wandíworth, 1 1 0|z02 London ee — 2 2 «C477 Royal George, Newton Abbot, o 15
Mourning-buth Lodge, 2 2 0|:03 Mariners Lodge, — 2 2 «0/391 Lodge of Aitred, Oxford, 6 6
it, Alban's Lodge, =» 2 2 o|214 Green Man, Ipfwich, | 1 0} 399 Lodge of Profperiy, ` 11
Drown, Cranbourn-alley, 1 1 0/247 Horn, Burnley, — o 10 6) 59> Lodge of Friendthip,Limehoofe, 11
Caftle, Quaker-ftreet, 3 1 ol[zs! Royal Lodge, — 4 4 O9|421 Lodge of Temperarce, Burv, c 10
Britannic Lod,e, — 6 6 c|:5;9 Ship, Feverfham, — 2 2 0j|i::5 Hare& Hounds, Barnard Cale, 1. i
ship, EA Smithéeld, 1 1 ©}260 Salutation, Topham, — . 1 1 c|ac3 Jeruflem Tavern, C erkerwell, toa
&ing's Arms, Marybone-flreet 1 1 0|262 Philharmonic Lodge, — 1 1 ¢/113 Lodge of Friencthip, Briégnorih, a 4
jurong Man, Exit Smithfield, 1 1 0|265 Caledonian Lodge, — UU Of} 416 Lode of Friend:hip, Plymouth
Swan, Wolverhampton, 1 1 O[264 Swan Inn, Bridgewater, bud £6 Dock, j — bod
Stewarvs Looce, — 2 2 O0|:68 Eat India Warehoufes, Fen- 423 Pleygh, Wiuby, — o 10
Rofe and Crown, Swalwell, 1 1 o church ftreet, — 1 0» O[,:7 Torbay Lodge, at Paigaton, 6 12
Conftitutional Lodge, — © 10 6|275 Antelope, Pool, — 1 1 o[442 Apollo Lodge. Yo'k, nt?
Braond's Head, Bond-ftreet, — 1. 1 ©1276 Corinthian Lodge, — 1 1 0} 493 Royal Mil tarv Lodge Woolwich 3 2
Fox, Manchefter, -— o 19 6|z81 Red Lion, Rye, — t 2 of4-8 Sua acd Beie, Worku g'on o 12
Grenadiers Lodge, — o 10 6|285 Duke's Head, Chcelfea, 1 8 ©} 4,0 St Andrew's Ledge, Mars bone, t 1
Philanthropic Lodge, ——= 1 1 0/300 London Stone, Cannoe-ürect, 1 a ¢}50t Falcon, Gravefend, 22
Black Cull, Cambridge, 1 1 C|307 Union Lodge, Exeter, 2 1 eisen Lodge ot Nine Mates, For
Nay's Head, Leadenhall-fireet, 2 2 0/311 d Lodge, Exeter, ói x ic Prov. Grand Lodge, Qubec, 1 1
Seorge, Piccadilly, — 1 1 0/313 St. Nicholas Lodge, Newcaflle, 1 o c 19 Certificates, — — 6 3
Buffaloe, Bloomibury, 1 1 0/344 Sion Lodge, North Shie'ds, — 1 r o Three Conititutions, — $ 8
Royal Oak, Pretcor, 1 1 01315 Crown and Thittie, Towcr-hill; 1 1 © 13 Conttitution Books, — — 6 16
Rofe and Crown, Crown-flreet, 328 Crown and Cufbion, Parker-itr. 1 1 o Robert Mollifon, Fiq; Provia-
Weltminfter, — 2 3 o|34! White Horfe, Flee-Market, 1 1 € cial G. M, for Maryland, . 10 10
Angel and Porter, Golden-lane, 1 1 0|343 All Souls Lodge, Tiverton, pic
Solden Lion, Sunderland, 1 1 0/346 Lodge of Friendfhir, Uford, 1 1 c

tug tt

ther SUBSCRIPTIONS and Regiftering Fees received by th
3rand Treafurer for building a HALL, &c. April 18, 1777.
Los. H

d. v o d
St. Aibans Lodge, — — 412 61374 Lodge at Teignmouth, Devonfhire, — o 10 |
Ship, batt Siniiticid, — 2 12 6)391 Royal Alfred: Lodge, Oxtard, 26 e:
Svan, Wolverhampton, — 3 3 O|403 Jerufalem Tavern, Clerkenwell, o 10 |
Swalweil, Newcattle, — 1 oo? Lodge of Friendfhip, Bridgnorth, Oo 4 :
Crown, Princes ftreer, Lothbury, 2.5-0|416 LodgeofFriendfip,Plymouth Dock, 0 15.
Lodge at Vrefcot, Lancathire, Vg 61423 Plough, Whitby, — Oo 18 ı
kole and Crown; Crown-lireer, Weft- ` |427 Torbay Lodge, at Paignton, I 2 (
* mifter, — —" 9 5 O}450 Apollo Lodge, York, — 215 |
Anzel and Porter, GolJen-lane, 2 2 0]|478 Sunand Sector, Workington, o 2 !
Sea Captains 1 odge, Sunderland, 4 5 O0|495 Royal Oak, Rippon, Yorkthire, 2 2 |
Feathers, Cheiter, — — 610 o|s5o2 Nine Mufes, Thatched lloute, St.
London Lodge, — 10 10 o James's-ftrcet, — 4 4 6
Green Man, Ipfwich, — 1 2 61503 St. Michael's Lodge, Cornwall 2 10 (
Burnley, Lancathire, —— 2.00 Royal Arch, — — 10 10 ¢
Ship. Feverfham, — — 100 Latt Board of Stewards, — 9 9 «
Cale.tonian, Lialf-Ncon-itrect, Cheap- Right Hon. Lord Perre, G. M. 20 0 ¢
fide, ` — — 210 0 Rowland Holt, Efq; D. G. M. 5.5 «
Union Lodge, Exeter, — 200 Colonel John Deaken, S. G. W. 8 8 «
Mercers Arms, Long-Acre, 2 2 © George Harrifon, Efq; J. G. W. 77«
Lodge of Friendthip, — 210 0 Rowland Berkeley, G. T. 33 ¢
St. Mary's Mand, Scilly, — 2 10: o James Hefeltine, G. S. — 3 3«
Locee L'Efrerance, — 330 Francis Johnfton, S. B. — LU
Royal George, Newton Abbor, De- mos Mer
vonfhire, — — O15 0 173 7 ¢

The Treafurer’s Account for the New Fund, as delivered in this Night.

77 Dr. Los d 1377- Cr. Los d
5. To Colle&ion this Night, 60 5 o'Fcb. e By Balance, — 27 1j «
h 28. One Yéarand Half’s Rent from | 18. Mefirs. Mitts, for Copper, &e. 17 6 «
Brother J. Brookes to Lady- i; March 28. Mr. John Brookes fur Paper,
Day laft, —:. — 10.5 ol and Sundries, — 33 o «
To Balance, — 46 18 1 31. Widow Dight for Carpenters
Work, ` — — ico O0 ¢
Mr. Prefton’s Bill, — 1533 ¢

Mr. Elwell, for fasveying the
Smith’s Wor!

— 2 2 ¢
April 17. Half Year's Land-tax to Lady-
Day, — — 19 15 X
Grand Secretary's Bill, 10 17 (
217; 8 A 217 8

——— |; —— —

18,1277. This Night's Collection, ;178 7 6| April i8, 1777. By Balance to Treafurer, 46 18
ROWLAND BERKELEY,
Dcvonfhirc Breet, Quecn fga re,

Neen ee ——————MM—
Grand Lodge beld at Free Mafons Hall, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, on Friday, April 1 8, 1777-
Pad, That the Perfons who affemble in London and elfewhere in the Character of Mafons, calling them
Ancient Mafens, by vir:ue of an Authority from a pretended Grand Lodge in England, ard at preter
o bz under the patronage of the Duke of Athol, are not to be countenanced“or acknowle ‘ged as Mafon

Juf Publifoed, under San&ion of the Grasp Lopez,

l by G. Rosixson, Pater-nofter-Row; Ricuarpson and Urquuart at tke Royal-Exchange ; and at
Free-Mafons Hall; Price 8d. on fmall Paper, and ıs. on largz Paper;

The FREE-MASONS CALENDAR for MDCCLXXVITI.
CONTAINING

t Almanac for the Year; Lifts of the Royal Family, and of all the Prefent and Paft Grand Officers of

ciety; and an Account of all the regular Lodges either under the immcdiate Conftitution of, or

iance with, the Grand Lodge of England ; with the moft remarkable Mcfenic Occurrences of the

and a Number of other interefting Articles.

ALSO,
, ORATION delivered at the DEDICATION of FREE-MASONS HALL
On Thurfday the 23d of May, 1775.
'rofits arifing from both the above Publications are to be applied to the General Fund of the Society, ‘t

ed that every regular Mafon will encourage the Sale, and that Mafters of Ledges will be particularly
ve to order their Tylers to be provided with Copies to accommodate the Brethren.

he GRAND FEAST of this Society will be held at the Hatt on Thurfday
Firft of May next. Tickets to be had at Free Masons Tavern at
, 6d. cach.

MASONIC REVIEWS

PART ONE— The United States of America
PART Two—Masonry in Foreign Countries
PART THREE—Statistical Tables

FOREWORD

RESPECTERS OF PERSONS

‘Masonry regards no man for his worldly wealth or hon-
ors" is one of those phrases of the ritual which sound well
but do not fit into the practical picture. It works two ways,
at least; probably more. There is the fawning to persons of
distinction, an evil of which we have never been rid. In Amer-
ica it takes sometimes the form of “‘making Masons at sight"
of celebrities. No more than five or six years have passed since
it was written into the Proceedings of a great Grand Lodge
that the usual ceremonies were utilized to make Senator some-
body a Master Mason At Sight; and about the same time
in another ancient and respectable Grand Lodge the Proceed-
ings show that General somebody was made a Master Ma-
son At Sight; and we observe with some degree of interest
that these above named titles did not by any means get lost
in the minutes of the occasions. In the British Isles, one has
only to read the Minutes of an Installation occasion to see
how they take a whole page to tell about the titles and hon-
ors of the distinguished person who is being installed to a
high office. In either case one comes to the conclusion that
it is the officer and not the person who is being installed or
being made a Mason. We have no objection to the induction
of such persons of distinction into the Order, or into office:
but we venture to suggest again that the phrase, "Masonry re-
gards no man for his worldly wealth or honors’, be classified
with the dodo, which is intended to be a stronger statement
than one about''horse and buggy days”, if you haven't seen a
dodo.

'Then there is another matter, which is psychologically
related to the other. A Mason was bemoaning in conversation
with us a couple of days ago, the fact that distinguished, up-
standing men do not longer take interest in Masonry. The
remark was occasioned by a request by a very busy execu-
tive in the public service, for a dimit because he was too busy
to attend his lodge meetings—merely that. Well, perhaps

(7)

8 MASONIC REVIEWS

he was right—probably men like the type of which he was
thinking do not take as much interest in Masonry as—as the
complainant does, or as much as some distinguished Masons
of times past are alleged to have taken. But it so happens
that we remember that another prominent Mason confided to
us a while back that in his opinion George Washington did
nothing for Masonry to deserve that great Masonic monu-
ment at Alexandria, Virginia—so there! It is very easy to
bemoan the good old days—we weren't there to remember
them with the halo stripped off. Personally, we don’t take so
much stock in that complaint that distinguished men who are
Masons, insofar as such are found, lack interest in it. It all
comes in part from forgetting that Masonry regards no man
for his worldly wealth or honors—why not get the vital
interest aroused of a few thousands of good, average men
who don’t do more for it than the man of prominence who
caused the complaint? Personally, we venture to say that if
we forget their prominence and all such matters, we shall
find that in proportion to the exactions upon their time, Ma-
sons who are men of distinction are as good Masons as the
run of the mine variety.

And then there is still another angle to this matter. Public
opinion is very fickle. Popularity is a vapor which passes
with the changing of the breezes of public judging. One is
a hero of today and an anathema tomorrow—and is the same
person aside from “worldly wealth or honors" both times.
If in our Masonic estimation of a man we think of him in
connection with honors, externals, popularity, the public
whim, we sow the wind and have no reason to do other
than expect to reap the whirlwind. Public persons are none
less than human. It is their human persons whom we make
Masons. If perchance they are projected into greatly changed
conditions, their relation thereto changes. Change the win-
dow-dressing into what the candid camera sees, and you de-
bunk the subject to what he really is. Put him on the spot, as
sooner or later must happen, and you have a different person
(for the public gaze) from him in the midst of brass bands
and parades and hat throwing. What we are saying is, that
the tendency of Masonry to esteem some Masons in terms
of their worldly honors and distinction, also is a tendency

THE REVIEWER’S GREETINGS 9

toward fickleness. We are going so far as to give a specific
illustration. Away back in 1933, much laud was given to
the President of the United States because he had made a spe-
cial trip to New York to be present for the raising of his son.
Then in the early part of 1936, that chorus of praise changed
to a veritable anvil chorus of knocks by those who were dis-
gruntled, or who “viewed with alarm" or who knocked in
camouflage—they said he had fired Masons from offices by
devious means and put in their places others who were sup-
posed to be hostile to Masonry. Other charges may have been
advanced, but this one we heard most frequently. When the
Prince of Wales was Empire Salesman he was the world’s
most popular Mason. Times changed. Things came on the
boards, of which it is not needful to write here. Result: Ma-
sonry has in far too many Masons’ mouths become too un-
charitable to the last degree. Edward, Duke of Windsor, has
paid the price of being in the public eye and being human
withal. Masonry regarded him not as human but in the hab-
iliments of prominence. It’s as hard to regard him as human
now, as before he was required to make his Great Choice.
We repeat as we began: what we need is more of respect and
love for the individuals who are Masonry, shorn of inciden-
tal or accidental matters foreign to Masonry itself. Can we
not make the ritual mean what it says—‘‘Masonry regards
no man for his worldly wealth or honors?"

FRATERNAL SOCIETY LOTTERIES

Is it a mere coincidence that practically every Superior
Court Judge on the North Carolina bench instructs Grand
Juries and law enforcement officers to stop gambling devices
and destroy gambling machines? These distinguished jurists
are not without discrimination and a sense of values, nor
are they obtuse in the appraisal of the significance of the pub-
lic menace. It seems that the public in these United States has
gone wild with respect to games of chance. One concludes
from the announcements of winners, that the purchasers
of tickets in the foreign lotteries must run well up into the
millions. Every few days one reads of raids upon "numbers"
gambling resorts. We sat in a district meeting of one of the
Service Luncheon Clubs not ten days ago and heard a speaker

10 - MASONIC REVIEWS

who was not a mere private, recommend that clubs of his
faith and order should run certain lotteries as a means of
stimulating interest. We even. hear of churches making use of
some form of ill-disguised lottery. Back of all these is of
course the money motive.

It is not to be surprised at that in Masonry the same
thing has raised its head. It is no new thing—that is, not so
new. There is one organization making Masonic connection
a prerequisite which well-nigh ruined itself by winking at
such things a number of years ago. It has suffered terribly
as a result of the experience. It now sees the folly of its
course. Other organizations now are going through the same
kind of experiences. The end is not in sight.

It is well to get the history of such matters straight. These
lottery and gambling schemes do not spring up from no-
where. There is a well organized group of promoters of such
in this country. They go from one organization to another,
selling their plans. They point out how easy it is to get
money from them--all you have to do it to permit them to
go to work and they will do it all—except sell the tickets,
for which exercise the individual member gets his reward. If
one even hints at the fact that such is forbidden by Masonic
law, back at once comes the rejoinder, "Look what has hap-
pened! The worst that ever happened was in the nature of
a reprimand—they never do anything about it but talk. Look
what happened in California—the Grand Master had a lot
to say about it, but it got by anyhow. Look what happened
in Illinois—The Grand Master took the most positive stand
of any so far and he actually did make trouble for a few in-
dividuals; but the lottery plan actually went on and was suc-
cessful. Look what happened in Connecticut—there was
much verbal castigation, but nothing else—and it went over
well! You try it here and get your leaders with you, and
you will not have any more trouble either—and boy, what
a pile of money you can make! You can take that money
and send a big delegation to the Convention and have the
biggest sort of a time!"

We do not censure those local fellows nearly so much as
the syndicates which promote the schemes. High pressure

THE REVIEWER's GREETINGS 11

salesmanship has sold a lot of hocum and made the purchaser
like it. We should like to see these promoters put where they
ought to be. They do not tell their "prospects" that ulti-
mately the use of such schemes is going to have a highly dis-
integrating effect upon the purchasers. Whenever we get a
circular letter from a fraternal society enclosing a book of
tickets to be sold, and proclaiming that every good member
of the Order will do his best to sell them, to put over such
a scheme, we know that sooner or later such a Society will rue
the day when this sort of ideals got its claws and a strangle
hold on the ideals of Society. We got one a few days ago
from a promotion outfit with headquarters in Greensboro. It
had sold the thing to a society not related to Masonry. The
thing had been brought to our notice some weeks before we
got the letter. We fear for the future of that Society.

This is not the first time that this scribe has set forth his
views upon this matter. It is interesting to surmise that the
promoters of these schemes do not send tickets to some mem-
bers and do send them to others. It so happens that in one
group of Masons this year, such a scheme was started and nei-
ther this scribe nor any other officer so far as we know of
them received the tickets. Why the omission has not been
explained. It so happens that in this non-Masonic society
to which we refer, we got the circular letter but we never re-
ceived the tickets. Something more than a year ago the local
express agent stopped this scribe on the street and said, "We
received some lottery tickets for you and Mr. Blank yester-
day, but we knew you would not accept them, so we just
returned them”.

What Masonry needs is sufficient backbone to stop these
things very positively; not merely to stultify itself by permit-
ting the schemes to be carried out and the promoters to get off
with mild reprimand. They get paid for the reprimand. If
the promoting syndicates lose their investments a few times
and get nothing, they will not be so sure of themselves. This
is no puritanical prohibition with which we are dealing; it
ran its course, was tried to the fullest and prohibited by Fed-
eral law so long ago that we know that this law was no mere
noble experiment". Masonry and Masons as such, no matter
in what organization, cannot afford to give comfort to such.

12 MASONIC REVIEWS

There are more thousands of Masons today who became dis-
gusted with such things ad nauseam, than one would ever
dream of. If it be true that there are hundreds of thousands
of men who got out of Masonry because they were not in-
terested, we venture to say that this lack of interest in many,
many cases arose from just such causes of disgust. Masonry’s
:good name ought not to be linked with lottery schemes and

gambling.

PART ONE

Proceedings Reviewed

(IN ORDER)
Alabama Lec 1935 Michigan erte ous 1935
Ärizona 22s 1935-36 Minnesota... 1936
JURANSNS sa eve csi sch one 1935 Mississippi ............ 1935-36
California (hsc? 1035 Missouri ccce: 1935
Colorado .................... 1935 Montana sss 1935
Connecticut .......... 1935-36 Nebraska .................... 1936
Delaware vk e 1935 © enges eehe 1935
District of Columbia....1935 New Hampshire ........ 1935
Floida MERERI ETT 1935-36 New Jersey............ 1935-36
Georgia Lco 1935 New Mexico sers
TARDE 1e Leder 1935 New York, 1935
bye, SS roodo ec tag 1935 North Dakota e 1935
' Indiana NR 1936 Obio aa 1935
(E EEN 1935 Oklahoma .................. 1936
Kansas oeste: 1936 Pennsylvania .............. 1935
Kentucky cuis 1935 South Carolina............ 1936
Louisiana .............. 1935-36 Tennessee.................... 1935
Maine iusserit rna 1936. Vire. eon 1936
Maryland moss 1935 Wisconsin .................. 1935

Massachusetts.............. 1995 Wyoming «enia 1936

ALABAMA—1935
THREE THE SAME WEEK

In Alabama, the Grand Royal Arch Chapter meets on the
first Monday in December; the Grand Council of Royal and
Select Masters meets on Tuesday afternoon, and the Grand
Lodge meets on Tuesday evening and the following day. The
first session is at eight o'clock, p. m.; and it is stated that
the brethren of the Grand Lodge assembled in the Grand
Lodge hall at 6:30 p. m. for the purpose of receiving a visit
from the Grand Matron of the Order of the Eastern Star
and her staff of officers. Later that order is highly com-
mended.

The Grand Commandery of Knights Templar holds its
Annual Conclave separately, in the latter part of April.

APRON PRESENTED AGAIN

Grand Master Coke Smith Wright, elected at this Annual
Communication, is declared to be a native son of South Caro-
lina; to have practiced medicine briefly, to have received his
first Masonic light in Norfolk, Virginia, and to have renoun-
ced the practice of medicine for the life insurance business in
1911, going to Birmingham in that year. He is the chief
figure in a very unusual ceremony upon his installation, hav-
ing presented to him for the second time his Masonic lamb-
skin with all of the full ritual—this time, there is read a list
of all of his Masonic honors and degrees. He belongs to
all of the usual groups, but seems not to have striven greatly
enough to wear the purple in any except Symbolic Freema-
sonry, and the Eastern Star.

BANK ACCOUNT DISCOVERED

The Grand Master presiding, Most Worshipful Sam A.
Moore, tells us that an aged guest of the Masonic Home, James
Donovan, died during the year; and when the superintendent
of the Home disposed of his little lot of personal property,
this friendless old man was found to have had bank accounts
aggregating nearly three thousand dollars, which became the

(15)

16 MASONIC REVIEWS

property of the Home. Since funds have been running rather
short in Alabama Masonry of late, this little "find" did quite
a bit of good.

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES MUST ATTEND

There is in Alabama a section of the Masonic law which
states that if a Grand Representative fails to attend the An-
nual Communications for three successive years, his commis-
sion is forfeited. Accordingly, the commission of the Grand
Representative of North Carolina was at this session forfei-
ted for this reason. Our book gives the name as John R.
Thornton, Jr., of Abbeville. This seems to us to be very
good law, and whether it is in the statutes or within the pre-
rogatives of the Grand Master, we are of the opinion that
if a man does not attend the Communications of his Grand
Lodge he ought not to hold a commission before it as Grand
Representative ‘of another Grand Lodge; for the office of
Grand Representative is a matter not of active duties but of
the symbolism of unity in fraternity throughout the world;
and if such symbolic unity is so weak that its symbol is con-
sistently absent from that in which he is supposed to be
a representative of unity, then there is obviously a case of
reductio ad absurdum.

The Grand Master did the usual things that fall to the
lot of a Grand Master in Alabama, or elsewhere—appointed
Grand Representatives, granted a dispensation to organize
a new lodge, laid a cornerstone of a postoffice, nursed delin-
quent lodges; gave dispensations to hold elections out of time,
to initiate maimed candidates, to permit lodges to incur debts,
and so forth; suspended a Worshipful Master; and made
up his mind that Grand Lodge ought to put a stop to the
business of letting lodges get themselves hopelessly into debt.
and so recommended.

MEMBERSHIP CHANGES

Alabama has not yet quit suspending them. Ten per cent
of the membership at the beginning of the year was suspend-
ed before the year was over; but after its baptism of fire of
some years past, the Grand Lodge is now reinstating almost
as many as were suspended, and affiliating more than a thou-

ALABAMA 17

sand, so that the net loss is only 796 where it might have
been three or four times as many but for restorations.

MOBILE AND BIRMINGHAM GET LION's SHARE

It’s rather funny how the Grand Officers get bunched
up with respect to residence. Here, for instance, we find both
Deputy Grand Master and Junior Grand Warden from Mo-
bile; Grand Master, Grand Chaplain, both Grand Deacons
and Senior Grand Steward from Birmingham; while the
Grand Secretary of course lives at Montgomery, where also
reside the Grand Treasurer and the Grand Orator. The
Senior Grand Warden lives at Florence and the Grand Mar-
shal, Junior Grand Steward and Grand Tiler live in small
towns; New Castle, Cullman and Hartselle, respectively.

18 MASONIC REVIEWS

ARIZONA—1935-36
MASONIC WORK HEAVY ON GOLDWATER

We are here presenting a double header. The Annual is
held in March, and we are therefore enabled to use two books
at once. In the 1935 book, we observe that Grand Master
James Whetstine is also Grand High Priest of his Grand
Royal Arch Chapter and Grand Master of his Grand Coun-
cil of Royal and Select Masters. Indeed, they have a sort of
habit of doubling up on some of their workers in this won-
derful state. Here, for instance, is the venerable Morris Gold-
water, who was Most Worshipful Grand Master in 1888,
when this scribe was just learning to crawl on the floor.
They make him serve as Chairman of the Committee on
Jurisprudence; of the Committee on General Policy; and of
the Committee on Masonic History of Arizona, as- well as
appointing him as one of the Trustees of the Grand Lodge.

YUMA TEMPLE

The state of Arizona has been hard hit for some years
because of the condition of the copper mining industry. And
Yuma Lodge was caught in that financial stringency. It had
borrowed money from an insurance company to pay part of
the cost of a Masonic Temple. It had also borrowed six
thousand dollars from the Grand Lodge on what appears
to be a second mortgage. The insurance company foreclosed,
and the Grand Lodge up to this time is the loser of its note
and interest. The insurance company got the property.

In 1935 consideration was given to a proposal to make
the Grand Deacons and the Grand Stewards elective officers,
but it got thumbs down from the Jurisprudence Committee,
whose report was adopted. We seem to observe by com-
paring the books for 1935 and 1936 that the Stewards
and Deacons are advanced: but beyond this we do not see
any sequence of advancement very clearly. The Grand Sword
Bearer of 1935 becomes the Grand Junior Steward of 1936;
the Grand Standard Bearer of 1935 becomes next year the

Grand Marshal; the Grand Tiler of 1935 becomes the Grand
Standard Bearer in 1936.

ARIZONA . 19

TREATISE ON MATHEMATICS

The Oration presented by the Grand Orator of 1935
was a most unique document. Its subject was, "The Forty
Seventh Proposition of the First Book of Euclid"; and for
fifteen pages of the text, the speaker carries us through the
intricacies of quadratic equations, mathematical figures of
plane geometry, a learned treatise on some problems of pure
mathematics. This scribe well remembers having submitted
examination papers on algebra, geometry and trigonometry
which drew 100's, and still remembers enough to get a kick
out of the fifteen pages; but he just wonders how it register-
ed with the delegates to the Annual Communication of the
Grand Lodge of Arizona who had to listen to it—probably
without opportunity to see printed pages while doing so.

ONLY ONE NATIVE SON

And then in 1936, Grand Master E. H. McEacheren pre-
sided—a native of Nova Scotia. Indeed, we are indebted to
the pages devoted to the Proceedings of the 27th Annual of
the Past Grand Masters’ Association of Arizona for the in-
formation that of the twenty six Past Grand Masters of this
Grand Lodge, only one was born in Arizona—and he is
none other than the Grand Secretary, Harry Drachman. His
nativity is signalized by his middle name—the “A” stands
for Arizona.

Masonry Moves IN SPIRALS

The Grand Master tells us in this book that "Masonry
is again coming into its own’. Thus was it ever. Masonic
depressions are not closely related to financial depressions;
our gains began to recede in the direction of losses long before
the great Depression hit the nations of the earth or the stock
market broke in October, 1929; and these things move in
spirals—not in circles. One thinks we are going to come
back to where we started, and it looks like this is happening;
but as a matter of fact we come back to a point just above
that starting point, and then just keep on.

LODGE AT GRAND CANYON,

The book before us tells of a Special. Communication

20 MASONIC REVIEWS

of Grand Lodge at Grand Canyon in June, 1935, to consti-
tute Grand Canyon Lodge, No. 40. We therefore infer that
this tourist point has a fixed population as well, which is
large enough and sufficiently interested, to have a Masonic
Lodge. We like Grand Canyon in respect to everything except
one; they have to haul in drinking water in tank cars, if we
remember correctly—and then the fare they charge on that
branch line railroad— we seem to remember that it was about
ten cents per mile. But then there are two good highways
to Grand Canyon now, and so one can pay the price if one
wishes. There was another Special Communication to lay
the cornerstone of the Post Office at Winslow, which place
we remember well.

COOLIDGE TEMPLE

Another place which interests us is Coolidge—new town
which sprang up after the Coolidge Dam irrigation project
made howling deserts into very fertile lands. This, too, we
well remember;—and one recollection is, that it is one of `
the hottest places we ever saw. We also remember having
seen the Masonic Temple. It appears that there is a mortgage
for five thousand dollars and an account with a lumber
company for $1,400.00. The lodge is not in bad shape,
and the property is worth sixteen thousand dollars. The case
is left in the hands of proper officers of the Grand Lodge for
settlement of question whether Grand Lodge shall lend some
money to save it.

There comes before the Grand Lodge the question of
recognizing the Grand Lodge of Sweden. Not knowing what
to do, they put it off. The fact is, that the Grand Lodge of
Sweden is equally as regular as the Grand Lodge of Arizona

and very much older; and therefore Sweden should recognize
Arizona.

The Grand Lodge of Arizona has given attention to Pub-
lic Schools Week and has a special committee to arrange for
this. This committee and the Committee on Masonic Edu-
cation seem to have overlapping functions; and therefore they

are merged into one committee with the name "The Commit-
tee on Masonic Education”.

ARIZONA 21

GRAND REPRESENTATIVES WRITE FOREIGN
CORRESPONDENCE REPORT

This Grand Lodge has tried a very unique way to get its
Report on Foreign Correspondence prepared for the Proceed-
ings. Each Grand Representative has the duty of writing the
report on the Proceedings of the Grand Lodge which he
represents. Many of them do not write anything, and some
get others to pinch hit for them; and some who have the
thinnest books to review have the longer write-ups; but
taken altogether the results are much better than one might
expect. Summing the case up, we feel that if we were given
the opportunity to revise the list of Grand Representatives
with the express idea in mind of getting such as could and
would do this work, we could make it go and make the re-
port interesting. But if one should depend on the regular
run of Grand Representatives as at present appointed, one
would find that they were not appointed to do any writing
and would do a very amateurish job if they undertook any-
thing at all.

MASONIC WEEK AT PHOENIX

Masonic Week, March 8-12, 1936, at Phoenix, includ-
ed all of the Grand Bodies. On Sunday evening there was
a Devotional Service at Trinity Cathedral under the auspices
of the Grand Commandery, which met next morning. The
evening of the same day saw the Annual Assembly of the
Grand Council R. 6 S. M.; and on Tuesday the Grand
Royal Arch Chapter held its meeting. On Wednesday and
Thursday the Grand Lodge was in session. Also, on Wednes-
day and Thursday, in the Masonic Temple, the Grand Chap-
ter of the Order of the Eastern Star held its Annual Session.

22 MASONIC REVIEWS

ARKANSAS—1935
PREACHER—MAIL CARRIER GRAND MASTER

This book opens with the sketch and picture of Grand
Master elect and installed, Conrad N. Glover, who was edu-
cated as a minister and as a teacher, and who got an appoint-
ment as Rural Mail Carrier out of Sheridan and has stuck
to this job for twenty one years. He is also pastor of the
Baptist church at Sheridan. He went overseas in 1918 as a
wireless operator. He served as Grand Orator of the Grand

Lodge in 1929.
COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE

His predecessor, Grand Master James B. Bunn, presiding
at the Annual of November, 1929, laid several cornerstones;
one, of a courthouse; others, of a church and a post office.
He had by resolution been directed to appoint a committee
to investigate any organizations in Arkansas which were
teaching atheism: he appointed the committee, and its report
is in the book. It seems that the state legislature about the
same time appointed a similar committee, and the work of
this is made the subject of the report of a Grand Lodge
committee which per se never even met. The committee of
the Legislature reported at such a time that its report never
received much attention, and hence its findings still make
news to the Masons. It is stated that the Legislature received
the report and uttered no word of disapproval as a result.
The real objective was to investigate Commonwealth Col-
lege. an institution of communism which happened to be
founded in Arkansas rather than elsewhere for reasons not
here apparent. There is quoted the testimony of officials of
this college before the legislative committee. All, being called
to testify under oath. declared that the phrase "So help me,
God". meant nothing to them. None believed in the Bible or
knew anything about it. The head of it was Luchien Koch,
and its secretary. Charlotte Moskowitz. It is interesting to
read that Koch's predecessor is now head of an important
department of the U. S. Government work in Washington,
according to the book before us. It is also interesting to read

ARKANSAS 23

that certain pastors of evangelical Christian churches open-
ly defend Commonwealth College.

GRAND MASTER FIFTY YEARS AGO

This Commonwealth matter requires more space in the
book than any one other item. Next is the space devoted to
honoring friend Thomas Chauncey Humphrey, remembering
that he is now celebrating the fiftieth anniversary of his in-
stallation as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Arkansas
—a most deserved and graceful act on the part of this Grand
Lodge. He studied medicine after being discharged from the
Confederate Armies, and then went to college again to read
law, which he has since actively practiced, along with politics.
He went to Indian Territory in 1900, and three or four years
later was made Foreign Correspondent there, first of the
Grand Lodge of Indian Territory and later of Oklahoma
after statehood. He always attends Arkansas Grand Lodge,
as well as that of his adoption. i

THE STATUS OF LIQUOR

One of the matters which received attention by the Grand
Lodge was that perplexing question about liquor and those
who handle it. Grand Lodge rather definitely relaxed its
stand on this matter. It adopted a committee report about it
which in substance stated that there is no recession from the
high principles of Freemasonry; but that it is felt that the
judgment of the local lodge shall have its way in the adju-
dication of particular cases, and that certain Grand Lodge le-
gislation whose nature we do not know, be repealed; and
that further consideration go over one year and that certain
committees carefully study the matter. The book is quite
unusual in that, on page 112, it gives in full an official letter
of the new Grand Master to the lodges about liquor, sent out
a month after the Annual Communication. The minister urg-
es the lodges to refrain from letting the bars down, reminding
them that Grand Lodge edicts on the subject of years past
are still in force arid effect.

How Many Dip THEY LOSE?

This book is one of the few volumes of American Pro-

24 MASONIC REVIEWS

ceedings which do not tell us clearly what the net gain or
loss for the year is. We seem to observe that the sum of rais-
ings, affiliations and reinstatements is 2709, while the di-
missions, deaths, suspensions and expulsions is apparently
3810, which would make the net loss 1101, in 463 lodges
with 23,497 members. Incidentally, Arkansas has the smal-
lest lodges in the United States, the average membership per
lodge being less than 50 Master Masons. North Carolina
comes next, while the District of Columbia, Massachusetts
and Rhode Island have the largest.

Arkansas has not had a Foreign Correspondence Report
for several years.

CALIFORNIA 25

CALIFORNIA—1935

AcTs OF WHITING

Grand Master Randolph Virginius Whiting, presiding
at the Annual of October 8-11, is the nephew of the late
Past Grand Master George C. Whiting of the Grand Lodge
of the District of Columbia. When he went to Washington
in February, 1935, Geo. C. Whiting Lodge gave a delight-
ful reception in his honor, which we attended. He is the
Reporter of Decisions for the Supreme Court of California.
Among his decisions as announced to the Grand Lodge in his
official address are several which are of more than passing
interest. One of them is to the effect that the secretary or
the master of a lodge may not issue a letter setting forth to
an Eastern Star chapter the Masonic standing of a member
of the lodge, without the consent of the brother. In some
quarters it is held that such official information may not be
given to the O. E. S., whether the Masons desire it or not.

VISIFOR CANNOT OBJECT

In decision number six it is set forth that after a candi-
date was initiated in a certain lodge, "one not a member"
made objection to said candidate. The members of the lodge
seemed not to see eye to eye with this visitor, or outsider,
and unanimously “‘overruled the objection". It is held that
objection by an outsider has no status, and that the action
was valid and that the candidate may be advanced regularly.

THE DOCTRINE OF THE PERFECT YOUTH

In another decision somebody wrote to the Grand Master
stating that the Master elect of his lodge had lost a hand and
asking whether he is eligible to be installed as Master. It is
ruled that he is, "provided that he is able to perform the
duties of that office". In another case somebody complained
that a Warden-elect had a stiff knee. It is held that this does
not disqualify him. But you must not get the impression
from these incidents, that California is indifferent to the old
doctrine of physical perfection—not a bit of it. The Grand
Master heard that a certain lodge had raised a candidate who
had lost "an eye and a leg; but he was a man of excellent

26 MASONIC REVIEWS

moral qualifications to be made a-Mason. The Grand Mas-

ter wrote some very scorching letters to the Lodge and its

Master. It appears that the candidate had been elected and ini-

tiated before the present Master was installed; that he was-
not present when the candidate was passed; but he was pre-

sent when the man was raised. This Master gets a towering

rebuke, ordered to be read in lodge as a reprimand to the

whole lodge. Well, we here in North Carolina have thrown

this old doctrine of physical perfection of candidates into the

ashcan insofar as it might finally prevent such a man from

becoming a Mason. If a petition is received from such a man

in this state, we ask the Grand Master to give a dispensation

to receive it, and we determine whether such petitioner is
likely ever to become a charge upon the fraternity, and the
lodge is sole judge of whether he shall be received. Moreover,

even before we went that far in abrogating the doctrine of the
perfect youth, it had been held and was our law, that maim
after initiation should not ever be of itself a bar to passing
and raising. While we aren't out to criticize California law
or to tell Californians what not to do, we frankly can't see
the justice in raising the very deuce with the officer who
raised this man who was wished off on him by a predecessor,
unless the Grand Master got the other officer's name from the
records and first punished him—and even then, we hold that
if a man is regularly initiated after petition without misrepre-
sentation on his part, he should be duly raised without a yell
at the officer who does it, even though an error of law was
committed in his initiation.

CAN THE SHRINE BE PUT UNDER THE BAN?

“Objectionable activities of groups and organization:
which prescribe membership in the Blue Lodge as a prere-
quisite" gave the Grand Master some pains. This long phras
means succinctly that the Shrine or the Grotto or the Scio
groups put on raffles or lottery schemes to raise money anc
these activities did not do Masonry any good. He notes tha
in certain jurisdictions, individuals who have participate:
in such illegal activities have been individually disciplined
but he says this is not what he would consider the best wa’
to deal with the evil. He thinks that "serious consideratio:

CALIFORNIA 27

should be given to the advisability of putting under the ban
any such organization" as does things repugnant to Ma-
sonic concepts. We have not thought it through as he has,
perhaps; but we do not at this moment have the slightest idea
that the Grand Lodge of California is going to tell all Shri-
ners in California to get out of the Shrine, even though the
Shriners should repeat the lottery experience of the days when
the Imperial Council went there a few years ago, all of which
was fully aired in the book of Grand Lodge Proceedings of
that year.

Then Grand Master Whiting has in his address para-
graphs on ‘‘Subversive Activities", dealing with Communism;
“Bigotry and Intolerance’, and "Our Naturalized Brethren’’;
this last noting that in a certain lodge they got up a bitter
dispute concerning "affairs of foreign countries", which re-
sulted in "serious inharmony’’. Communistic activities give
much trouble on the Pacific Coast, in California, Oregon and
Washington.

HE CHEWED HIs TOBACCO QUIETLY

The Grand Master urges vigilance to the end that Mason-
ic funerals shall be conducted with proper decorum, because
"the world is slow to praise but quick to criticize". He men-
tions a funeral in which the Past Master who was conducting
it "spat tobacco juice near the head of the open grave". He
adds that "ut is needless to say that this Past Master has acted
in that capacity for the last time". We would not question
this last statement, but we wonder what has been done, that
he is so sure about it. It is possible that we may have seen
Masonic funerals in our experience, in which the expectoration
of tobacco juice would not be so much out of keeping with
the man whose remains were being interred—-would not,
perhaps, be so far from what one might expect. In vary-
ing circumstances, Masonic funerals are the expression of en-
vironmental factors. What would certainly be a ‘‘disgraceful
exhibition” in the Grand Master's lodge might pass unnoticed
in some places that might be thought of.

California Masonry does much good to the cause of public
education by its annual observance of "Public Schools Week",
which is well nigh a universal observance there. We could

28 MASONIC REVIEWS

wish that there might be such in equally effective manner in
other states. Perhaps if we had it in North Carolina, the rank-
ing of our school system here would be nearer what California
ranks in public education among the states, and not so near
the absolute bottom among them all.

INTERESTING PROCEDURES AT MASONIC HOMES

California has two Masonic Homes—one at Decoto, and
the other at Covina. We are not going to discuss either of
these at length—we only quote verbatim some paragraphs
about the Covina home from its superintendent’s report, as
follows:

THE CHILDREN’S MONEY

We have continued the plan heretofore in use for several years, of
paying the older children for much of their work in the Home, and in turn
requiring them to pay for their clothing and incidentals. Their wages are
determined on a sliding scale, the variable quantities of which are their
age and the quality of their work. Payments to them average about
$1.35 per week. Given to them without charge are their board, room,
and medical care; everything else they must pay for. They have equal
chances for employment and equal opportunities in every way, at least
as near as we can make it so, but they show surprising differences in their
earnings and financial status. Among them are rich and poor, misers and
beggars. We think that what they learn about money, how to spend it,
save it. give it, how to earn what they receive and not beg it, makes this
system well worth the considerable cost of maintaining it.

CAMP TUCKER

The children were taken to Camp Tucker on Balboa Island on Jum
26th and remained there until August 28th. The Camp was most success:
ful, and the children left it with regret after two months of swimming
boating, fishing, and freedom from those responsibilities and regulation:
which must be theirs at Covina. One group gained on an average of GC
pounds in weight in two months. Aside from the healthfulness of thi
vacation, it has wonderful value in satisfying the natural longing of chil
dren for variety and change. Delightful as the scene at Covina is, it woul
not be well for a child to be confined to it continuously during the year
of his membership in the Home. When they come back from the Balbo
Camp, the Covina Home looks good to them again.

OUTSIDE CARE

The modern child-caring agency must have at its command facilitie
to meet the varying needs of many children. Institutional care is not alway
the answer. ‘Some children of nervous temperament do not thrive a
members of a large group. Special conditions of physical disability some
times require treatment not available at Covina. Occasionally there is

CALIFORNIA 29

child with sex tendencies that dictate its speedy removal to a foster home
where there are no other children.

For one or another of these causes we have had under our supervi-
sion during the past year 49 children belonging to 22 families, either in
their mothers’ homes or in foster homes, their care being paid for from
Outside Relief funds. The supervision and management of these cases
has been carried on most ably ‘as a part of the duty of Miss Catherine Noel,
our field worker. i ;

CLANDESTINE MASONRY NOT IMPORTANT

There is a very interesting report concerning clandestine
Masonry in California, by a special committee appointed to
investigate such. It is in substance reported that the Rito Na-
cional Mexicano is the chief sinner. Inasmuch as, even in Mex-
ico, this is regarded by its neighbors as a Masonic bastard, lit-
tle comment is required. There is the ‘Mexican Grand Lodge
of Texas”, whose name speaks for itself. The next group is
of Filipino residents of California, which was quite active
formerly; but now that the Philippines have started toward
independence, it is stated that this group is now dormant be-
cause of the exodus of its members. There are also the Negro
groups; there are two of these Grand Lodges in California.
Our observation has shown that the Negro Grand Lodges
have gone dead these past few years for the reason that before
the depression they went into insurance business and this got
them into financial difficulties from which they cannot ex-
tricate themselves; wherefore it will be a long time before
these Negro groups will stage a comeback.

30 MASONIC REVIEWS

COLORADO—1935
COOPER PASSES ON

At the Annual Communication held at Denver, Septem-
ber 17, 1935, Grand Master Charles A. Patton presided. This
was the last Annual for Grand Secretary William W. Cooper;
for he passed away not long afterward. He was a true Ma-
sonic scholar. .His books for candidates were exceedingly
well written.

DISPENSATIONS GRANTED

` The Grand Master lists his dispensations granted i in tab-
ular form. It seems that it is necessary to get a special. dis-
pensation to hold a special communication of a lodge in Col-
orado—at least, some sorts of specials; for we find some dis-
pensations for this purpose. And if a petitioner for the de-
grees has lost a limb, the lodge must get a dispensation before
it can receive such a petition. “There were six cases like this.
Then there were nine cases which he describes as "to examine
and ballot a few hours previous to regular time of opening
lodge".

More MEDALS NEEDED

This is another of the Grand Lodges which made provi-
sion for "Fifty Year Decorations", or medals for those who
have been Master Masons in good standing for fifty years in
Colorado. One year ago the Grand Lodge set aside $285.00
for this purpose, and this would get only the first one hund-
red of the Jewels. It was necessary to exceed the appropriation
by an additional $390.00, and to get altogether two hundred
and fifty medals.

BUILDING PROJECTS CONTROLLED

In Colorado the Masonic law seems to be quite strict in
prohibiting the business of piling up lodge indebtedness fo:
buildings and so forth. Thus we find one lodge seeking per:
mission to buy a three thousand dollar real estate item for the
purpose of getting a lodge room. It necessitated exceeding thi
limit fixed by $820— whatever this means—but he gave hi:
consent. And also it is necessary that a hall which it is in.

COLORADO 31

tended to use for lodge purposes shall be inspected by a repre-
sentative of the Grand Master before it may be so used, and
we find an instance of such an inspection.

SANDS MADE HONORARY MEMBER

. That was a signal honor which was conferred on Her-
bert S. Sands, when, because of his faithful work as chair-
man of the Committee of Trustees of Benevolent Funds over
a long term of years, he is unanimously made an honorary
member of the Grand Lodge—an honor theretofore conferred
on only two other men.

THIRTY SIX PER CENT OF MEMBERS NON RESIDENT

This book, in the Report of the Grand Lecturer, gives us
some very interesting figures about the condition of the
lodges. The Grand Lecturer says he visited 144 of the 147
lodges in the state, and got reports from the other three. There
were 3,457 lodge communications in the state, or an average
of 23 per lodge, of which 18 were stated and five were special.
This report shows that the percentage of attendance based on
resident members was nineteen; based on total members,
twelve. It is revealed that 64 per cent of the total member-
ship live within the jurisdiction of their lodges; thus, thirty
six per cent of the membership, on the average, of the Colora-
do lodges, are non-resident members. The median dues are
six dollars. The median fees for the degrees are sixty dol-
lars. We are interested to observe that forty three lodges fix
a.fee for affiliation, the median being ten dollars. But eight
lodges have an affiliation fee of twenty five dollars. The
total assets of all Colorado lodges are valued at $2,185,300,
of which $1,247,500.00 is in the "building and sites” col-
umn. When he comes to study proficiency, the Grand Lec-
turer finds that 73 of the Masters can confer any degree in
full, and not a single Master was unable to confer any part
of any degree, while thirty one of them could confer only
parts of degrees.

Reviewer Stanley C. Warner writes a Ve document,
and we are indebted to him for his interesting comment on
North Carolina.

32 MASONIC REVIEWS

CONNECTICUT—1935-36

LopGES LARGER

This Grand Lodge has 128 lodges, with 38,318 members,
or about 300 members per lodge, which is some six times the .
size of an Arkansas lodge and four times the size of a North
Carolina lodge.

DISPENSATIONS To BURY

At the 1935 Annual Communication, at which Most
Worshipful Brother James E. Brinckerhoff presided, every
one of the 128 lodges was represented. In some cases there was
one representative the first day and a proxy in his place the
second day, or vice versa. The Grand Master reports that his
first dispensation was to the superintendent of the Walling-
ford Masonic Home to permit a Brother Bossidy to conduct
the Masonic burial service for all deceased members at the Ma-
sonic Home if entitled to Masonic burial, during the year.

: CHILDREN CARED For AT HOME

The Wallingford Home looked after 508 wards. Of
these, 203 were “‘outside’’ cases. The Connecticut Masonic
Charity Foundation puts the 305 cases of adults for whom
no other facilities are available, in the Home proper. Ninety
seven of these are hospital cases. It does not mix the chil-
dren with the aged. Its theory is that children are better cared
for in normal home environment than in any institution,
and that institutionalized children have smaller prospect of
being able to succeed in the world outside after being thrown
on their own, than those who come from good homes. There-
fore the children are called ‘‘outside’’ cases.

REMEMBER THIS ONE
We find in the list of lodges one whose name interests
us—Oxoboxo Lodge, No. 116, of Montville, Conn., a lodge
of some 197 members. We don't know where Lodge No.
116, got its name, but that name is what the rhetoricians call
a palindrome—that is, a name which can be spelled back-
ward or forward without change.

LEAP YEAR BIRTHDAY
Presiding at the 148th Annual on February 5 and 6,

CONNECTICUT 33

1936, was Grand Master Ernest L. Prann. Elected and in-
stalled at the time was Most Worshipful Brother Arthur F.
Lewis, who is rector of Saint Michael’s church in Nauga-
tuck, Conn. If you are looking for the unusual, note that
Grand Master Lewis was born on February 29th, 1872, and
thus has had only.sixteen birthdays in his life.

NAME CHANGED

The Grand Lodge of Connecticut was originally chartered
exactly by that name, since in those early days that was all
that was necessary. The same was true with respect to the
Grand Lodge of North Carolina. Now, however, it is felt
that the name should be more properly descriptive, and it
is by legislative enactment changed to "Grand Lodge of An-
cient Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Connecticut’’;
but the act of General Assembly of the State of Connecticut
is to be effective only when the Grand Lodge accepts, ap-
proves and adopts it. This is at the beginning of this Annual
Communication duly done and the new name is now effec-
tive, and the front of the book of Proceedings accordingly
is adorned with a new seal showing the new name.

KiEs PASSES ON

The Annual Communication was deeply saddened. Af-
ter Past Grand Master George Allen Kies read his report as
Fraternal Correspondent on the first day, he went home and
there suddenly and peacefully expired. Since the Grand
Lodge was providing a set of cinematograph equipment for
the Home and needed something to complete the job, it is
voted that the salary of Past Grand Master Kies for 1936
(the new year) which was voted before he passed on, be used
to complete the fund for this equipment and that it be named
the George A. Kies Memorial. Brother Kies had lived to the
ripe old age of 82 years. We mourn his passing. We came
to know him soon after writing our first Fraternal Corres-
pondence Report in 1922. To know him was to love him.

GAMBLING RAMPANT

Grand Master Prann reported trouble with gambling de-
vices and other prostitutions of the good name of Masonry.
His successor exhorted the brethren to "live up to the Na-

34 MASONIC REVIEWS

tional Law and Masonic tradition" about these things as his
final word before closing the Grand Lodge. What will be-
come of the present tendency to flaunt all sorts of games of
chance before the public, we do not know. Stores are full of
slot machines, the most of which are fixed against the player;
all sorts of organizations are importuned by.corporations or-
ganized for purpose, to get up lottery schemes to make mon-
ey and many of these fall for them and there are no prosecu-
tions; all of the fairs are full of games of chance; betting is
rampant, law or no law; fashionable clubs possess and use all
sorts of gambling machines, faro, roulette and the rest; punch-
boards can be found everywhere. It is not unheard of that re-
ligious organizations resort to lottery schemes to get money.
The Irish Sweeps get on the front pages of the papers as news
and the ticket-buyers are numbered in six or seven figures in
the United States, many of whom get phoney tickets and do
not ever know it. The disintegrating effect of these things is
even greater than that of alcohol was under prohibition or is at
this time. It seems to us that Masonry has a mission to stand
for something better than this demoralizing stuff.

The Per Capita Tax on Masonic Lodges in Connecti-
cut is $2.50, of which the fifty cents runs the Grand Lodge
and the two dollars runs the Masonic Charity Foundation.
This is much the same as in North Carolina.

The Masonic Home has been severely stricken in the
death of Superintendent James C. Tucker on August 31,
1935. He assumed the office in January 1934, succeeding
P. G. M. Andrew J. Hallock. The new Superintendent is
George H. Haines.

We could not better close this document than by quoting
the last review of North Carolina by friend George Kies, as

follows, submitted to Grand Lodge a few hours before he
died:

, . As usual J. Edward Allen writes the review 60-pages. Much of it
is devoted to valuable data on foreign Grand Lodges, also his customary
Statistical tables, which we have been told are the work of Mrs. Allen.

His review of Connecticut cites with approval the action of our
Grand Master in stamping out the proposed lottery scheme. But he be-
lieves the offending Lodge should not have been forgiven so easily. Having
defied the Grand Master and Grand Lodge, an exemplary discipline should
have been administered. Many will agree.

DELAWARE 35

DELAWARE—1935

WHAT GoES INTO THE CORNERSTONE

The Annual Communication was held on October 2,
1935, and Grand Master William O. Wingate presided, be-
ing succeeded by Most Worshipful Brother Harris Samonisky.

There were three Special Communications during the
year. The first was to lay the cornerstone of the magnifi-
cent Pierre S. DuPont High School in the city of Wilming-
ton. The next was to lay the cornerstone of the public school
building at Christiana, and the last, to lay another corner-
stone; that of the H. C. Conrad Public School just outside
the city of Wilmington. Every Grand Lodge has its own
peculiar requirements concerning these ceremonies; in Dela-
ware the ritual as printed into the record of what happened
is, “The Cornerstone, in which had been placed, among other
things, a silver Square, Compasses and Letter G emblem, was
laid in accordance with the customs and usages of the Craft”.
This is repeated in all three cases.

HUGH (!)

At the Annual, it is reported that 21 of the 22 lodges
were represented; one hundred and forty six Past Masters, ex-
clusive of the Grand or Past Grand Officers, were present, of
which latter there were 53. There were only 35 representa-
tives of lodges; that's what the book says, and we suppose
it is correct, though it looks small. Indeed, the Distinguished
Visitors were almost as many, being 29 in number, from ten
sister Grand Lodges. Among them were Grand Master New-
comb and the Grand Secretary, from North Carolina. The
Grand Master reports that he went to Washington for the
meetings of the week of February 22. He mentions the fact
that Past Grand Master Poteat of North Carolina was placed
on the Executive Commission of the Masonic Service Asso-
ciation in place of Brother Valliant of Delaware. But he calls
him Hugh Poteat! Not yet do we have a Hughey Poteat
among our celebs, nor a Huey.

WALLER DROPPED
North Carolina gets into the book still yet again. The

36 MASONIC REVIEWS

Grand Lodge of Delaware has its Gunning Bedford, Jr.,
Scholarship Fund, with eight beneficiaries for the year, the
value of the scholarship being $125 per year. Among the
scholarship persons was one Mr. Olan E. Waller, who at-
tended the University of North Carolina. He was dropped
from the scholarship roll because of deficiency in scholarship
marks at that institution.

Wi

HoME NOTES

The Masonic Home of Delaware has twenty nine guests.
The cost of operating it for the year was eighteen thousand
dollars, of which six thousand came from dues and initia-
tion fees, seven thousand from investments and capital, two
thousand from the Home farm, and the rest from donations
and. miscellaneous sources. This would make the per capita
cost something more than six hundred dollars, which is quite
reasonable. The smaller the institution, the higher the total
per capita cost. Reviewer Thomas J. Day notes in his re-
port that the per capita cost of our Home at. Greensboro, with
66 guests there, is $296.48.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 37

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA—1935

The Lodge System of Masonic Education, which is in
use in North Carolina, is partly copied from the system used
in the District of Columbia, where it has been used for sev-
eral years. The reports in this volume show that its use is
quite uniform; that the number of candidates for the degrees
has greatly increased and the work of the committees to in-
struct them has multiplied also.

DUTIES OF GRAND OFFICERS

The Grand Master presiding is Most Worshipful Brother
Bob Regar—we mean, he presided over the two Stated Com-
munications and the two Specials during the year. The Special
Communications were called to conduct the funerals of Past
Grand Masters Jacob and Coolidge. Grand Master Regar
has for many years been connected with the Postoffice De-
partment. The Grand Officers of the District are no fig-
ureheads. The Grand Master sets aside the months of Octo-
ber and November to visit all lodges; and when he gets up
his schedule, he notifies every officer of the Grand Lodge.
Then it becomes the duty of each Grand Officer to climb in-
to his dress suit and to accompany the Grand Master on each
visitation. When an officer in the line has done this each year
for nine years, he has become quite familiar with the situation.
At the visitation, a formula of inspection is carried out. This
year the Grand Master told them to have some entertainment
or a good address at these occasions. It is stated that at one
of them, Dr. Hooper, Grand Master of Virginia, spoke; and
at another, Harris Samonisky, Grand Master of Delaware,
did the same. We don’t know the latter brother, but know-
ing Dr. Hooper, we feel safe in saying that entertainment
and Masonry were well balanced.

SOME FROM Across THE LINE

'The Grand Master set out to get the law changed so that
persons living in those parts of Washington City which are
just over the line in Maryland may join District of Columbia
lodges. Somebody construed the law some years ago to mean
that the Grand Master cannot issue to a lodge a dispensation
to receive the petition of any person who is not a resident of

38 MASONIC REVIEWS

the District. The District is supposed to be a square, ten
miles to a side; and city population does not follow such rec-
tangles and imaginary lines, so complications have arisen,
which have prejudiced the Masonic cause. Two persons
would live in houses 100 feet apart, and work in the same
office in a building in Washington; yet, according to the pre-
vailing construction of the law, one would petition a D. C.
lodge, while the other would have to go to a Maryland
lodge some miles in the opposite direction. “The construction
of law is duly changed. Now, the Grand. Lodge officer of
the D. C. asks the Grand Lodge officer of Maryland to permit
a waiver of jurisdiction over Mr. X., who lives on the Mary-
land side of the line but in the city, and after such is granted,
he petitions a D. C. lodge.

APPOINTIVE OFFICERS

'Then somebody introduced, at the May communication
of Grand Lodge, resolution to amend the Constitution mak-
ing all officers of Grand Lodge elective except the Grand
Tiler, who alone is to be appointed. Thus the elective of-
ficers include Grand Deacons, Grand Stewards, Grand Lec-
turer, Grand Chaplain and Assistant, Grand Marshal, Grand
Sword Bearer, and Grand Pursuivant. If all of these except
Grand Lecturers and Grand Chaplains are to be in the "ad.
vancing line", it's going to take many years of a man's time
to go from bottom to top. We in North Carolina have elim-
inated the Grand Swordswallower and the Grand Pussyfoot
from our number entirely. In England, the number of elec-
tive officers is quite small; the number of appointive offi-
tive officers is very great and the number of honoris causa
officers is legion—and those brethren do appreciate them, too.
For a man to be entitled to the privilege of affixing to his
name the initials P. A. G. D. Cerms.; or P. G. St. B. is ar
honor much coveted; and when you get up to P. G. S. D..—
that is an honor of outstanding significance. "There are nc
Past Grand Masters. We understand that King Edward is tc
accept either this title or one similar.

CLAUDY STARTED
In passing, we note that Carl Claudy, Executivc Secre

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 39

tary of the Masonic Service Association, is the new Grand
Junior Steward of this Grand Lodge and we congratulate
both it and him. It is to be noted also that the Junior Grand
Warden is none other than Brother Leonard P. Steuart, who
is Imperial Potentate of the Mystic Shrine, presiding at the
big meeting of July, 1935, which went to Washington. His
Grand Lodge donates a thousand dollars to the expense fund,
in honor of him.

TEMPLE HEIGHTS

Whenever a Reviewer, writing about the Grand Lodge
of the District, runs out of something to say, he can turn to
the United Masonic Temple project, launched many years
ago. They bought this beautiful hill which is named '"Tem-
ple Heights", at a cost of nine hundred thousand dollars.
They have paid $554,000.00 of this. The interest on the
debt is now seventeen thousand dollars per year. Some of
the men have gotten a bit restless about this and a resolution
was introduced declaring that the "project has become un-
sound and far beyond the resources of the Grand Lodge"
and directing sale of its land. It was ruled that this was out
of order. The Temple project then got a sort of vote of con-
fidence.

BRAZIL AND JURISDICTIONAL MATTERS

Reviewer James A. West, P. G. M., is on his job, writing
well. He has a good introduction. In it he notes that the
Grand Lodge of Parahyba of Brazil protests against the for-
mation of a District Grand Lodge of Brazil by The Grand
Lodge of England, and Reviewer West thinks England should
not have formed the District Grand Lodge because of the
doctrine of exclusive territorial jurisdiction. Well, there are
two or more sides to this question. In the first place, the
Grand Lodge of England has for many years recognized the
old Grand Orient of Brazil, and it must be remembered that
the Grand Lodge of Parahyba is so young that it is not quite
dry behind the ears and England does not recognize it at
all, so far as our inspection of the English Masonic Year-
book shows. We do not have the latest Yearbook, but are
confident that the one we have shows the present facts with

40 MASONIC REVIEWS

respect to Brazil’s status. These Latin American Grand
Lodges do not know sometimes what recognizes them; we
have before us three patents as Grand Representative of Grand
Lodges which our Grand Lodge has never recognized. Bra-
zil’s Masonry as England sees it is the old Grand Orient. Why
she sees it that way is another story which we might tell, but
it would not be pertinent here. Brazil’s Masonry, to England,
is not any of the new Grand Lodges. The Grand Orient did
not object to the British District Grand Lodge. Incidentally,
we were in London, and at Sir Colville Smith’s office when he
was in Brazil looking over the situation. We submit to Fra-
ter West that England’s position in this is logical to the ex-
treme, and when the Grand Lodge of Parahyba “‘solemnly sus-
pended Masonic relations with the Grand Lodge of England",
it did not suspend much. ‘There weren’t any. Moreover,
the United Grand Lodge of England, and the other British
Grand Lodges, do not set up any doctrine of exclusive terri-
torial jurisdiction. England, Scotland and Ireland, all have
lodges in Australia, in the midst of strong Grand Lodges.
They all work together in Africa, China and the islands of
the seas. They respect the American viewpoint about the
matter in North America; in South America, not at all. Eng-
land has her own standards of recognition, and she also ex-
ercises her right to interpret and apply them as she sees fit.
She recognizes some Grand Lodges of Scottish Rite origin;
others she does not. She does things in a manner which
sometimes looks peculiar to us; but the late Sir Alfred Rob-
bins and others have been very fine Masonic statesmen, mis-
sionaries and diplomats; and in the long run, what England
does is going to help the cause or we lose our bet. And—in
Masonry as in other things, England’s foreign policy looks
out for her nationals as well as for international good will;
don’t forget that.

FLORIDA 41

FLORIDA—1935-36

The 1935 Book of Proceedings of Florida tells of the
death of Grand Secretary Wilber Page Webster, which oc-
curred on January 29, 1935, at Jacksonville. He had been
Grand Secretary for 39 years, and was seventy seven years
old. His place as Grand Secretary is filled by Past Grand
Master J. S. B. Moyer.

DELANEY’S DECISIONS

‘At this Annual the presiding Grand Master was M.'.W.'.
Bro. Fred W. Delaney. He has a very interesting Official
Address—not that it deals with things of such outstanding
importance, but with items of a "different" sort. For in-
stance, one lodge has found the way out of the embarrass-
ments occasioned by relieving members of dues when they
cannot pay, by providing a form for application to be placed
on the "Emeritus List for a period of one year". The bro-
ther has to give information about himself. One question
which must be answered is, "Have you paid any dues or
fees during the last twelve months to any lodge, civic or fra-
ternal organization, and if so, to which, and how much?"
Then there is a certain lodge which wished to help in the
project of printing Bro. Wallace Cheeves' History of Free-
masonry in Florida by assessing each member a dollar and
giving to each a copy of it. Bro. Cheeves has done much
work on this history, and it is a pity to have to report that
the Grand Master had to rule the process above as not per-
missible. It is also regrettable to report that the publication
of the book had to be postponed indefinitely for lack of funds.
There has been a great revival of interest in Masonic history
throughout the country which should not be dampened by
"insufficient funds". We have had good reason to know.

FLORIDA'S STANDARDS OF RECOGNITION

'Then Grand Master DeLaney granted some dispensations
—many of which would be unnecessary in this state. One was
to a lodge to hold a business meeting "on the ground floor"
of a certain building; but if the lodge has degree work, it
must go to another lodge's hall. One Sigurd Johnson Sol-

42 MASONIC REVIEWS

heim was a seafaring man, and had been passed but had to
go to sea. Biscayne Bay Lodge got a dispensation to “waive
fellowcraft examination". This would be unknown with us;
our Grand Lodge recognizes other Grand Lodges throughout
the world, and any seafaring-man can get his degree conferred
by courtesy by our request without any excessive waiting.
But Florida recognizes only a few Grand Lodges other than
English-speaking, since her new Standards of Recognition,
if we remember correctly, permit her to recognize only a
Grand Lodge tracing descent from the British Grand Lodges.
It ie interesting that England herself, the Mother Grand
Lodge, does not so limit herself in extending recognition, and
recognizes a number of Grand Lodges which do not so trace
their descent—some in South America, for instance. So Flor-
ida’s list of fraternal exchanges is much smaller than ours.
This may explain the “hurry-up work" for the seafaring man
without his learning his work.

DECISIONS: BLACK CUBES

The Grand Master wouldn't let the lodge at New Smyr-
na give the use of its hall to the Hi-Y boys for a candle-light
service on a Sunday night; but his act was disapproved. He
had put up to him a case of a member who had been sus-
pended and thereafter had become insane. Question: May
the lodge reinstate him? Answer: A lodge may not rein-
state an insane person. This sounds logical: he is not compe-
tent to apply in writing for reinstatement. In law, an in-
sane man cannot enter a plea in court. In the case of DeFuni-
ak Springs Lodge it is held that the appropriation of money
annually for the presentation of a medal for scholarship in a
high school is legal. In still another case, a man was balloted
upon for initiation and the ballot was 100% clear. Later it
was discovered that the box contained only one black cube
among the white balls. The lodged asked whether the ballot
was valid, and was told to do it over again with "a proper
number of black cubes and white balls". We are not told what
"a proper number” is. One could conceive of a number of
embarrassing situations which might arise in line with this
ruling. We have seen meetings of lodges with large member-
ship, there being a special occasion, in which the lodge had

FLORIDA B 43`

petitions to ballot on and several hundred members pre-
sent. Such lodges had never had more than a couple of dozen
black cubes. All might have wanted to use them. In such a
case, what would be "a proper number”? In our own lodge
we have seen members approach the ballot box, advise the
Master that they "could not do their duty” and pass on with-
out dropping in anything—those preceding them had used
all of the blacks. If it takes only one black ball to keep a
man out and that one is available for use, and is not used,
we are wondering what is wrong with the ballot. And if it is
used, what more would be accomplished by the use of 999
more? Of course, these questions are asked with no know-
ledge of, or reference to, Florida law.

CARED For As NON-RESIDENTS

The Masonic Home of Florida reports that it has 169
guests, but that 48 of these are non-residents. There are
fifty adults and 119 children. It is not stated how many of
the non-residents are children. It is gratifying to observe that
the rule of common-sense prevails in aiding non-residents.
In the cases of adults and of children as well, there are many
who ought to be cared for by Masonry but ought not to
be placed in institutions. If a Master Mason’s widow can
with the aid of Masonry keep her children together at home,
and if a fit person to do so, at home they should stay. Ma-
sonry should not be a party to the breaking up of such a
home solely because smitten by the hand of poverty. To say
that God blessed homes before He did institutions is not to
utter a phrase that rolls well from the tongue only, but to
intimate some profound truths.

In Florida the Degree of Past Master is conferred upon
those who have been elected and installed in their lodges as
the masters thereof; and the list of them is put into the book.
We are not told what happened to those who did not get
the degree.

APPEAL AFTER EIGHT YEARS
On page 68 of this book there is reported the case of a

man who was suspended for u. m. c. in 1928 after due trial,
applied later for reinstatement but was turned down, and

44 MASONIC REVIEWS

then in 1935, about three weeks before the Annual Com-
munication of Grand Lodge, appealed from his conviction,
The Grand Lodge committee called for the records of the
case, and they were "vague", The committee could not make
much out of it at all, and recommended that the lodge start
all over again and try the brother. This disposition of the
matter by the Committee on Propositions and Grievances was
adopted by the Grand Lodge. Somehow we just don’t see the
sense of letting a man wait seven years to appeal from the
action of a lodge in convicting and sentencing him on trial—.
particularly after he had at least to some degree acquiesced by
petitioning for restoration. It is our opinion that in a large
majority of lodge trials, if the accused is allowed to get a new
trial after the conviction has been laid on the shelf for eight
years, the lodge would not accomplish the ends of justice be-
cause of the lapse of time. If the most of the better-class de-
fendants in criminal cases in the courts, having been convicted,
were allowed by some process to get their cases tried upon
appeal eight years later, the state could not get convictions no
matter how heinous their crimes.

WANTED: MORE MONEY

Then came the Annual Communication of 1936 with
Grand Master Harry G. Taylor of Miami in the chair. He
finds the membership off 3314 per cent and more; the per
capita tax raised; and still the money is insufficient for the
calls upon Che Grand Lodge. Therefore further retrenchment
is necessary. All Grand Lodges have been going through the
same things, and it is hoped that soon the tide will turn—and
it will.

PHYSICAL PERFECTION MATTERS

The Grand Master has some cases. of maimed candidates
for the degrees before him. One Mr. Walters petitioned for
the degrees, but had lost the thumb of his right hand. Dis-
pensation was granted to receive and ballot. One Mr. Puhl-
man had an artificial leg, same course. But a District Deputy
brought before him the case of a man who had lost his left
hand just above the wrist, and "does not use an artificial
hand". It is asked whether “‘this deformity could be classed

FLORIDA 45

as slight so as to permit the petition to be received". Answer:
No. All of the above were duly approved.

"DISOWNED''

They have a new name for an old procedure in Florida.
It appears'that when a sojourning member of an out-of-
state lodge is tried in a Florida lodge, they do not on convic-
tion suspend or expel him, but call it ‘‘disownment pro-
ceedings’’. There was an interesting case of such. It appears
one Brother Harris of Georgia was sued in May, 1934, by
one Bro. McMichael of Florida; that. McMichael also pre-
ferred charges in Masonic lodge against the said Harris. In
1935, the Grand Master held that because of the civil pro-
ceedings, the lodge case should be deferred until the civil
case was disposed of. But after the Annual Communication
of 1935, Grand Master Taylor told the proper authorities
to go ahead with the trial, the courts not having disposed
of the civil case; and they did. Harris refused to receive the
registered letter about it; refused to appear or have anything
to do with the trial. He was convicted and was ''disowned"'.
But a few weeks later the civil trial came, and after a hot
fight McMichael lost his case against Harris and then ap-
pealed to the Supreme Court. Harris appealed from the decis-
ion in the lodge trial. When the Grand Lodge heard the
matter, a vote was taken on the question, "New Trial” or
"No New Trial" for Harris and he was denied a new trial.
In Florida, therefore, he is not a Mason. What is he in Geor-
gia, and what would he be in North Carolina?

PERPETUAL JURISDICTION OVER MATERIAL

Then there is another of those Pennsylvania cases. The
Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania claims on behalf of its lodges
perpetual jurisdiction over rejected material; Florida denies
this Pennsylvania claim, as does North Carolina. So a man
who was, in 1925, rejected in a Pennsylvania lodge, may
in 1935 petition a Florida lodge in whose territory he re-
sides. We fail to understand why Pennsylvania continues to
assert its claim to perpetual jurisdiction over rejected ma-
terial residing in other states; so far as we know, no state
recognizes such claim but each applies its own laws to all

46 MASONIC REVIEWS

such cases as superior within the borders of its own territory,
to any that may be passed by any other Grand Lodge. The
American doctrine of exclusive territorial jurisdiction would
seem to be involved in this matter to some extent, perhaps.
That is, each Grand Lodge holds that it exclusively controls
what it wishes to control, within the bounds of its jurisdic-
tional lines—i. e., state lines, in most cases.

The book before us was printed at the Masonic Home:
The printing office was started by the Scottish Rite; then the
Eastern Star took it up and supported it, and now it is self-
supporting, and it does very good work indeed.

We greatly enjoy the Fraternal Correspondence Reports
of Reviewer Wallace R. Cheeves. If we had not already used
so awfully much space, we'd like to discuss the Chinese situa-
tion with him. We are not so sure as he is, that the Philip-
pine brethren are dangerous in China. There are more Chi-
nese brethren in lodges in the Philippines than there are white
men in the British and Massachusetts lodges in China, if
we understand the matter.

GEORGIA 47

GEORGIA—1935
DANIEL HELPs Us

Here we find a new and most convenient use for the
Foreign Correspondent. In the very beginning of the book,
that official, who is none other than Past Grand Master Ray-
mund Daniel, puts a review of what happened at the Annual
Communication of October 29th, 1935, at Macon. Indeed
we have only to give our readers that review, and our task
is probably finished. So here it is:

A year of Reawakening—upon which can be fashioned the coming
Season of Recovery, constitute the developments and achievements of
the Masonic twelve-months in the grand jurisdiction of Georgia, ac-
cording to reports of retiring Grand Master E. D. Thomas and other
officers; adoption of progressive programs by the grand body and the
inaugural remarks of Grand Master Elect Abit Nix, at the 149th annual
communication, at Macon, October 29-30.

Membership decreases show little variance, but the Craft experienced
a spiritual reconsecration during the year, caught a new vision and ac-
cepted anew the duties of Freemasonry.

The communication was one of the most harmonious in years,
and all business, while given thorough attention, was rapidly expedit-
ed, there being only two sessions.

The salient features are:

The progress of the year as reported by retiring Grand Master
E. D. Thomas.

Improved financial status of the Grand Lodge.

Commendation of the jurisdiction- wide radio broadcast and meet-
ings of lodges on St. John the Evangelist's Day, 1934.

The call to the Georgia Craft to unite against communism and
radicalism.

The creation of a commission to investigate the feasibility of a
home for incurable children.

Commendation of the Masonic Home.

The urgent suggestion for the patronage by the Craft of the
Masonic Home Print Shop.

Endorsement of the ‘‘Masonic Messenger" and the appeal for aug-
mented subscriptions.

MASONIC EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM APPROVED

Approval of the program of the Masonic Educational and His-
torical Commission, including the publication of "The Story of Free-
masonry", and the establishment of Lodges of Research.

48 MASONIC REVIEWS

Endorsement of Past Masters associations and the recommendation
for their "continued organization and operation".

Gratefulness for the gift of new type to the “Masonic Messenger''
by Brother Randy Edmundson and associates of the Atlanta '"'Georgian-
American".

The conferring of the revised Fellow Craft drama by Joseph C.
Greenfield Lodge No. 400, of Atlanta, and the singing of the Greenfield
Masonic Chorus under the direction of Brother Professor Harry Carr.

'The visitation of Past Grand Master O. Frank Hart, Grand Secretary,
of South Carolina.

The program of incoming Grand Master Abit Nix for a series of
district and inter-city meetings.

Practically no legislation was offered, the Committee on Jurispru-
dence giving practically unanimous sanction to all decisions of the retiring
Grand Master.

According to the report of Brother Chairman George A. Cole, of
the Committee on Charters and By-Laws, 14 Lodges surrendered their
charters. Four charters were suspended and two restored by the Grand
Master. Approval was expressed of permission for the consolidation
of Free State Lodge No. 384 and Carroll Lodge No. 69 of Carrollton.

The report of the Board of Custodians by Chairman Guy Thurman
showed many benefits.

VALUABLE RECOMMENDATIONS MADE

A number of valuable recommendations were offered by the Com-
mittee on General Welfare for the advancement of the Fraternity.

Grand Lodge elective and appointive officers, in addition to Grand
Master Nix, are:

Robert McMillan, Deputy Grand Master, Clarkesville No. 325,
Clarkesville; John L. Travis is Senior Grand Warden, Landrum No. 48,
Savannah; Wm. M. Sapp, Junior Grand Warden, Dalton No. 105, Dal-
ton; Frank C. Jones, Grand Treasurer, Thomasville No. 369, Thomas-
ville; Frank F. Baker, Grand Secretary, Macon No. 5, Macon.

Appointed Grand Officers:

J. M. Nix, Grand Chaplain, Hudson No. 294, Commerce; Rev.
M. M. Maxwell, Associate Grand Chaplain, Griffin No. 413, Griffin;
Geo. W. Westmoreland, Grand Marshal, Unity No. 36, Jefferson; J.
Wilson Parker, Senior Grand Deacon, Fairburn No. 180, Fairburn; M.
Preston Agee, Junior Grand Deacon, Webbs No. 166, Augusta; Zach
Arnold, First Grand Steward, Darley No. 17, Fort Gaines; E. Des-
combe Wells, Second Grand Steward, Landrum No. 48, Savannah; Dew-
ey H. Wollstein, Third Grand Steward, Cherokee No. 66, Rome; C. J.
Owens, Grand Tyler, Coweta No. 60, Newman.

We might well stop here. But there are some small things
that will interest our readers and which were so unimportant
that they were not included in this document. This scribe is

GEORGIA 49

a funny sort of a dog and drags in all sorts of bones. So here
goes.

W. M. IN U. S. PENITENTIARY

In the list of the judgments of the Committee on Juris-
prudence we find reports on some of the official acts of the
Grand Master. Number five, for instance, is about a case in
which a lodge reported that its Worshipful (?) Master was
serving a sentence of one year in the United States Peniten-
tiary. The Grand Master declared the office vacant and told
the lodge to elect another Master. The book says nothing
about any lodge discipline for the said Worshipful (?) Mas-
ter who was up at Atlanta.

THEY USED Ir Too SOON

A certain lodge had acquired a new hall. It got into a
hurry to use it; there was a meeting in it, but there was no
"general notice to all the brethren’, moreover, they forgot to
go and get the charter and put it there before the meeting; and
add another moreover—‘‘the three great lights were not dis-
played". He says nothing about a lack of a dispensation. But
he does hold that the meeting and all of its works was “‘il-
legal and void", grants a dispensation changing the place of
meeting to the new location and tells them to do it all over
again.

Posr MORTEM ACTION

And then there was a certain man who was suspended n.
p. d. And behold, several months later he died, and his family
desired for him burial with Masonic honors, but Masonic hon-
ors are not permissible for a suspended brother. And there
was great study to find the way out. And Masons smart
and true got together about it, and behold, it was discovered
that the deceased had been mentally incapacitated since a
time before he was suspended. But in Georgia Section 205-B
sets forth that a demented brother is still in good standing
but not subject to dues; and it follows that the lodge had
done a great wrong in the act of suspension. And Grand Mas-
ter Thomas tells the lodge that if the family wish a Masonic
funeral they should have it.

50 MASONIC REVIEWS

RE: OBJECTION: TO ADVANCEMENT

Then we find an interesting sidelight on the subject of
objections to advancement of candidates. In North Carolina
such objection does not have to be accompanied by any state-
ment of reason; but in Georgia, it must be on the ground
of either violation of the moral law or a violation of the
civil law involving moral turpitude. This applies to an En-
tered Apprentice; there is another rule covering the same
ground for a Fellowcraft, against whom an objection rests
for three months, while in the case of the E. A., if the ob-
jection is made in lodge and written into the minutes, it holds
for twelve months; if filed privately with the Master, it
holds until his successor is installed. But let it not be forgot-
ten that in either case the grounds must remain the same.
This would seem to limit very narrowly the field for such
objections; for few would be stopped for violation of the
moral law. The objector might have to prove it! The same
would apply if a man were stopped for an alleged act of moral
turpitude. We can suspect acts of moral turpitude which can
never be proved.

GIFT OF TYPE

The Home printshop received a gift of a hundred pounds
of type from the Masons connected with two great Atlanta’
newspapers; the mechanical department cast the metal into
type and the delivery department carried it to the shop. The
shop prints the “Masonic Messenger", which is an official
organ, and carries the Masonic Reviews by friend Raymund
Daniel, instead of their having them printed in the Proceed-
ings, which book comes to us as a thin pamphlet of 116
pages.

Too Poor To CELEBRATE: SO ARE WE

The Georgia Grand Lodge is due to have a Bi-centennial,
but lack of funds prohibits the execution of plans for a cele-
bration of it. It is the Bi-centennial of Georgia Masonry:
not of the founding of the Grand Lodge, which is holding
its 149th Annual Communication this year.

IDAHO 51
IDAHO—1935

MOYER PASSES

Grand Master John T. Wood had a busy year. His acts
and his observations are not without interest. He notes the
passing away of the oldest Past Grand Master of Idaho and
the oldest Mason in Idaho, Brother John H. Moyer. We had
some correspondence with him in connection with the Ameri-
can revision of Gould's History of Freemasonry. He was
Grand Historian of Idaho. He had been Grand Master in
1891. He was raised four years after the formation of the
Grand Lodge of Idaho, if we read the book correctly.

THE TROUBLE AND THE WAY OUT

The Grand Master notes the losses and their causes; sees
conditions getting better and as to losses thinks ‘‘much dead
material has been pruned away”. We think he is correct in
this; the material was at the time of suspension dead to Ma-
sonry if they were careful not to suspend those unable to
pay. Why dead, is another story which in some cases would
reflect little credit on some lodges. But following the big
boom days of the nineteen-twenties, Masonry seems to have
lost its grip on individual members. It was spiritually lazy,
like an over-fed porker. What we call '"depressions" often-
times do real good, in disguise. Let us hope this 1s the case
now. But the Grand Master also thinks that one of the ways
out of the bad situation is the automatic suspension of n. p.
d.’s unless the lodge shall adjudicate them to be unable to
pay. That is, instead of the prevailing rule that n. p. d.'s stay
in the lodge unless the lodge takes action on particular cases,
the rule would be reversed and n. p. d.’s would get out
automatically unless the lodge took action on particular
cases. We have never been sold on the subject of auto-
matic suspensions and other punishments, but if such be
handled properly, good might be done. Automatic suspen-
sion places dues-money as the most important thing in lodge-
life; pay it and you are o. k.; fail to pay it and you automa-
tically are ditched. If an automatic suspension plan has
coupled with it the proviso that no Mason may be automa-
tically suspended unless it is certified that the Master or the
Secretary or the authorized agent of them has conferred per-

52 MASONIC REVIEWS

sonally with the member about dues and his attitude to-
ward Masonry, we should vote for it—that is, if you would
call that plan automatic suspension.

LODGE BOUGHT A BANK

In Idaho it is not forbidden that lodges shall meet on
the ground floor of a building. One lodge bought a disused
bank building and another bought a church, after obtaining
the Grand Master’s approval and after an Inspection Com-
mittee had shown how the property should be used. We
have this day seen a remodeled church which is a Masonic
Temple.

LIQUOR PROCLAMATION

And the liquor question caused to the Grand Master
much correspondence. After a while he sent out a Proclama-
tion, prohibiting Masons from engaging in the manufacture
or sale of ardent spirits as a private business, no matter whe-
ther such Mason be employer or employee. This looks simple
but brings up complications. Here is one man, who is em-
ployed as a drayman by a liquor dealer. Is he breaking this
Proclamation’s law? Here is a van operator who contracts to
haul liquor for a dealer. Is he violating it?

MASTER CAN VOTE TWICE IN A TIE

And then the Grand Master rather found himself out at
sea about a case in which the secretary of a lodge let ‘‘a for-
mer Grand Master” have two hundred dollars of lodge mon-
ey without any authority from the lodge. In a meeting a mo-
tion is made to reimburse the Secretary for the two hundred.
Eight voted against it while nine were for it; the Master de-
clared it carried. Later he got to thinking about it and others
made the point that he ought to have voted with the rest of
the members. He then opened the vote again, cast his own
vote, created a tie, and then voted again to break the tie and
declared the motion lost. Then he later didn’t know whether
he was right or not. He gets the matter at length before the
Grand Master and the Jurisprudence Committee. It is held
that the Master of a Lodge clearly has the right to vote
along with the members. If he thus creates a tie, that tie is
to be broken by him. But after he has declared the result,

IDAHO 53

he has no more right to vote than any other member—it is
too late. What has been declared must stand—unless (he

didn't say this) there is a motion for reconsideration properly
made and carried.

THIRD DEGREE EXAMINATION

In Idaho it is required of all newly raised Master Masons
that they shall pass the Third Degree Examination. It is
in the Code. Grand Master Wood tells us that there are in
Idaho 78 “third degree members of various lodges” who
have not passed such examination. It looks like the law is
being ignored. He thinks something should be done—either
enforce the law or repeal it. This logic is above reproach.

HE Gets A FAvoR WHICH HE COULD Nor GRANT

We have in this book a rather unusual incident. An
Idahoan is elected to the degrees in Freemasonry. Before he
can be or is initiated, he gets a job in Washington, D. C., and
stays longer than he expected. The Grand Master goes to
Washington and confers with Grand Master Robert S. Re-
gar about it. It is arranged that the candidate will get his de-
grees by courtesy in a lodge in the District of Columbia. But
here is a curious situation: the Idaho law prohibits this prac-
tice. If Grand Secretary Keiper should send him a similar re-
quest about a man elected in the District of Columbia, he
would promptly refuse—because his law would not permit
him to do otherwise. Thus do the differences in laws among
the Masonic jurisdictions work. They bring up all sorts of
complications.

REVERSES HIS PREDECESSOR

And there is in the book the unusual case where a Grand
Master vacates and countermands the order of his predeces-
sor, who had asked a committee to look into certain acts of a
certain Mason. His committee thought the brother should
be tried and so recommended; but the matter was in suspense
when the Grand Lodge met in 1934 and now other officials
investigate the matter and recommend that no such trial be
had. Believing that such a trial would accomplish no good
results, he orders that it be not held. Reason: insufficient
evidence to make any case at all is adduced or discovered.

54 MASONIC REVIEWS

ILLINOIS—1935
UNWISE BUILDING HURT Us

The ninety sixth Annual of the Grand Lodge of Illinois
was held at the Masonic Temple, 32 West Randolph Street,
Chicago, beginning at ten o'clock on the morning of October
8th, 1935. Grand Master Grover C. Niemeyer presided. He
reports Masonic conditions as generally improved: no lodges
are in arrears for more than two years, and fewer than twen-
ty owe anything back of 1935. Suspensions are twenty per
cent off; but the effect of too much building is still to be seen.
'These defaulted Masonic Temple bonds are no credit to Ma-
sonry; we have found cases in which old people with faith in.
the good name of Masonry invested their money in such
bonds and now have nothing. Of course the same may be
said about investments in other things of honorable sort;
office buildings, hotels and the like, not to mention banks
and railroads. But this does little to brighten the picture
with respect to Masonry. l

MASONRY AND SALOONS

The Grand Master takes note of the fact that there is a
tendency to let down the bars concerning the eligibility of
men engaged in the liquor business to become or to remain
Masons, and states that—

Masonry teaches temperance, not total abstinence. Hence it is per-
missible for a Mason to enter a saloon. However, the saloon is disap-
proved by the better element of society and Masonry refuses to associate
or identify itself with it. As a consequence the individual is denied the
right to take Masonry as an institution into the saloon by appearing
therein while clothed as a Mason. To the public the red fez of the
shriner and the uniform of the Knight Templar is as much the badge of
a Mason, although of a particular kind of Mason, as is the white apron,
and therefore the right and duty of Masonry extends to prohibiting the
Mason from entering the public drinking saloon while clothed as a shriner
or Knight Templar. The Grand Lodge of Nevada applied this principle
in discipling a potentate for drunkenness at the San Francisco conven-
tion of the Shrine in 1932.

Then he also takes note of the fact that although Ma-
sonry teaches that its works are suspended on Sundays, yet
groups of Masons get together and deliberately nullify this
fact in groups known as Masons.

And then there is a lengthy and complete discussion of

ILLINOIS ^ ` 55

the Chicago Shrine Lottery. The Grand Master acted posi-
tively in this. He told its managers that their àcts were un-
masonic, and after a conference of Grand Lodge officers it
was resolved to prefer charges against those persisting in it.
Then those persons arranged a conference with the Grand
Master. At its beginning they told him that they had deter-
mined that the Grand Lodge had nothing to do with it and
were going to proceed. He got up to leave at this but was
called back, and they passed resolutions to stick it out and
stand the consequences. Two of them backed out; the others
persisted, and were tried and found guilty. Punishment was
fixed at reprimand, but he adds that "no less punishment
than expulsion would have adequately met the situation’;
and he states that— i

The resolution of March 4 was an attack upon the sovereignty and
integrity of the Grand Lodge, sought to be made more effective by pla-
cing the past potentates, including a past imperial potentate, directly
behind the plan and equally liable to discipline with the officers of the
shrine. For there is no Grand Lodge worthy of the name if any Mason
acting in the name of any organization made up exclusively of Masons
may place himself outside the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge, thumb
his nose at its morals and ethics and violate its laws with impunity.

Masonry is not a coat to be put on or taken off as one desires. It
is not a character to be assumed when respectability is advisable and cast
aside and forgotten when the individual chooses to violate the law of
the land, or indulge the lower and baser sides of his nature. It is a rule
of conduct which once adopted must be everywhere practiced until death
or expulsion releases the obligation.

While it may be true that there is nothing of Masonry in the ritual
of the shrine and little if anything of Masonry in the practices of the
shrine particularly as exemplified by these defendants, it is a fact beyond
controversy that the shrine, whose membership is made up exclusively
of Masons, links the Red Fez of Shrinedom with the White Apron of
Masonry while demanding that shriners remember "that in the eyes of
the profane the shrine is Masonry”.

Hence, when shriners act individually or collectively, Masons are
acting, and when their conduct transgresses civil laws, good morals, or
the accepted standards of the better element of society the good name of
Masonry is brought into disrepute.

It is interesting to note that these lottery schemes are
promoted by certain companies which make this their busi-
ness. A representative of one of these companies was among
those tried. Ten in all were later expelled. This scribe is in-

clined to the opinion that if the companies which go about

56 MASONIC REVIEWS

selling these schemes were more vigorously prosecuted in the
courts, the burden of the matter would not so heavily weigh
on Masonic Grand Lodges. It must not be thought that
Shrine Temples are the only groups which take these things
on. We have heard of Churches, Commanderies, Church so-
cieties and Heaven knows what, taking on the same things.
They see the promoting companies openly selling the schemes
and no attempt by law to stop them; and being hard hit
financially they feel willing to let the bars of their collective
conscience down to relieve the pressure. A few court prosecu-
tions would do more to clear the atmosphere than all of the
Masonic proceedings that can be instituted. Masonic bodies
are not so organized as to be able successfully to do what the
courts ought to do. Grand Masters expose the whole nasty
business and get "moral support `, but the lotteries flourish
thereafter like the green bay tree.

This book reports a quite interesting fact. In its Masonic
Homes, only Masons and their dependents are received, of
course. It appears that after the Masonic and economic de-
pression, there are more applicants for admission to the Home
for the Aged than can be handled, while applicants for ad-
mission to the Orphans’ Home are few and there is more
room open. The reason assigned is that these children would
come from the families of Masons of forty years and less,
and the advancing age of Masons on the average has reduced
the number of these who would be applicants for admission.

The Grand Orator, Bro. Paul A. Neuffer, had for his
subject, "The Validity of Masonry’ —a most challenging
subject. This is a sequel to the Oration of 1934, on’ "The
Value of Masonry", by the same orator. He frankly asks,
“To what extent is there validity in Masonry? For what is
it valid?" In conclusion he paraphrases some lines from Bry-
ant's Thanatopsis in a very forceful way, as follows:

To him who in the love of Masonry
Holds communion with her visible forms.
She speaks a various language

For his thoughtful hours,

She has a voice of Wisdom and an
Eloquence of Beauty and Harmony,
And she glides into his deeper musings
With a clear and glorious revelation

Of himself, the universe and of God.

INDIANA 57

INDIANA—1936
PICTURES ADORN THE BOOK

The 118th Annual (if they met each year) was held at
Indianapolis, May 28 and 29,. 1935, with Grand Master
Harry Yeo presiding; his successor, M.'.W.'.Rudolph H.
Horst; the Grand Secretary, William H. Swintz, and the
Grand Lecturer, Ivory C. Tolle—the pictures of all of whom
adorn the front pages of the book. With such a sendoff as
this, the book does well by Indiana.

HE VALIDATES THEIR ACTS

The Grand Master of Indiana uses a phrase not used in
the other books which we read. When a lodge does a thing of
importance in the wrong way by error, he “validates” the
act. Thus Royal Center Lodge held its election of officers
two weeks too early. He found "no evidence of malicious il-
legality" and duly validated the election after bawling them
out for plain ignorance of what every Indiana lodge should
know.

UNDISTURBED FOR FIFTEEN YEARS

We remember how it was reported in one of the earliest
books that we reviewed, that Pleasant Lake Lodge got into
a mess in 1921 and had its charter revoked after a quarter
of century of life. We now find that after the lapse of fif-
teen years there is a petition for a dispensation to form a
lodge u. d. there, and that the centers of dissension are not
to be permitted to get in it. The petition is granted, and
when the Grand Master and the Grand Lecturer went there
to set them to work, it was almost a shock to find that
the old lodge room was there, "almost completely furnished
with all the furniture and equipment necessary . Thus was
ever Masonry. Guns may roar, civil war may bring its casual-
ties, eternal strife may be fomented by the ignorant and the
unworthy, but its spirit carries on. The spark lies sleeping
but can be fanned to a blaze. "Cast thy bread upon the wa-
ters", says Masonry, ‘and thou shalt find it after many
days”.

58 MASONIC REVIEWS

LIQUOR QUESTIONS

The Grand Master has his worries about the liquor busi-
ness. In Indiana, for 76 years, one who makes or sells liquor
cannot be made a Mason; and also it is stated in the Regu-
lations that the manufacture or sale of intoxicating liquors
as a beverage is a Masonic offense. Moreover we learn that in
Indiana hard liquors can be legally handled by drug stores
and in sealed packages. Thus, there are many inquiries about
attendants in places where beer is handled, or about drug
store clerks; and these questions are left to be answered at
the ballot in the particular lodge. The Grand Master holds
that changes in the civil law about liquor make no changes
in the Masonic law about it, nor do they change the funda-
mental principles involved in the Masonic law.

TRIED AND ACQUITTED

In Indiana a Mason in arrears of dues is tried upon the
charge that he is thus so much in arrears, and if on showing
of the facts he is found guilty, he is suspended. But it rather
got the Grand Master’s goat that a number of lodges have
initiated such trials, and had the secretary testify that such
members were in fact several years behind in the payment
of dues so that there was not the slightest doubt about it;
and lo and behold, on vote the member is declared not guilty.
We have seen the same thing occur in criminal trials in the
courthouse. Usually the presiding judge gets angry and fires
the jury that did it. In such cases as we mention above, the
verdict is really a vote of sympathy for the poor fellow who
was down or lost his hold, and when he saw the dun for
dues he swore he wanted never to see a dun for dues again
and threw it into the ashcan. Lodges ought to feed a fellow
like that on something else than duns. Blessed are the poor
i Masonry, for they need to be strengthened by their bro-
thers.

CONDITIONS IMPROVING

Grand Lecturer Tolle's picture of Masonry is not a good
one— many Lodges with long lists of members who are de-
linquent in dues; attendance and interest small; lack of pro-
fidency; loose business methods. As a matter of fact, the

INDIANA `’ 59

net loss for the year in Indiana is 3,736. But even at that,
this represents a decrease in’ decreases. Lodges are conferring
more degrees; reinstatements are up 72 per cent. And there
ate more than a hundred thousand Masons in Indiana lodges.
There are ten lodges which have more than 1,000 members,
even at that. He also reports 25 per cent fewer suspensions
this year than last for misconduct; but six per cent more for
n. p. d.; reinstatements up by 72 per cent; raisings more by
125 per cent; and deaths 7 per cent more, which means that
the average age is increasing. The average age of Masons
will continue to increase until raisings keep pace with deaths,
dimits and suspensions. The experience of Masonry is just
like that of the insurance companies; a healthy increase in
"business" is necessary to keep the institution going.

His ExPENSES SHOULD BE PAID

'The Indiana law has a peculiar section which provides
that if a Grand Master visits a lodge on account of a matter
in which the lodge is in fault, the expense of such visit must
be borne by that lodge; otherwise the expense may be borne
by the Grand Lodge. The Grand Master finds that under
this law if he visits a weak lodge which is not functioning
properly, he must dig into his jeans and pay his own ex-
penses because the lodge is not going to do it. He very pro-
perly insists that legislation should be passed so as to change
all of this and enable his successors to do some much-needed
missionary work.

G. M. WANTED To TAKE IT OUT

The Grand Master is another of those who when there
is need for economies, look askance at the Fraternal Corres-
pondence Reports. He recommends that Elmer Gay's reports
do not henceforth be printed in the Proceedings but that
figures only go in there and the rest be relegated to the paper,
“The Indiana Freemason”. It is determined that "the Re-
view will appear as an appendix to the Proceedings this
time". We sort of wonder whether there is not some em-
phasis on those last two words. Of late the great indoor sport
among the persons high in authority in Masonry has been
that of throwing Foreign Correspondence Reports into the

60 l MASONIC REVIEWS

ashcan unprinted, so to speak. Taking all Grand Lodges,
Grand Councils, Grand Chapters and Grand Commanderies,
it is safe to say that this process has hit half of them—and it
is safe to say that of the eliminations half are in Grand
Lodges which could get the report into the annual expendi-
tures if they really wanted it enough—in fact, this scribe
undertakes to show that in about that number of cases they
make expenditures for other items no more necessary and to
as great an amount as the report would cost.

WHICH Dip THEY RECOGNIZE?

We note that recognition is granted to the Grand Lodge
of Denmark. We are wondering whether the Committee
knew which Grand Lodge of Denmark it was recommending
for recognition. There are two of them; one of them is very
old and highly respected, and is under the patronage of the
royalty of Denmark. The other was organized out of some
of the derelicts from one of the German Grand Lodges, since
Hitler drove Masonry out of Germany, and if our informa-
tion is correct, is a sort of protest against the fact that the
recognized old Masonry of Denmark is confined to Christ-
ians. We know of a certain Grand Lodge in one of the East-
ern states that ought to have investigated better, which grant-
ed recognition by mistake to this same aggregation thinking
it was the other; and when a representative went to Europe
and found himself in a crowd that he wasn’t looking for,
there was something doing. Read ‘‘Kentucky’’ in this book. -

IOWA 61

IOWA—1935
THERE Is Nopopy “IN LINE”

This Grand Lodge does not elect its officers as the most
of the others do—there is no complaining about a Grand
Master appointing his successor, nor is there any about the
long time that a Grand Master has to serve in lower offices
before he comes to preside. For in Iowa, the Grand Master
is elected from the floor and there is no "line" of any sort.
The Grand Master appointed the Deputy Grand Master and
the Grand Deacons and those below in rank. The Grand
Treasurer does not succeed himself—in fact, the only of-
ficer whose name is in both the list for 1935 and the list for
1936, is Grand Secretary Charles Clyde Hunt. They don’t
believe in changing Grand Secretaries often—they get a good
one, one who is too good to mess around in Masonic politics,
and they keep him—as for instance, the present incumbent
and the late Theodore Sutton Parvin. He is the boss of that
wonderful Grand Lodge Library at Cedar Rapids, which
is perhaps the best Masonic library in the world.

GRAND MASTER A FARMER

The book opens with a portrait of Grand Master Burton
H. Saxton, done in engraving by Finlay, and a tribute to
him by Brother Charles E. Snyder, not a sketch, but rather
an eulogy. At the back of the book is a collection of sketches
of the elective officers—that is, of all except the Grand Se-
cretary. First of these is the incoming Grand Master, John
T. Ames, the small town of Traer being his residence and
his Masonic home—a town too small to boast any Masonic
body except the Symbolic Lodge. And mark up something
different in your book: the sketch tells us that after he fin-
ished his military service in the Spanish-American war, `" bus
life has been spent on the farm or in agricultural pursuits’.
Farmer-Grand Masters are so rare as to be almost museum-
pieces.

Louis BLOCK PASSES ON

The Grand Lodge of Iowa was made sad this year.
Among those who have passed to the Great Beyond is Past

62 MASONIC REVIEWS

Grand Master Louis Block, Fraternal Correspondent. He
died on June 3, eight days before the Annual Communica-
tion was opened. His report was all prepared and ready for
printing. He was sixty six years old at the time of his pass-
ing. He had been signally honored in Masonry, and had
done outstanding service to it im its several branches. He was
a fluent writer and an eloquent speaker.

FLAG CEREMONY

Immediately prior to the Masonic opening of the Grand
Lodge in Annual Communication, the Grand Master con-
ducted an International Flag Ceremony. The Grand Master
sent a letter in December to the Grand Master of each foreign
Grand Lodge, explaining that he wished to inaugurate the
Flag Ceremony and asking that such a flag be sent as might
be desired to be used in that ceremony. He says he received
twenty six replies and twenty three flags. Then the book
tells us what happened—

As the names of the Grand Lodges were announced, young women,
dressed in white, bearing the flag of the country, state or province called,
entered from the right and left of the stage-alternately, each taking her
place at the right of the Grand Master while the message was read, then
stepping back into a line which gradually formed a semi-circular back-
ground, :

And the book carries a picture of the occasion, very in-
teresting and attractive.

“MEET ME AT THE ALTAR”

Grand Master Saxton says he has been present "on more
than seventy five occasions of Masonic significance", what-
ever he means by that, and that he has been kept very busy.
He reports two cornerstone-layings, and says there was a
third invitation which was declined because it ‘‘came so near
the opening of this communication’’. He reports that he is-
sued a call for simultaneous meetings of all lodges on the
evening of March 11, 1935; and that the keynote of the
call was, "Meet Me at the Altar". He reports that 375 lodges
reported participation, and that 14,000 members were pre-
sent, out of a total of 71,398 members in 555 lodges as of
January first preceding.

IOWA 63

DUES ON THREE FouRTHS OF A MEMBER

This book has one item which is quite different and
unique. On page 420, there are the figures of membership,
gains, losses and work, and we make the discovery that the
“net membership subject to dues” is 68,92434. We do not
attempt to figure out the fraction of a member, but it is in
the book. We wonder why John Anderson does not have
a fraction of a member subject to dues sometimes.

Vom BECAUSE HE WAs Not NOTIFIED

The Grand Master does not hand down many official
decisions—that is, he has one "decision" and three "official
opinions" and reports that he is “disregarding other official
opinions not of general interest". The lone decision was to
the effect that when a lodge attempted to suspend a man
for nonpayment of dues but failed to send him the required
notice of that action by registered letter, the alleged suspen-
sion was null and of no effect. Then there was an "opinion"
concerning the physical qualifications of a candidate, which
is as follows:

In your letter to me under date of October 13th, supplemented by fur-
ther information on the 26th inst., you ask if your lodge could legally
consider the petition for the degrees by Mr. Jay Vendelboe, instructor in

the Garner High School, who had many years ago suffered the loss of all
his fingers, the thumb on his left hand, and a part of the right thumb.

There is only one sign that he cannot give adequately, and this one he
can give sufficiently to meet any reasonable demand. In my opinion his
petition can legally be considered, and it would be neither sensible nor just
to rule otherwise.

PER CaPITA TAX SHOULD BE SEGREGATED

'The Grand Master discusses the ever-present problems of
lodge finances. His remarks are so pertinent that we quote
from them here:

In direct connection with this subjcet, may I recall to your minds the
principle that as the dues of each member are collected, the portion ($1.75)
to be remitted to the Grand Lodge should invariably be segregated and
under no circumstances used for any other purpose whatever. Such por-
tion should be treated exclusively as a Trust Fund, and the lodge should
administer this, be it much or little, with the integrity and rigid super-
vision demanded of any Trustee. A review of the financial statements of
a large proportion of our lodges convinces me that failure here and there

64 MASONIC REVIEWS

to segregate this amount due the Grand Lodge has eventually sunk the
lodge into debt so deeply that years will be required to regain solvency,
if, indeed their charter is not finally revoked. This unfortunate condition
is usually the result of carelessness and improvidence on the part of one or
more past administrations, all of which could have been prevented by the
simple observance of ethical business methods.

Indeed, we find that this evil has grown to such pro-
portions in some Grand Lodges that resolutions have been
adopted declaring the Grand Lodge Per Capita Tax to be
a trust fund in the hands of the Lodge, to be kept separate
from funds belonging to the subordinate lodge and to be
remitted intact to the Grand Lodge under severe penalty.

HosPITAL WORK AT Iowa CITY

There is in the book a report of a Special Committee on
Hospital Work, which looks into conditions at Iowa City.
It appears that beginning with 1873, hospitals have been
built at and about Iowa City—at first, the University Hos-
pital; then, in 1897, a new State Hospital; next, in 1915,
the Tubercular Hospital a few miles away; two years after-
ward, the Children's Hospital, later enlarged to care for adult
cripples as well as children; next, the Psychopathic Hospital;
and in 1928, the new University Hospital with a capacity
of one thousand beds. Iowa City Lodge, No. 4, has been car-
ing for the Masons among all of these groups, and now it
is recommended that Masonic attention to them with the per-
mission of the Administrator, a Mason, be enlarged. In some
ten months, the committee reports 716 Masonic cases con-
tacted, and reports that 538 Iowa lodges are affected. It ap-
pears that there was approximately one trip to the hospitals
per day, and that three thousand personal visits were made.

Dip Nor WANT THis KIND OF ECONOMY

The Grand Master told the Grand Lodge that in the pre-
sent need for economy, one way of accomplishing a saving
would be to stop meeting at places too far from the center
of things, and meet alternately at Cedar Rapids and at Des
Moines. He quotes the figures of session expense for the va-
rious places for past years to prove his point. But the idea
did not take very well with the boys; they voted to meet
next time, for instance, at Davenport, which is a city of

IOWA 65

some sixty thousand inhabitants, backed right up on the Mis-
sissippi river and the state line of Illinois, with Rock Island
and Moline on the Illinois side just a short few miles away.

THEY STICK To JUNE

Then he proposed that the Grand Lodge think about
changing its time of annual meeting from June to October.
He says the weather gets hot in Iowa in June, and if it isn’t
hot, then it is raining and some seventy thousand miles of
dirt road in the state of Iowa becomes streaks of black mud,
so that the delegates have a hard time getting to the Annual,
and in any case the farmers are very busy, and the parents
are witnessing the graduation of their children from the
schools. But once again about all that the Grand Lodge did
was to think about what he said and vote to meet again next
time at Davenport in June.

LopGEs Dm DISTINGUISHED SERVICE

There is one matter in which Grand Master Saxton went
out of the usual. He called on the lodges to show to him
what distinguished service they had performed, so that such
might be recognized. He tells us that "five lodges have sub-
mitted accounts of real achievement": two of these are at
Des Moines, and one each at Iowa City, Cherokee and Mar-
shalltown. He had the representative of each of these come
to the stage and receive recognition of "distinguished service".

How A FOREWORD Is WRITTEN

We find in the book the remarks of Brother Albert
Block in presenting his deceased father's report as Fraternal
Correspondent. The son had been his father's amanuensis
in this work. He tells how he took his father's dictation,
and at length comes to the "Foreword". We should like for
our readers to note this, which is as follows:

The "Foreword" and “Afterword” were different. They were never
dictated. 'They came out of his fountain pen by his own hand, usually on a
Sunday afternoon, but until this year, never before the first day of May.
When the muse struck him he went into the study and closed the door and
we were told, "I am writing my Foreword. Let me alone". It might have
been three hours, it might have been five. When he was finished he came
out with eight or ten pages of manuscript—these things which Brother

66 ^ Masonic REVIEWS

Hunt has collected together in the book he called ''Musings of a Frater-
nal Correspondent". They were purely inspirational, and Dad seemed to
know when the inspiration was coming to him.

How true to life is this! We have waited for days on
end for the inspiration to come that would enable us to ex-
press the thought of that "Foreword". Reviews do not come
like weighing out a pound of potatoes, whenever one orders
them; they may not be very inspiring to the reader, but they
are the result of inspiration of a sort, and it is useless to at-
tempt to write until one has the urge. And the young man
has the following estimate of his father's work:

And so, my brethren. Dad's work is done. His death was not untime-
ly. He accomplished, I believe, in this life, the things that he most wanted
to do. I believe you know that the great and overwhelming ambition of his
entire career was to serve his fellowmen. He was enabled to do that. He

finished this, his last report, long before he was incapacitated. His column
is not broken; it is perfected, completed and finished.

KANSAS 67

KANSAS—1936

In reading the Proceedings of other Grand Lodges we
sometimes wonder about differences of procedures and whe-
ther ours are more effective or those practiced elsewhere. Here
in Kansas, for instance, we discover that of 448 lodges, only
267 were represented at the Annual Communication of 1936,
when Grand Master Otto R. Souders presided, at Topeka on
February 19, last. Now it was not startling to learn that 181
lodges were not represented, but it was at least interesting to
note that the annual budget carries an item of three thousand
dollars to pay the expenses of representatives to the Annual
Communication. Here in North Carolina we have no mileage
and per diem account except for Grand and Past Grand Of-
ficers, and our Annual Communications appear to show up
well by comparison in the matter of lodges represented.

SUB-OFFICERS

In Kansas there are two classes of officers—Grand Of-
ficers, and sub-officers. In the former class fall all except the
Grand Orator, the Lecturer, the Official Stenographer and the
assistants to the Grand Secretary and the Grand Tyler. It
is at least interesting to find Grand Orator Henry J. Allen,
master of diction and words, classed as to dignities on a par
with the Assistant Grand Tyler and away below the level
of the Grand Pursuivant. It is interesting to note also that
in Kansas the Past Masters as such are members of the Grand
Lodge and that there about 225 of them registered. To us,
this sounds perfectly logical. In the most of the Grand Lodges
in which Past Masters as such are not members, there are
many members of committees appointed who are not actual-
ly members, which is somewhat inconsistent.

THEY USE THE OFFICIAL CIPHER

Then in the matter of the mode of communicating the
secret work, we don’t see eye to eye with Kansas. With us,
the secrets are communicated by mouth-to-ear method, while
in Kansas there is in use an ‘‘Official Cipher”. Inasmuch as
we in North Carolina have no experience with ciphers, we
here quote verbatim the Kansas law about the official cipher,

as follows:

68 ` MASONIC REVIEWS

139. Official Cipher.—The official cipher, prepared and promul-
gated by this Grand Lodge, is hereby declared to be the correct cipher of
the work of the three degrees of Ancient Craft Masonry, including the
lectures appertaining thereto, described in Section 6, Article IV, of the
constitution, and every Lodge shall practice the same in all the ceremonies
of conferring the several degrees and delivering the Lectures; they shall
be receipted for by the newly elected Master on the blank furnished by
the Grand Secretary which shall be forwarded to him with the Annual
Report. No new copy of the official cipher shall be issued to any Lodge
unless specifically authorized by the Council of Administration, except
to replace those returned to the Grand Secretary on account of their use-
less condition; and when any Lodge shall not be able to present the copies
of the official cipher with which it is charged when called for by the
Grand Secretary or District Deputy Grand Master, said Lodge shall pay
a penalty of $10.00 for each copy not so presented; and the deliberate
continuance of the possession by any brother of an official cipher, after
the same has been accounted for to the Grand Secretary as lost or destro-
yed, or the sale, gift, printing or use of any cipher, ritual, or secret work,
other than herein provided for, shall be deemed an offense against the Body
of Masonry, and be punishable by expulsion from the Fraternity. The
promulgation or withdrawal of the official cipher herein provided for
shall be under the direction and control of the Council of Administration.

ABOUT THOSE DUST STORMS

In the official address of the Grand Master we find an
account of his experience with dust storms during his official
year, as follows:

INTERFERENCE OF DUST STORMS

The weather has caused a great deal of inconvenience during the
year and all of the Grand Officers and Lecturers have been compelled to
miss meetings because of the terrible dust storms.

I have also traveled hundreds of miles through fog so dense I could
not see the ground on which I was driving and have gone through one
blizzard with the snow so thick and blown so fast it was impossible to
see the fences along the road. For many weeks, almost daily, the dust
was blown so continuously in the west one-third of the state that it was
unsafe to attempt to hold meetings. I was personally in three storms so
bad that I could not see the radiator on my automobile or the pavement
on which I was riding and was only able to move at all by driving my
automobile about two or three miles an hour, with my head out of the
window and my flash light extended at full arm's length to see the
black line in the pavement, and this in broad daylight. Automobiles
were filled with dust and many of them were ruined and some of the
brothers, in attempting to make the district meetings, were injured. I
was called by two of the Lecturers and told' it was impossible to hold
some of the district meetings and as I knew the conditions, I authorized
them to call them off and attempt to hold them in the fall.

Brethren of the territory affected told me that in fifty-six years

KANSAS 69

of residence, they had never seen anything that even began to approach the
conditions they -were undergoing. Of course, this has caused great loss
of money and has injured the health of many of our brethren. They
had to breathe dust so thick that their throats and lungs would fill up
and their eyes and ears were constantly full of dirt. Many weird tales
of these storms have been told, but I am prepared to believe any of them
after the experiences I had myself.

PHILOSOPHY OF THE MASONIC HOME

The Grand Master’s comments on the Masonic Home
are interesting. First he takes note of the fact that some Ma-
sons have the notion that the Home is organized to take
them over whenever they feel like quitting work; that it is
a visible evidence of the fact that Masonry is an insurance
organization and that it operates an old-age pension system.
He observes that Masonry ''does not guarantee to take care
of its unfortunates. It does not pledge itself to relieve want.
It has no contract with its members by which it agrees to
supply food, clothing, care or a home for its members. No
Mason has any right to demand any of these things * * *."
Next, he observes from his visits to the Home (we presume)
that some of its guests "feel free to criticize everything about
it". He adds that some of them got so bad that "it was neces-
sary to deny the privileges of the Home to some of these’’.
He further adds that "there have been serious quarrels among
a few of the members." Then he adds:

The people who have had the least before coming to the Home seem
to be the loudest complainers. Some seem to think, because they have
paid dues for fifteen or twenty years and have paid from thirty dollars
to fifty dollars to join, making a total investment of money of from one
hundred dollars to one hundred fifty dollars (of which the Home would
receive not more than twenty-five dollars), that this entitles them, as a
matter of right, to live at the expense of their brethren for the rest of
their lives. There is too much silly sentimentality about the duties of
a Mason to support his brethren. All duties are based upon justice
and reciprocal consideration. The Home is an outgrowth of the love
and considerate feeling of members of the Fraternity for their breth-
ren, but it was never intended to be used by designing men or women
for their own mercenary purposes. It is a pleasure to report that most
of the members of our Home are considerate and faithful.

Here is another Grand Lodge which in the pinch of
financial stringency begins to clamp down on the Fraternal
Correspondence. Of course the Reviewer is Past and Emeri-
tus Grand Secretary Albert K. Wilson. First they tell him

70 . MASONIC REVIEWS

politely but none the less forcefully to keep within fifty
pages; and then they equally as politely cut off his pay. Of
course he has some pay left in his emeritus position; but none
the less they cut off the pay of the Fraternal Correspondent.

ABOUT EXCLUSIVE T ERRITORIAL JURISDICTION,

And this year he had quite a bit to do. There were several
requests for recognition to be studied; several complications
to be ironed out. There was Brazil. Not only the several
Grand Lodges of the States of Brazil, but England’s latest
venture to favor her English-speaking associates, a District
Grand Lodge, more or less lined up with the old Grand Or-
ient. Then, too, there was Czechoslovakia—the Lessing Zu
den Drei Ringen, and the National—both regular and hap-
pily at peace, which is more than a lot of Europe can say to-
day. In Kansas the doctrine of exclusive territorial jurisdiction
is paramount; in Czechoslovakia is a condition not contem-
plated in that philosophy. We in North Carolina never set
out requiring it, but put on a qualifying clause—‘‘or sharing
the same territorial jurisdiction by common consent". And
Brother Wilson had Denmark before him—that new crowd
sprung out of the German situation, and the old Grand Lodge,
much older than the Grand Lodge of Kansas, and under
royal patronage and with restriction to Christians. Perhaps
these problems are the explanation of his quoting several
pages from Ray Denslow's Missouri disquisition on foreign
Freemasonry, which was more interesting than accurate.

We wish we might quote at length from that oration of
Grand Orator Henry Justin Allen, of Wichita, who was Gov-
ernor of Kansas in 1919-23 and who started in the newspaper
business in Manhattan, Kansas, in 1894. Incidently, we note
that Governor Allen's writeup in Who's Who tells about
his membership in Delta Tau Delta, and so forth, but the
good Governor forgot to tell in it that he is a Mason!

KENTUCKY 71

KENTUCK Y— 1935
FRED HARDWICK Is DEAD

The Annual was held in October, with Grand Master
Herbert Henderson presiding. Grand Master Henderson had
his administration saddened by the sudden death, on July
8, 1935, of Grand Secretary Fred W. Hardwick, on whom
Grand Masters of Kentucky had been depending for many
years. His Assistant Grand Secretary was Bro. Alex. M.
Woodruff, whom the Grand Master appointed to be Grand
Secretary in his place. Brother Woodruff died very sud-
denly six weeks after he had been made Grand Secretary. He
sustained a heart attack while seated in his living room. He
was not in very robust health. The Grand Master then ap-
pointed Bro. John S. Akers to fill the unexpired term, which
he did; and at the Annual Communication of the Grand
Lodge, Bro. Al. E. Orton was elected to fill the place. He
was installed on January first next, since the Grand Secre-
taries seem to serve for a term covering the calendar year.
We now discover Bro. Akers to be appointed Manager of the
Masonic Home Journal.

THE DEAN OF CORRESPONDENTS PASSES

But we find another distinguished Mason of Kentucky
to have passed on to his reward. This is none other than Past
Grand Master William W. Clarke, of Owensboro, who had
attained the ripe old age of eighty four years. He was a law-
yer by profession. At the time of his death he was the old-
est Foreign Correspondent of them all in point of service.
having first taken up that work thirty years before. Forty six
years ago he was Grand Master. It is not given to the com-
. mon run of Masons thus honored to carry the distinction of
Past Grand Master for forty six years, and William W.
Clarke was not of the common run. The Dean of Reviewers
. is dead: long live the Dean!

ONE Or THE BEsT MASONS

We cannot pass on without our personal word of tribute
to the genial Fred W. Hardwick. To us Fred represented
the composite of Best Masons. He had a clear knowledge

72 MASONIC REVIEWS

of Masons. He was a good Grand Secretary because he un-
derstood Masons, translated Masonry into a thing of warmth
and love, and bred confidence and happiness among those
around him. That Mason is a Best Mason who puts others
at ease in his presence, elicits from them their very best and
makes them want spontaneously to put into Masonry the
very best of which they are capable. Here indeed is one
whom we can write as one who loved his fellow men. God
gave him a great Masonic personality, and it did not fail of
development. We loved him and shall miss him.

UNUSUAL REQUESTS

We now note the acts of the Grand Master other than
appointments. First we note that a certain lodge wanted to
form a Masonic Club, which in turn was going to "sponsor"
a ball team to be called a Masonic Ball Team, although its
members were not Masons. Said team was to wear Mason-
ic emblems on uniforms, and here the Grand Master had to
break up the scheme; for in Kentucky it is against the law for
non-Masons to wear a Masonic emblem. It is declared that
“a member of I. T. Martin lodge wanted the privilege of de-
livering the Chart Lecture to a candidate with women folk
present: I ruled that same was unconstitutional’’. They never
stop seeking to do funny things. Perhaps next time somebody
will want to admit women for the Hiramic Drama. And
then there was the case of another brother who was in a `
Federal Prison—and what should be done about it? Ans-
wer—Prefer charges and try. Of course. Then another
lodge had not collected enough in fees to keep its hall in good
repair: it wanted to levy an assessment and it had requests
from two members for dimits and could it get the assess-
ments from them before they got the dimits? The Grand
Master tells them they cannot levy any assessment on anybody
for that purpose—or for any other purpose. Remembering
how they rebuilt the Masonic Home, we infer that the Grand
Lodge has that privilege as its monopoly.

How THE CORNERSTONE WAs LAID

We are not quite clear just how cornerstones are laid in
Kentucky. Grand Master Henderson tells us that on Octo-

KENTUCKY 73

ber 26, 1934, he gave to Henry Barnes Lodge a dispensation
to lay the cornerstone of the local high school building. This
seems to state unequivocally that cornerstones are laid by
subordinate lodges upon dispensation of the Grand Master
but the Masonic Home News of August 15, 1936, tells us that
on August 5, "the officers of the Grand Lodge of Kentucky
* * upon the invitation of the School Board of the City
of Williamstown and of Grand Lodge, met in that city and
in accordance with ancient landmarks, usages and customs,
laid the cornerstone of the high school auditorium". The
story is a little long; but we are told that "at 2:30 p. m.
Grant Lodge was opened in the Entered Apprentice Degree.
* * * The Lodge had been called for the purpose of lay-
ing the cornerstone.” ‘There was an address of welcome,
and an address by the PWA engineer; and then they went in-
to the school building because rain was coming. A lot of folks
spoke, and the audience sang "My Old Kentucky Home”.
Next the paper declares that “The meeting was then turned
over to the Grand Lodge of Kentucky for the purpose of
laying the cornerstone in due and ancient form and usuage.
* * * We then returned to the lodge room where Grant
(not Grand) Lodge was closed in due and ancient form at
five o'clock". And after they had started to make the drive
toward Louisville, those Grand Lodge officers were wellnigh
drowned in a rainstorm.

So we now wonder just who it is that is expected to lay
cornerstones in Kentucky.

THEY WANT To Move HIM Our OF TOWN

We now turn to other matters. First, we note that there
is agitation to move the Grand Secretary’s office to the prem-
ises of the Home, which institution has its new quarters a
few miles out of the city limits of Louisville. The Grand
Lodge offices are now in the Shubert Building in Louisville,
where they pay rent, of course. We are not able to say just
what the rent is; for up to July, 1935, they seem to have
paid $194.17 per month; the next two months, $175.00 per
month, and the September check was for $150.00. At any
rate, some of the members of the Grand Lodge wanted to
stop this expense or to pay it to the Home rather than to the

74 MASONIC REVIEWS

Shubert Building. They are going to get a report on this
in October, 1936. If we did not have our Masonic Temple
at Raleigh, we might be thinking of something like this, too.

THE: TRUTH ABOUT DENMARK

This Grand Lodge has a new Fraternal Correspondent,
or Foreign Correspondent, or Reviewer, or whatever he shall
on mature deliberation choose to be called. He is Bro. Ray
G. Tipton, and he has a good report. He wades into things
like a veteran. He has a special report on this Denmark mat-
ter. We rather suspect that he had been in correspondence
with friends in Washington. The new crowd at Copenhag-
en did not fool him—not a little bit. He did not get it con-
fused with the old and venerated Grand Lodge of Denmark
under royal patronage. He simply says that that Grand Lodge
of Denmark of which Carl Gunnerman is Grand Master and
H. E. Iverson is Grand Secretary and whose address is given
to him as Freemasons’ Hall, 33 Smallegabe, Copenhagen, is
reported to him as being irregular and that he recommends
that recognition be refused. It is to be regretted that other

Grand Lodges did not go at it that way also.

When they went into the election of officers, a telegram
was read from the Junior Grand Warden, which, "on mo-
tion, was ordered filed"; and the Junior Grand Warden
was dropped from the official line. C. P. Dudley was made
Junior Grand Warden from the floor, as was Al Orton,
Grand Secretary, Past Grand Master. Then they voted to
have Col. Cowles come and deliver the address on the occasion
of the big New Year’s Day celebration. l

LOUISIANA 75

LOUISIANA—1 935-1936

ACTING GRAND SECRETARY

The two books before us tell of the passing away of
Grand Secretary Lee Emmett Thomas, which occurred on
February 16, 1935, just one week after the close of the An-
nual Communication of that year. He had been ill before the
Annual but attended its sessions. The Grand Master elected
at that time, Most Worshipful Brother Philip Lieber, found
himself without legal authority to appoint another Grand
Secretary, but by common consent he appointed D. Peter
Laguens, Jr., as Acting Grand Secretary and this brother:
was a year later elected Grand Secretary by his Grand Lodge.
The Acting Grand Secretary of course had to take up the
work and get the Proceedings ready for printing as his first
big job.

HE HAD To REFINANCE

Grand Master Lieber had on his shoulders a big job
among all of the others—the job of working out some way
to keep Louisiana Masonry from losing the great Masonic
Temple which the Grand Lodge had built in New Orleans.
A clear thinking Jew, accustomed to real estate and financial
problems in wide experience with Building and Loan Asso-
ciations, he put much time into the financial problems and
got them very greatly clarified. He worked out a refinancing
plan for the huge mortgage burden on the Temple by ex-
tending the spread of repayment and getting the interest
charge reduced from six per cent to four per cent. He had to
go into the Federal Court to get it made effective, but his
efforts were successful.

SOME SPOILED LODGES

His official address requires one hundred and two pages
of the Proceedings. It is a fearless document, courteous but
outspoken. When he sees that something has to be said, he
says it. Many are howling about the assessment to save the
Temple. He tells them plainly that Masonry cannot afford
to default on that Temple, and that the two dollar assessment
must be levied for a number of years yet. He spoke of ‘the

76 MASONIC REVIEWS

hindsight of men who normally possess poor judgment” in
this connection—can you beat that? And he really got them
to liking his words—even in connection with that million-
and-a-quarter-dollar debt over them. With this as a start-
ing point he told the Lodges to go out and get their suspended
members back—make terms with them. He had certificates
of good standing issued to former members of lodges now de-
funct on the payment of one year's dues—salvage was the
watchword. He notes how some lodges have got into the
habit of being delinquent with dues, so that now he utters
a classic in the words, "some of our lodges have become
spoiled". Looks like some are not only spoiled, but rather
rotten—haven't paid per capita tax in a number of years,
nor have some paid rent on lodge room for five years, if we
remember correctly. i

These conditions gave rise to a phrase used nowhere else—
when Grand Lodge meets somebody rises and moves that
lodges in arrears be allowed "limited representation", the lim-
itation being that these cannot vote on amendments to the
Constitution or the General Regulations, or on any resolution
that might affect their own status financially.

LIEBER’S DECISIONS

Grand Master Lieber had the unique experience of issuing
a "ruling" or decision which set aside an act of the Grand
Lodge as invalid. It came about as a result of some unseemly
noise in the social rooms of the New Orleans Temple. These
rooms are on the street floor, and when beer "came back",
some of the men used some there, and the sort they used made
them want to sing—when perhaps they could not. They were
rowdy. Steps were taken. They appear to have “‘cussed out"
the Grand Master, who thereupon declared three of these "'in-
definitely suspended"; and the Grand Lodge sustained this
ruling but it is not shown that it is by other than majority
vote. Now to suspend indefinitely in Louisiana takes a two-
thirds vote. Grand Master Lieber seems to have desired to re-
instate the trio, so he just holds that the Proceedings of 1935
were faulty and that the men are reinstated. And Grand Mas-
ter Lieber gets away with it in 1936: his view is upheld and
sustained. Indeed he is sustained by the Grand Lodge “all

LOUISIANA 77

down the line"; in very few particulars are his acts and recom-
mendations not put into effect. He found that politics was
rife at Grand Lodge sessions, particularly about the election of
officers; so he says that election should come at the beginning
of the sessions, so that before it politics may not get so high.
We find nothing to have come of this recommendation. In
the past, the Louisiana books have been very tedious because
of the multiplicity of the Grand Master’s decisions—fifty,
sixty, seventy. This year there are only nine—the longest
as reported above. One is to the effect that, after a lodge
has created a certain brother as Honorary Member, it can-
not rescind that action. One has to do with a Mason ‘‘leg-
ally interdicted, but not confined to an institution for the
insane or feebleminded’’—the lodge does not have to pay
dues on him. Another had to do with the unusual case where
a lodge secretary was suspended from all of the rights and
privileges of Masonry for a period of three months—it is
ruled that after the expiration of the period of the suspension
he automatically resumes his station as secretary. This was
approved, but because the law made its approval necessary,
they changed the law. And finally, running out of other
matters, he rules that when a lodge and a chapter of the
Eastern Star occupy a hall jointly, the Eastern Stars may
hang on its walls the enlarged photograph of any member
of the Eastern Star whom the chapter may desire to honor.
But it is added that the lodge should agree to this.

The Grand Master did the amazing thing—cut his own
expense allowance from $2,500.00 to $2,000.00, and then
spent only half of that, giving the other thousand to the
hard-hit Masonic Home. He then looked into the status of
the "Grand Master's Relief Account". He did not think
there should be any Grand Master's Relief Account so he
came as near as possible to cutting it out. He thinks the dis-
pensing of relief should not be the function of the Grand
Master.

Must RESPECT THE PRIVATE MATTERS

Here is a Grand Master who goes after the practice of
publishing things that ought to be kept secret—as for in-
stance, printing in the papers the names of the characters in

73 MASONIC REVIEWS

the great Masonic Dramas. We remember that the Scottish
Rite has prohibited this sort of thing. But he used the radio
with all good intentions in a Masonic broadcast, and got a
lot of criticism on his head about it. And he was invited to
speak to the Southern Methodist Conference on ''Masonry
and Religion in Parallel Courses". Now if that isn't news,
we'll quit writing. And another unusual item is the fact
that the Grand Orator was Rabbi Abram Brill, LL. D., 33°,
of Shreveport, whose subject was “The Inspiration and
Greatness of Masonry." His exordium is as follows:

ORATION
Worshipful Grand Master, Officers and Members of the Grand Lodge of

Louisiana;

A proud and joyous moment it was for me and my religious flock
when we heard the thrilling news a year ago that the capable and
sterling presiding officer of our Jewish organization in Shreveport,
had also become the presiding officer of this honorable Grand Lodge
of Masons of the State of Louisiana, and with what justifiable pride
and elation we have noted throughout his year of administration as
such, how efficiently, earnestly and successfully he has carried on in
his responsible position and followed worthily in the footsteps of his
eminent predecessors, and through conscientious devotion to his high
Masonic duties, also reflected glory upon the noble and ancient stock
from which he sprang, and signal honor upon the community and city
which he so well represents. e

ONLY ONE CLOSING NECESSARY

And we close with the notation that a resolution is
adopted to the effect that "when all the usual current busi-
ness of a Lodge has been transacted and the last labor of
the Communication is the conferring of the Entered Appren-
tice or Fellowcraft degree, it shall be permitted to close the
Lodge on the Degree on which it has been at labor, thus al-
lowing the newly initiated or passed brother to witness the
closing ceremony”.

MAINE 79

MAINE—1936

Grand Master Clark D. Chapman presided at the one
hundred and seventeenth Annual May 5 to 7 last; and Grand
Master Henry Reed Gillis succeeded him. The Annuals are
always held at Portland. The Temple there is very attractive.
We first saw it when the Triennial Convocation of the
General Grand Chapter was held there in 1924. Grand Secre-
tary Convers E. Leach, efficient as usual, has the Proceedings
before us very promptly.

RE-OBLIGATION MEETING

Grand Master Chapman called on each lodge in Maine to
have, on October 23, 1935, a Re-Obligation Meeting, and
asked all Masons to participate then in a ceremony of re-
obligation and reconsecration to Freemasonry. The Grand
Master prepared a message which he asked each lodge to cause
to be read while thus open, to be accompanied by the taking
upon themselves of the three obligations by all present, with
such local program as might be desired.

“SYMBOLIC LODGE” Is CORRECT

Another feature which seems to have taken hold in
Maine is "Symbolic Lodge Weck" Its purpose is to promote
interest in the ritualistic work and educational program. In
1936 it occurred in the week of February 17. The first three
evenings were given over to the ritual, and on the next two
evenings there were educational programs. The Grand Mas-
ter says "the success of the previous year was repeated" and
it was "one of the outstanding occasions of the Masonic
year". We are constrained to remark that if it did nothing
else, it focussed attention on the fact that a Masonic Lodge
is not a “blue lodge", but a "Symbolic Lodge". We have got-
ten into the lazy habit of speaking of a blue lodge as if this
were the best name. In England, they are called Craft Lodges.

SUPPER MEETINGS

The Grand Master believes in the social side of Free-
masonry, with reservations. Reservation number one is, that
he does not believe in organized Masonic Social Clubs. He
says they become "of primary importance", and do not al-

80 MASONIC REVIEWS

ways carry on "within the limits prescribed by our rules”.
Reservation number two is, that he is opposed to the Lodge
Supper paid for from the lodge treasury. He says the prac-
tice is almost extinct in Maine and he is glad of it. He does
not amplify on his objections. In Richmond, Virginia, lodges
used to have their meetings on the supper plan; we do not
know whether the custom still prevails but believe it does.
In Australia it generally prevails. We once read that certain
lodges under the Australian constitutions had so many visi-
tors to eat with them who refused to affiliate with them, that
they planned schemes to stop this unsought opportunity to
offer free hospitality.

SHAKY FINANCIAL PLAN

There was a full report in the Grand Master’s address,
on the subject of lodge finances. Of 139 lodges reporting,
sixty six did not have sufficient revenues from dues to pay
their current cost of operation, and of the sixty six, two
thirds could not pay out with every red cent that they could
get their hands on.

WHAT DISTRIBUTION COMMITTEE DISTRIBUTES

This Grand Lodge has a different sort of Committee on
Distribution. The most of the Grand Lodges have Com-
mittees on Distribution whose dreary duty it is to report
that “all matters of finance in the Grand Master's address
are referred to the Committee on Finance; everything about
the deceased, to the Committee on Necrology; his decisions
and rulings to the Jurisprudence Committee; other matters
to Charters and Dispensations’’, and so on; whereas the most
of these committees have their reports ready to read when
Old Distribution actually reports and it is all perfunctory.
But here is something different—a Committee on Distribu-
tion which does something worth while. It investigates cas-
es of need among Masons’ families, and distributes the relief

funds of the Grand Lodge. Here is what the Grand Master
says of it:

I wish that every member of this Grand Lodge might know
of the heart-rending distress which exists among our members and
their dependents by reason of helpless old age, incapacitating illness
or accident, death of the husband and father leaving a destitute widow

MAINE 81

and children, utter destitution through inability to find work and other
causes for which those in distress are in no way to blame. Then I wish
that every member of this Grand Lodge might read the many messages
of heartfelt gratitude and renewed courage that come from many re-
cipients of your assistance. I know that each one of you would join
with me in earnestly saying, "Thank God that Freemasonry can do it".

Masonic lodges suffer from shifts of population, chang-
es in modes of living and changes in the habits of successive
generations as they pass over the stage of life. Thus we read
the following:

CONDITION OF THE LODGES

A few, fortunately very few, of the lodges in this state are suffer-
ing from a lack of the spirit of Freemasonry to such an extent that
they have difficulty to obtain officers and omit all too many of their
stated communications. It is not because their membership is small
that these conditions exist. Indeed, some of the best Freemasonry in
our state is found in some of our smallest lodges.

Their condition may be attributed to the process of evolution
which has long gone on in Maine, that is, to the gradual moving
away of the young people from the towns in which they were born
and the consequent decline in population. This is particularly apparent
in the numbers of the younger generations. When charters were grant-
ed, these towns were well able to maintain Masonic lodges. Now that
conditions have changed a serious question is presented. I have been
asked upon several occasions what such a lodge may do and have re-
sponded that I can conceive of three possible courses.

Then he suggests that greater activity in the lodge, or
consolidation with another lodge, or arrest of charter, must
of course ensue.

The Grand Master among his decisions held that one
totally and incurably deaf is not “an eligible candidate for
Freemasonry”. He had the unusual duty of acting on charges
of impeachment of the Master of a lodge. He suspended the
Master and directed that his case be heard by Grand Lodge
at this Annual Communication. It is so done. The offending
Master admitted his guilt and was suspended indefinitely.

During the year came the presentation of the first Fifty
Year Medals. It is declared that provision for these was a
good act. Six hundred of them were needed. The oldest re-
cipient was raised in 1864—seventy two years a Mason.

Dr. Ashley A. Smith is again on the job with a very
able document of Masonic Reviews, and we thank him for
his discussion of North Carolina.

82 MASONIC REVIEWS

MARYLAND-—1935 -
WELL ILLUSTRATED :-'

This book is very charmingly adorned with pictures of
the Masonic Temple at Baltimore—seven of them. They are
from beautiful photographs, and are of spots in. the Temple
very pleasing to the eye. One is of the Grand Master's Room,
in which one sees a great oil portrait which one guesses to be
that of late Thomas J. Shryock, for three decades Grand
Master. Only since the death of Warren S. Seipp, his succes-
sor as Grand Master, has the principle of a short term of the
Grand Master, as in other American Sid Lodges, come
back in Maryland.

How THEY OPEN

The Grand Lodge holds one Stated Communication in
May, and another in November. The Grand Lodge is opened
by the Deputy Grand Master, and the Grand Marshal, Grand
Pursuivant and Grand Director of Ceremonies then properly
escort the Grand Master from his chambers to the East, to the
strains of the organ. Then the choir rendered appropriate
music. There was only one Past Grand Master of Maryland,
who is Bro. George R. Gorsuch, who was thereupon éscort-
ed from the Grand Master’s apartment and received in the
East. The session committees being appointed, the Grand
Lodge then listened to the Grand Master’s Address. This
procedure applied in both communications.

BALTIMORE MASONS. PREDOMINATE

Grand Master George W. Livingstone finds Masonry in
Maryland on the upgrade. There are in Maryland some 120
lodges, with 30,606 members. In Baltimore city and. county
there are 43 of these lodges, with some 19,000 members.
The average membership in the city lodges alone is close to
500. It will be seen, therefore, that metropolitan conditions
control the Masonic situation in Maryland. In education,
Maryland is divided into two parts; the city of Baltimore,
and the rest of the state, each totally independent of the oth-
er. In Masonry, there are the Baltimore lodges; then that
large group of lodges on the Eastern Shore; then those east

MARYLAND 83

of Frederick, and last, those whose center is Cumberland. It
must be remembered that at Cumberland the state is only five
or six miles wide between Mason’ and Dixon’s Line to the
north and West Virginia to the south.

MASONRY Vs. FRATERNITY

The Grand Master makes the following statement:

Brethren we have been making too many Masons. Many of
our Lodges, especially our city lodges, are too large. There can be no
spirit of Fraternity where there is no personal acquaintance or close
contact. There is no Masonry where there is no Fraternity. I would
rather belong to a small lodge, doing a limited amount of work each
year, where all remembered and practiced the five points of fellow-
ship than belong to a Lodge of from five hundred to a thousand mem-
bers, every one of whom were students of Masonic Philosophy, but too
engrossed in the study of it to remember the meeting night of their
Lodge or the names of its officers. More Fraternity and less ancient
history; more knocks at the homes of your less fortunate brethren and
fewer knocks at the doors of your preparation rooms, will promote the
healthiest kind of growth in our Lodges and the fullest realization of
the high ideals of Masonry.

The Grand Master speaks in the highest terms of the
great value of the Schools of Instruction, which he says have
"unified Masonry”. There are three Schools of Instruction
each week in Baltimore alone. "There is no feeling on the part
of any lodge in the state that it is segregated or isolated", he
says.

STANDARDS OF RECOGNITION

A very strict rule of origins is observed in the matter of
recognition of foreign Grand Lodges in Maryland. True,
several of them were quite ragged, but of the seven Grand
Lodges seeking recognition it is stated that each is "irregu-
lar in its origin" and each was turned down. Well, we are
not quite sure that this is true even by the strictest of stand-
ards. Take that "United Roumanian Freemasonry”, for ex-
ample. Every lodge in it could trace its origin and family
tree back to the Grand Lodge of England. Just for the sake
of argument, take the Grand Orient of Brazil—the United
Grand Lodge of England recognizes it. Why, then, should
a child of that United Grand Lodge of England turn her nose
up at it? We don't recognize it, but that is another story.

84 MASONIC REVIEWS

ARE MACKEY's LANDMARKS FINAL?

A certain Master and a Past Master presented a resolution
to the effect that lodges might receive the petitions of young
men under twenty one, if their twenty first birthday: would
come within ninety days; but they must not be initiated be-
fore that birthday. The Grand Master read Mackey's list of
landmarks and declared that the resolution could not be en-
tertained because it conflicted with the eighteenth of them.
We suppose Maryland has officially adopted Mackey's ver-
sion of the landmarks, which North Carolina has not, but
on the contrary we unofficially recognize something very
clesely akin: to Dean Pound's summary, which denies the
very one here considered.

With reference to knowing Masonry, the Grand Mas-
ter has the following:

We talk a good deal about the ignorance of people outside of Mason-
ry regarding Freemasonry. We might talk a great deal more about the
ignorance of people inside Masonry regarding Freemasonry. | What do
your members know about Masonry any more than the three degrees
they have gone through when they were partly in a mental haze? What
do they know about the background? How many of them think of it
as an insurance organization? They tell their wives, ‘You need not worry
any more. If anything happens to me the Masons will take care of you
the rest of your life. You don't have to worry about the children, the
Masons will take care of them’’. It is thought of as a grand and glorious
insurance fund, at the smallest possible per capita under the sun. You
would be surprised if you tried to make an analysis of the mental attitude
of your members to find how many men consider the Masonic Fraternity
purely a cheap insurance affair. .

And the following is a most timely utterance:

Something should be done to bring the Fraternity into a better re-
lationship with the membership. We ought to pay some attention to the
shut-in; those members of the Lodge that are unable to get about, those
who are sick, and those who for any cause are confined to their homes.
Every Lodge should appoint a committee to look after that part of the
membership which for any reason comes under the class of shut-ins. Some
members are too old to go to Lodge. It is unsafe for them to be out
at night. An occasional call or visit to these members would do much
toward increasing the value of Masonry. It is usually a fact that when
a Mason dies, the Lodge of which he was a member forgets all about his
family. A widow of a Mason said recently that it seemed to her that the
only interest that Masonry ever had in her husband was to get his dues.
Every Lodge Secretary should keep a register of the widows of the deceased
members of the Lodge. At Christmas time and on other occasions a greet-

MARYLAND 85

ing card should be sent them or perhaps some remembrance or token given
in memory of the Brother who has passed on. When the Lodge has
social functions, the members of the family of the deceased Brother should
be invited to attend. The Masonic tie between a Brother and the Lodge
should be passed on to his family after he has gone to his reward.

GIFTS To BONNIE BLINK

Maryland has a very young Masonic Home, at Bonnie
Blink, near Baltimore—a most charmingly beautiful place.
It is at the stage of outstanding presentations. One of these
during the year was of a portrait of Warren S. Seipp, re-
ferred to above, whose “masonic life was without equal”, `
says the book. Another presentation was of Westminster
Peal Bells and Tower Clock, by an anonymous donor. Still
another is by the girls in the Grand Secretary’s office—equip-
ment for the dental office. The girls held suppers and raised
money.

There has hitherto been no Committee on Masonic Ju-
risprudence in Maryland—-what the Grand Master said was
law stood. It is therefore interesting to find the following:

This Committee also desires to recommend that a Committee on
Masonic Jurisprudence be created to review the decisions of the Grand
Master during his term of office, and submit recommendations in re-
gard thereto to the Grand Lodge of Maryland at its communications for
such action as the Grand Lodge may desire to take thereon, in order that
these decisions, if approved by this Body, may have the force of law.
It is recommended that this Committee on Masonic Jurisprudence consist
of not less than three or more than five Past Masters.

86 MASONIC REVIEWS

MASSACHUSET TS—1935
LARGE PERCENTAGE OF ELIGIBLES ARE MASONS

Massachusetts is a state of eight thousand square miles
of land area, a population therein of some four million, and
90,595 Masons in about 322 lodges, which would make
the average membership of these lodges run some little less
than three hundred each. One person in 44 is a Master Ma-
son; or allowing half as males and half of these as adult
males, one in eleven of grown men is a Mason. We seem to
remember that about half of the total population of the state’
is Roman Catholic, and this would mean that two out of every
eleven men not Romanists are Masons. Measured in terms of
its area, we find that there is a Masonic lodge to every 25
square miles. If these facts do not mean anything to our
North Carolina reader, let him remember that we have one
lodge to each 133 square miles, and that one person in a hun-
dred is a Mason, or one grown man out of twenty five. But
one third of our population are Negroes, and the number
whose religious laws prohibit their membership in our lodges
is negligible. This would mean that one out of every fifteen
or thereabouts of available material is a Mason. The gist of
all of this is that what applies effectively to Massachusetts
Freemasonry might not work so smoothly in North Caro-
lina.

COMPACT JURISDICTION

Thus if one goes west from this writer’s home he has
to travel four hundred and forty miles to get to Murphy,
N. C., which is toward the west: or one hundred and forty
miles to reach Manteo, which is east. One can, on the other
hand, board his car at any point in Massachusetts, attend
Grand Lodge and return the same day. This fact is linked
up with their plan of holding Grand Lodge Communications.
There are four Quarterly Communications, in March, June
and December respectively, and the Stated Communication .
on December 27. Also, the custom of assembling Grand
Lodge for Special Communications for Anniversaries and
other locally important occasions is quite popular.

In the same way, the Lodge system of Masonic Educa-

MASSACHUSETTS 87

tion is quite effective in Massachusetts and in the District of
Columbia, for instance; and we have tried it out in this
state. We expect it to be successful with us, but only after

we have subjected the plan as we know it among these, to
some modifications.

We find in this book what we take to be some reverbera-
tions of the muddle in China, in that certain persons in Mas-
sachusetts lodges in China are suspended, while other persons
in these lodges, who had been previously suspended, are re-
stored, it appearing that additional light has been shed upon
their cases. The book discretely avoids going into details in
the matter of airing soiled linen, which is eminently proper.
That part of the book before us which we should digest for
these reviews is some four hundred pages and we may not
have read every bit of it; but we do not remember having
read anything further bearing on Chinese matters. We sup-
pose there is no news.

The Grand Master presiding is Most Worshipful Bro-
ther Claude L. Allen. In one of the earlier meetings of the
year, Past Grand Master Curtis Chipman was present, and
at the next meeting we find his obituary notice. Grand Mas-
ters in Massachusetts serve three years, and his term was 1932
through 1934, he being the Junior Past Grand Master at the
time of his death. He died suddenly.

SUSPENSION PROBLEMS

Grand Master Allen confesses himself to be disturbed
about the high suspension rate for non-payment of dues.
Well he might be, since our books show us that not so many
years ago the Masonic membership in his state was thirty
three thousand more than it is at present; his Grand Lodge
has lost more than one fourth of its members, and the losses
came by the hand of death, of suspension and of dimit. We
can’t control the mortality rate but he thinks we should con-
trol the other, as we see here:

In determining the Lodge’s responsibility, the first thing to be learned
is the individual’s Masonic interest. Next, his ability to pay, which must
reveal his circumstances to a point which will uncover his personal story
so that the Worshipful Master, before recommending suspension for non-

payment of dues, can decide whether he is merely removing from the mem-
bership list a man who is not interested in Masonry or whether he is de-

88 MASONIC REVIEWS

priving a worthy Brother of a moral and spiritual support which his Lodge
can give him in his time of trouble.

One conspicuous instance has been noted of a Mason in good stand-
ing for thirty-one years, reported to Grand Lodge and suspended for non-
payment of dues at a time when he was suffering the loss of his business
through no fault of his own. Harassed beyond measure by his sudden `
reversal of circumstances from affluence to poverty, mentally disturbed
and sick with it all, he had ceased to open any of his mail and so did not
even read the notice of his pending suspension. Had a careful inquiry
been made of his circumstances balanced against his long period of member-
ship, it is unthinkable that the Lodge would not have protected his mem-

bership.

A distinguished Past Grand Master of this Grand Lodge
is Brother Melvin M. Johnson, who is now Sovereign Grand
Commander of the Ancient and -Accepted Scottish Rite for
the Northern Jurisdiction of the United States, which is the
most populous of them all in the world, if we remember
correctly. He speaks interestingly about Masonic conditions
in Europe, having recently spent some time there studying
these matters. His picture is not at all bright in several coun-
tries.

HONORARY PAST GRAND MASTER

Past Grand Master Johnson occupied the floor another
time, too. This time he recounted the facts which put Dr.
Frederick W. Hamilton into the office of Grand Secretary, and
in concluding he moved that Dr. Hamilton be made an Hon-
orary Past Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Massachu-
setts, which was of course done unanimously.

LARGE BEQUESTS

This Grand Lodge, like Pennsylvania, received many
bequests—usually convertible into cash, and sometimes
for permanent improvements. One of the latter was that of
the wonderfully beautiful estate, "Juniper Hall", by the
Matthew J. Whitall family, to be used as a Masonic Hospital.
In the books we find that the Acacia fraternity men have
built in connection with this a fine greenhouse. In the for-
mer classification of liquid bequests there have been made
since July, 1931, twenty six, and their value already re-
ceived is $166,667.64.

In addition to its lodges in China, Massachusetts has

MASSACHUSETTS 89

others in the Canal Zone, and in Chile. There is a report from
each of these districts. It is understood that in Chile no new
lodges are to be constituted; and in the Canal Zone, there is
no interference or abbreviation of the exclusive occupancy by
Massachusetts, as we now remember it.

The Grand Master is one of those who found it necessary

to say something about gambling and lotteries, beginning as
follows:

GAMBLING

The gambling spirit is rampant in our midst, and unfortunately
not all of our Brethren are immune to its wiles. To me, it is a deplorable
thought that any Masonic organization or any organization composed
wholly of Masons should, for the purpose of raising money, be willing to
jeopardize the fair name of our beloved Order by resorting to lotteries or
games of chance which in most cases are in violation of state or federal
laws, and in all cases are in violation of the dignity and reputation of our
Order.

Unfortunately our Brethren, in some cases swayed from their better
judgment by the alluring promises presented by the promoters of these
games as to the easy money that can be realized from them, are tempted to
the point where their proper perspective of the cardinal principles of our
Order and the importance of safe-guarding its fair name may be endangered.
Participation in these enterprises, if they tend to bring Masonry into dis-
repute, may constitute a Masonic offense even although they are not in
actual violation of the statute law.

Then he adds that he has been asked to approve some of
these things, but has refused and on his refusal the plans were
abandoned, which is more than California and Illinois Grand
Masters, and perhaps others, can say.

90 MASONIC REVIEWS

MICHIGAN—1935

STORY ABOUT CATHOLIC

The ninety first Annual Communication of the Grand
Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Michigan
met on May 28, 1935, in the Civic Auditorium at Grand
Rapids. Presiding was Grand Master Frank S. Gould. Pre-
siding at the closing next day was Grand Master Harvey A.
Sherman, who is Official Stenographer for the Thirty Sixth
Judicial District of Michigan. "There were present 960 per-
sons, of whom 403 were visitors. Fifty three lodges were
not represented. The opening occurred at high twelve on
Tuesday. The Grand Master gets a telegram of congratu-
lation from the Knights of Columbus, and the K. C.'s of
Grand Rapids sent a bouquet of flowers. Present was Grand
Master Jay Kirk, of Kansas, and the gift from the Roman
Catholic Knights of Columbus set him to thinking. A part `
of his thoughts are as follows: ` `

Most Worshipful Grand Master: I was very, very much impressed
by this gesture on the part of an outside organization considered antagonis-
tic to Masonry, and I was very much impressed by the remarks of your
Grand Master in accepting that gracious courtesy. May I be pardoned a
personal reference of experience which I prize very highly, and which
affected me very much. In 1930, I was stricken and taken to a hos-
pital in Kansas City, there to remain for three months, and on my return
home I found that a very, very dear friend of Mrs. Kirk, a very devout
Catholic, on the day that I was taken to Kansas City, had gone to her
church and there, before one of her altars, had lighted a candle, and from
that day until the day I was returned home, that candle was kept burning
for the Grand Master of the Masons of Kansas in that Catholic Church.
and I place that experience alongside of, and on a par with the many tele-
grams and letters I received from my own lodges saying that they too
were praying for my recovery.

Life is a complex problem, my brethren. We follow many path-
ways through it. I think it is most beautifully described, from a Masonic
standpoint, by John the Evangelist, where he said he sees a vision of the
city of God having three gates on each side, three on the east side,
three on the west side, three on the north side and three on the south side. `
We may find an entrance to that City from all directions. You may be
on the south side in the sunshine of joy and peace; you will find an en-
trance on that side. You may be on the north side, in the darkness of sor-
row and despair, and you will find an entrance on that side. You may be
on the east side, at the sunrise of youth, with its hopes and ambitions.
You will find an entrance on that side. You may be on the west side, near
the sunset of life, having seen your hopes a fruition, or experienced them

MICHIGAN 91

blasted by failure. You will find an entrance on your side. I need not come
over to your pathway in order to gain entrance into that city; I need not
go around to the other side, as I approach it. We will find an entrance
by following our own individual pathway through life; and our con-
cern, and Masonry's concern, is that we live by patterning after the designs
upon the trestleboard as we find them in the great law of our order.

Mrs. KEYES DELIVERS ADDRESS

And this Grand Lodge gives attention to another organi-
zation. They got started at noon, and got down to busi-
ness at 2:30 p. m. For a half hour before that time there
was a speech by Mrs. Minnie Evans Keyes, who is General
Grand Secretary of the General Grand Chapter of the Eastern
Star of the United States and used to live in Michigan, where
her husband was an active Mason. She spoke reminiscently
and very well, and pleased the boys. She concluded with the
old English prayer:—

“Give us good digestion, Lord, and also something to digest. Give
us healthy bodies, Lord, and sense to keep them at their best. Give us

a heart that's pure, O Lord, to keep the good and true in sight. When
sin appears, be not afraid, but find a way to set it right.

"Give us a mind unbound, O Lord, that does not whimper, whine
or sigh.
"Don't let us worry overmuch about that fussy thing called I.

“Give us a sense of humor, Lord, give us the grace to take a joke,
to find some happiness in life, and pass it on to other folk." (Applause).

INSURANCE PoLicy For THE HOME

Also present was a representative of a Shrine Temple,
who announced that his Temple (Saladin) had decided to
buy a life insurance policy for five thousand dollars, payable
to the Masonic Home, and to provide for keeping it in force.

And then the Order of the Rainbow for Girls came in for
discussion. A few years ago an effort was made to get per-
mission for these girls to have their meetings in lodge rooms,
but it was unsuccessful; so the Grand Master now reopens
the subject, and tells them that the intention of the Grand
Lodge about it as thus expressed is being violated all over
the state. He recommends that the law be changed. Thus there
comes out a constitutional provision to the effect that the
Masonic law may not be amended unless notice is given to
the lodges at least sixty days in advance of the Annual Com-

92 MASONIC REVIEWS

munication of the Grand Lodge at which it is to be acted up-
on. This means that in effect any Grand Master's recommen-
-dations have to go to the ashcan if they involve changes of
law; for once he is through with his Annual Message he will
likely drop the subject. Somehow we are not so keen about
such a constitutional provision. The Grand Lodge is the
legal body of Masonry through lawful representatives of a
substantial part of the lodges thereof, and its annual gatherings
should have power to do that which is necessary to preserve
the best interests of the Craft. It sets up its fundamentals in
the nature of a Constitution separate and apart from what
we call Regulations, and says "Don't tamper with the funda-
mentals except on a year's notice; these are different from laws
and Regulations made pursuant to the exercise of constitu-
tionally prescribed powers”. Police and fiscal matters often
deserve or require action with much shorter notice than six-
ty days to protect the interests of the Craft from suffering
or harm.

RESTRICTIONS VOTED DOWN

The Grand Lodge of Michigan by its own declaration
is "averse to * * any regulations of local lodges except such
as seem necessary for the good government and harmony of
the Craft at large". Alone, this means nothing; but it is
stated as a preamble to the rejection of a proposal to require
all lodges having concurrent jurisdiction to charge the same
fee for the degrees. Another item rejected was the proposal
to limit the membership of all lodges to three hundred mem-
bers except those which now have more, and to set the pre-
sent membership as the maximum for these. In still another
case there came up the question of prohibiting acceptance of
applications from men-dealing in liquor. It is decided "bat
this subject be left with our constituent lodges”.

LAW ABOUT PooR PERSONS

But in one matter there was a definite mandate to all
lodges. It is, that if any guests shall "leave or be discharged
from the Home and thereafter become public charge as a ‘poor
person', the lodge will protect and save harmless the Board
of Control and the owner of the Home from all legal liabili-

MICHIGAN 93

ty existing against them * * * *”, The reason for this is
the fact that in Michigan it is a crime with severe punishment,
to bring into Michigan, or to take from one county to an-
other, such "poor persons with intent to make them county
charges". It is to be noted that “the lodge" referred to is
that one which is responsible for the presence of such guest
in the Home.

The Grand Lodge duly heard and adopted some strong
resolutions concerning movements subversive of constitutional
government, concerning atheism and concerning "slipping
away from the moorings of rectitude". A committee is pro-
vided for, to investigate the subject, with its expenses paid.

94 MASONIC REVIEWS

MINNESOT A—1936
DOoUBLE-HEADER CORNERSTONE LAYING

They had several occasional Grand Lodges between: Jan-
uary 17, 1935, and January 16, 1936. Among these was
one for a double-barrelled Cornerstone-Laying at Hibbing,
which is a town of some sixteen thousand souls. On August
17, the Grand Lodge met there for the purpose of laying the
cornerstone of the new Post Office and also to lay the corn- .
erstone of the new Park School Building at the same place.
We do not recollect another occasion like this in our reading
of the Proceedings.

GRAND MASTER’S REPRESENTATIVE

They have a different and new Grand Lodge Official
in Minnesota. This is a Grand Lodge of fifty thousand Mas-
ter Masons in 307 lodges in a big state. In 1935 the Grand
Master recommended that there be created the office of Grand :
Master’s Representative, and it was so done. So Grand
Master Eugene G. McKeown appoints Past Grand Master
Gustaf Widell of Mankato to that position. The salary re- .
ceived by him was about sixteen hundred dollars. He was .
Grand Master twenty nine years ago. He seems to have been
a sort of general trouble-shooter; he was sent to visit 28
lodges "in controversial matters"; he visited the 39 lodges
which had no representative at the Annual Communication
of the Grand Lodge; he set out to get financial statements
from the 307 lodges and did succeed in getting them from 88
of these. He served as Field Man for the Masonic Home and
in that capacity boosted the collections for the Home from
sixteen thousand dollars to twenty seven thousand.

LODGE SHOULD NOT PETITION For PUBLIC LIBRARY

The Grand Master was called upon to make the usual
run of decisions; some easy and some not. Here, for instance,
is Traverse Lodge, which got behind with its per capita tax
in 1933; omitted that for 1933 but paid for 1934 on time;
apparently is going to pay for 1935. Is this lodge entitled
to representatives with mileage and per diem? ‘This would
be a convenient way to postpone a payment. It is held that

MINNESOTA 95

when a payment was made it should apply to the oldest per
capita in arrears, and the condition described did not in fact
exist. Then a certain lodge comes up with the statement that
every public-minded organization in town has gone on record
as asking for a Public Library, including the K. C.'s, Civic
Clubs, and so forth. May a Masonic Lodge do the same?
The Grand Master says to the lodge that "as a lodge it would
be better if you did not endorse" the movement to get a Pub-
lic Library, even, though a late brother of the lodge left by
his will a lot to be used for such. “A number of the Older
Past Masters (Caps the Grand Master quotes) of the Lodge
felt that the matter should not come before the lodge". Great
is Conservatism and shall prevail—in Masonry!

Apr MEMBERS OF CITY COUNCIL INELIGIBLE?

Then there came up a perfect logical question about liq-
uor. The Minnesota Masonic Law provides that one who
operates a liquor store is liable to expulsion. In a certain city,
the liquor store is operated by the city council. Are the
members of the city council which operates the store, liable
for expulsion for so doing? He states offhand that he does
not believe such persons are liable to discipline. But he rath-
er definitely wavered, and finally stated that it would have
to be settled by a Trial Commission, or words to that ef-
fect. This is a case which might well be studied in North
Carolina, for we have some eighteen counties in which the
county commissioners operate liquor stores. True, they do it
through the instrumentality of an ABC commission which
they appoint; but in the long run, the commissioners operate
the store. We heard the other day a man going still further
than this about it; he held that the Commissioners and the
ABC commission were both merely the instrumentalities by
which the people of the county operated the store pursuant to
popular vote in which a majority voted to do so in a special
election. He therefore held that every man and woman who
voted for such a plan was in effect operating that store and
was not eligible to be or to remain a Mason. What do you
know about that?

Then there was another case. A certain Masonic Hall
had been used for a long time by the Christian Scientists.

96 MASONIC REVIEWS

Some did not like to have this done. Should they stop it?
He in reply told them to get together and decide for them-
selves, the Hall in question never having been dedicated. So
after a while they did this and unanimously resolved to limit
its continuous use to “‘the various Masonic bodies". And now
we wonder who has defined the “various Masonic Bodies".

Certainly the Order of the Eastern Star is not a pariah
among these "bodies"; as the following from the record will
indicate:

ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR

Some subjects become stale and of but little, if any, interest to us.
There is one subject that never tires me or becomes stale. Were the oc-
casion right and I a drinking man, I would propose a toast to the Order
of the Eastern Star and drink the last drop in my glass to the good health
and to the honor of that splendid organization. We cannot forget how
the Eastern Star rose to the occasion and stowed $75,000.00 away in
the Bank and with it bought and paid for the entire furnishings of the
Home. This good work did not stop when the Home was furnished.
The Patriotic Masonic Home Committee is still active and each year adds
valuable contributions in the way of furnishings, etc. The Chairman of
this Committee will give a detailed report of the work of the Commit-
tee. In my last report I mentioned the latest major project of the
Star, that of building a Chapel. A committee for the Chapel project
has been appointed by the Grand Chapter, O. E. S., and some progress
has been made. Sisters Dunn and Ruff, both Past Worthy Grand Matrons,
are faithful members of the Board. Their services are invaluable and
much appreciated. The Worthy Grand Matron, Sister Gwen Brown,
and Sister Hilard, Chairman of the Home Committee, are almost always
present at the meetings of the Board and are both ready and willing
at any time to serve the Home. To all these Sisters and to the Grand Chap-
ter and the Subordinate Chapters that give generous supplies of jellies, jams,
pickles, etc.,.the Board expresses our grateful appreciation.

COMMITTEE REVISED FUNERAL SERVICE

Any committee which is appointed to rewrite the Funeral .
Service has our ‘sympathy. This scribe was thus appointed
by a certain Grand Master, now deceased. We could not
find a Service that we felt justified in recommending, nor
could we construct one that we were willing to offer; and
we so reported. A few years later there was another such
committee, and it did a good piece of work. It was headed
by none less than the Reverend Frank Dean, an exceedingly
able Mason. As we remember it, he put the work in the
hands of John Anderson to be read before the Grand Lodge;
it was so read, and was then laid on the table, or in the ash-

MINNESOTA 97

can, or buried in the archives without benefit of clergy—not
even of the Rev. Frank Dean. Many there be who criticize
the Burial Service but thankless is the task of improving it.
A couple of years ago this scribe and a Past Master of our
lodge discussed the salient points of such a service: this scribe
reduced them to writing, and shortly the Past Master died.
The Burial Service thus prepared was used at his funeral.
Within a few weeks the lodge treasurer died, and the family
asked that this service be used again. It is now forgotten in
old papers. What provoked all of this is the fact that in
the Grand Lodge of Minnesota a committee reported with
a revised Burial Service, which was referred to the Committee
on Distribution and then got to the floor and was rejected.
The Grand Lodge did give the committee a vote of thanks for
its labors.

There is a resolution adopted to permit the Grand Lodge
to remit to a lodge the per capita tax on members whose dues
the lodge has remitted. It is quite well worded. The feature
of it that we like best among all such plans is, that it still
gives the Grand Lodge control over its finances, and does
not make remission by the Grand Lodge mandatory. The
law is as follows:

"If any subordinate Lodge remits the dues of any of its members for
_ 1935, the Secretary of such Lodge, at the time he files the annual return of
his Lodge for 1935 with the Grand Secretary, may file a certificate, signed
by him under the seal of the Lodge, showing the names of all members
of the Lodge whose dues have been remitted by the Lodge for 1935,
and the reason for such remission. Such certificate shall be referred to
the Grand Lodge Committee on Lodges for the 1937 Annual Communica-
tion for examination and investigation, and if after considering the same
the Committee on Lodges recommends that the Grand Lodge dues for
1935 of any member named in such certificate should be remitted, the
Grand Lodge dues for 1935 for such member shall be remitted.

We greatly enjoyed reading the Reviews by Brother E.
A. Montgomery, and assure him that it is a pleasure to have

our own in usual form again.

98 MASONIC REVIEWS

MISSISSIPPI—1 935-36
How Lona Was IT?

One can find items of human interest in the Mississippi
books if there are any to be found anywhere on the Masonic
horizon. They start their Annual Communication off at `
8:30 on a Tuesday morning in February with public exer-
cises in which there are the usual welcomes and responses, with
some music; and the Grand Matron of the Order of the East-
ern Star makes a speech. We don’t know what happened in
the two hours and a half, but the book tells us that they got
under way at 11:10 a. m. After the Grand Lodge has closed,
the Grand Chapter and the Grand Council hold their An-
nuals. The Grand Commandery ` and the Grand Chapter O.
E. S. hold their Annuals in April.

DEPUTY GRAND MASTER NOT IN LINE .

In 1935, Grand Master Marshall W. Miller presided;
and his successor was Grand Master Simon Rubel, who pre-
sided in 1936. In Mississippi, the. Deputy Grand Master is
an appointive officer and does not ascend to the Grand Mas-
tership. Thus Karl Brittain, who -was prominent as officer
and worker in the Grand Commandery, was Deputy Grand
Commander last year, but at the end of the year he just
dropped out, with appreciation of.the honor conferred on ,
him.

THEY PRINTED THE ROSTER:

In 1935, somebody made the motion that the full roster
of all lodges be printed in the Proceedings, and there it is—
four hundred and fifty pages of it. It must mave cost them
thirteen or fourteen hundred dollars to print that roster. We
hope it was worth it. Certainly we next year see reports of
expenditures running several thousand dollars ahead of re-
ceipts and the usual “one of two things must happen", says
the prudent G. M.—You know the rest.

PER CAPITA TAX MusT BE SEGREGATED

The Grand Lodge of Mississippi in 1935 adopted an
amendment to its by-laws which is one of the sanest decla-
rations that we have found anywhere. It is as follows:

MISSISSIPPI 99

"From the money collected from each member, the Lodge
shall set aside and put into a separate fund an amount equal
to the Grand Lodge Dues. The money so set apart shall not
be paid out for any purpose except to pay Grand Lodge
dues.”

Really, we do not see why this is not made a part of the
fundamental law—and in every Grand Lodge. Every lodge
knows that it has to pay its per capita tax—and yet, just be-
cause the lodges lump all moneys into one account, up hops
somebody and moves to spend it to pay the interest on the
Temple debt; and the secretary, empty of intestinal forti-
tude, refuses or fails to get up and say they haven't got the
money to spend for that purpose, and it is paid to some
bondholders and then—the Grand Lodge has to wonder
where it is going to get the money to feed and clothe the
children at the Orphanage and the old dependents at the
Masonic Home. The lodge back yonder in some city spent
that money that belonged to the widow and the orphan. But
some man says, "Well, the widow and the orphan do not get
all of that; we didn't take it away from these". Let's look at
this matter. In North Carolina, we do not pay any mileage
and per diem to get the representatives to Grand Lodge. We
have to run a Grand Secretary's office, and that's about all
we do except care for our dependents and benevolences; and
nobody doubts that a Grand Secretary's office is an abso-
lute necessity to keep things from absolutely going to pot—
otherwise we might not have one—we do not run this as an
ornament, as all will agree. This Grand Secretary's office
and the other incidental expenses cost us, together with Ma-
sonic Education, about forty cents per capita. The rest of
the two dollars and a quarter goes to charities—the Orphan-
age and the Home. When a lodge takes the dues that a mem-
ber pays in, and spends it for local objects, it takes a dollar
and eighty five cents out of the mouths and off the backs
of helpless orphans and dependent aged guests whom we
have taught to look to us for succor. What can a lodge do
with that money that will justify that diversion? What can
be more important? Is a pile of stone and brick and mortar
with a mortgage covering it of more importance than the
obligation we-have to our dependents? We repeat, the Mis-

100 MASONIC REVIEWS

sissippi resolution is a good one. When a man pays his dues
his check should instantly be split into two parts—one
MUST go to Grand Lodge, and the other be credited to
the local expenditures account. When you look at things in
this light, these lodges which are behind with their Grand
Lodge Per Capita Tax take on a different aspect. They have
defaulted in their duty to the orphan and the aged. `

Must GET HELP OR CELEBRATE OUTDOORS

It was in 1936 that the human side of Masonry came
most to the forefront. Here, for instance, is old Olive Branch
Lodge. She has 38 members, and her lodge hall is in a bad
way and her centennial year is coming next year and she
wants to celebrate. She therefore sends a message to Grand
Lodge—if she does not get succor, "We will have to cele-
brate our centennial on the brow of the hill under the can-
opy of a friendly heaven bedecked with its sunshine and its
twinkling stars". So she is given permission to pass the hat
among her neighbor lodges so that she may find these more
friendly than those stars which she refers to in that letter.
We do hope she gets a Masonic Temple to celebrate in. `

CAN'T HELP DESERTED WIFE

When we get to study the Decisions of Grand Master
Simon Rubel, we find one that is a sort of a killer. A Ma-
son was expelled because he deserted his wife and three small
children. Later he hits out for Reno and gets a Nevada di-
vorce, which is probably as invalid in Mississippi as it would
be in North Carolina if it were taken to the highest courts to
be tested, in that if it is preceded by no adequate notice to
the wife whom he is divorcing and for other reasons. Any-
how, the wife is in dire circumstances and asks for Masonic
relief. It is held that she has no claim on Masonry inasmuch
as she has no kinsman who is a Mason (i. e. her husband is
expelled).

Once in a while this same old wheeze has to get into
print—‘‘When an applicant dies after his petition has been
referred to committee and before lodge action, what is to be
done?” It would seem that there would be no doubt about

MiSSISSIPPI 101

what should be done, but they keep on asking about it. You
can t vote on a dead man for the degrees.

INTERESTING FIGURES

In Mississippi, the median dues are $3.50; and of 309
lodges reporting on the matter, 211 charge fees for the degrees
of twenty dollars. The average number of members per lodge
in Mississippi is sixty one. There was a net gain in mem-
bership last year, but this year there is a relapse, and the
net loss is 167. The book tells us, however, that this would
have been turned into a net gain if all of the lodges had re-
ported. The book tells us that 221 lodges own halls and
building, "totaling $1,459.80’, which would seem to be a
typographical error. Eighty eight lodges have no real pro-
perty, and 140 lodges have halls or Temple out of debt;
while—sad to relate—81 lodges owe $390,507.00 on their
real property.

Present at the Annual Communication were Governor
Conner and Mr. Justice Etheridge of the Supreme Court.
The Governor was the Grand Orator one year earlier.

GEORGE RILEY PASSES ON

During the year one of our old friends passed on—Past
Grand Master George D. Riley, as gentle a man as one would
find. He was a past Master in speaking and story telling. He
was the minister extraordinary to New Jersey when rela-
tions between the two Grand Lodges, disrupted so long ago
that many knew nothing about it, were resumed; and that
interesting speech of his on that occasion will go down in
New Jersey history. He could tell a Negro story so well that
it was a revelation to hearers not accustomed to Southern ne-
groes at home. His drawl even had Doctor Frazer, of Queens-
Chicora College, beat, and that is a tremendous task.

ReE-JoIN M. S. A.

This Grand Lodge did a thing that because of the eter-
nal fitness of things pleases us. It rejoined the Masonic Ser-
vice Association. Back in the great flood days, the M. S. A.
and Andrew Randell raised several hundred thousand dol-
lars for relief in Mississippi, which Masonry used; and it is

102 MASONIC REVIEWS

an act of gratitude to go back to the fold; But the really

iui ada a E mcd aaa in e MN?

important matter was expressed by John Tally about it, as |

follows:

You know Holy Writ tells us that there is a scattering that tendeth
to increase, and there is‘a withholding that tendeth to poverty. And, my
brethren, we need Masonic education. We need Masonic teaching, and
my humble judgment is that in the next few years that Masonry is going
to need the cement of this grand jurisdiction being acquainted with the
others and in touch with the others, and I want you to know that you
have done no idle thing when you have resumed your rélations with
the Masonic Service Association.

The Masonry of America has learned to its sorrow.these
past five years that lesson—‘‘there is a scattering that tend-
eth to increase, and there is a withholding that tendeth to
poverty". False economy has hit us some blows harder than
those of the other extreme. It is a wise Grand Lodge which
knows what is true economy and what is false economy;
and knowing, acts accordingly. - ; :

Here is a Grand Lodge joining the ranks of Massachusetts

and New York and others, in creating one of its beloved old
men an “‘honorary Past Grand Master". We can see no reason

why it should not be commonly done, as it is in the British
Grand Lodges.

RUBEL'S FAREWELL

All good things have to come to.an end; and the Annual
Communication soon had seen its order of business emptied.

Grand Master Rubel had become Past Grand Master Rubel, |

and he got out very gracefully. Sometimes it's not éasy to be
shelved. Here is the way he closed his swan song:

I am just reminded of a thing that happened in my town, when a
negro servant walked into her mistress room one morning and said to her,
"Miss Jean, what is you doing?” She said, “Lucy, I am taking down
this double bed and putting up single beds." She says, "I wouldn't do
that if I was you, Miss Jean. I would just sleep with that man for what
he has been." (Laughter).

Fellows, I just want you to stay with me for what I have been, and
I am going to stay with you for what you are, for what you stand for;
and the things that I know and believe you stand for are the very same
things, the principles, that I am going to stand for, have always stood
for, and trust always to stand for. Lam going to thank you again from.

the heer of my heart, because whatever I have said to you has come from
my heart. s : gx

MISSOURI. . 103

MISSOURI—1935

The Annual was held on September 24 and 25, at Saint
Joseph, with Grand Master DuVal Smith in the Grand East.
The Grand Lodge meets in the Grand Master's home town,
which is, in language of Holy Writ, “no mean city", with a
population of some eighty thousand; but for the purposes
of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, St. Joseph is perhaps just
a bit too far northwest of center to be an ideal place for
the Annual Communication, because the mileage account goes
up and attendance goes down.

The Annual was graced by the presence of several Dis-
tinguished Guests, among whom were the heads of the seve-
tal Masonic bodies in Missouri, together with Elmer Strain
of Kansas and the Grand Master and the Grand Secretary
of Nebraska.

DISPENSATIONS

This book is unusual in that in it are reported by the
Grand Master only the dispensations refused; he leaves it
to the Grand Secretary, Dr. Mather, to report those granted,
which are of routine nature. All of the dispensations refused
were about matters pertaining to balloting; one lodge had
trouble with a man suspected of wholesale blackballing and
wanted a second ballot on a petition—-what was expected
to come of the encore, we know not. In another case there were
three petitions the same night; the ballot was first taken col-
lectively and later separately, and all were blackballed. Since
it was reported that an error was made, the lodge wanted
to ballot again on one of them, but the privilege was not al-
lowed, for good reasons. We were wrong in saying all were
about balloting: the last mentioned was a request from a
lodge to be permitted to join in a public procession at an
Easter Celebration of Knights Templar.

MASONIC AMERICAN LEGION POST

Then there are some decisions by Grand Master Smith.
One is like this: "Assuming that the seven members of a
lodge are present but that all of the officers except the Mas-
ter are not efficient in the work, can visitors fill the stations
of Wardens and Deacons in the opening of the lodge?" And

104 MASONIC REVIEWS

the answer is of course in the affirmative. It is decided that
a Lodge may not sponsor a Boy Scout Unit. The most space
is occupied with a question like this: “Can an American Le-
gion Post be formed, to be composed exclusively of Masons
and to use a Masonic name?" He answers in the affirmative
and then adds, “The Legion Post must do nothing which
would tend to bring disrepute to the Masonic Fraternity’’.
He points out that "the Masonic fraternity has a property
right in its nomenclature and has a just right to regulate the
use of Masonic names by members of the Fraternity and to
forbid the use of Masonic names by outsiders". He adds that
in Missouri, limitation of the use of Masonic names has con- |
sisted only of prohibition of the use of them "for commer-
cial or other business enterprises". He possibly thinks the
American Legion Post has no right as a Legion unit to set
up such a limitation to Masonic members, but he does not
pass on this; nor is he passing on the wisdom "of such a
Legion Post”; he simply says the Masonic law does not pro-
hibit it.
NEW MASONIC DIGEST

Missouri is like North Carolina: the law has suffered so
many amendments that scarcely do the lawyer-members find
themselves able to know what the Masonic law is. The
Grand Master recommends that $750.00 be made available
to the Committee on Revision of By-Laws so that it may
"annotate and bring up to date" copies for the use of the
District Deputies and Grand Lodge Officers. He would have
every District Deputy receive one copy which would be the
property of his district, and make it mandatory that his suc-
cessor receive this and sign receipt therefor, passing it on to
his successor, and so on down. The Missouri Masonic Law
requires that requests for decisions of law shall first go to
js District Deputies and then, if necessary, to the Grand

aster.

FRATERNAL CORRESPONDENT MUST PRESERVE HISTORY

Grand Master DuVal Smith recommends “‘that the Fra-
ternal Correspondent be paid $500.00 per year and further
recommends that the Fraternal Correspondent be required to

MISSOURI 105

preserve the Masonic History of this State, something which
has not been done properly for many years’. One item of
Masonic history does not escape the Grand Master, as we see
in the following:

MARK TWAIN MEMORIAL

Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain) was a Missouri Mason and be-
cause of this fact I think it proper that the Grand Lodge should erect
a suitable memorial at Hannibal, his boyhood home, in connection with
the Centennial celebration now in progress. I suggest that a resolution
be introduced for this purpose, providing for the necessary appropriation
and a committee to prepare the memorial. Sixty dollars perhaps will cover
the expense.

The net loss in membership in Missouri was 2,862 for
the year, leaving 94,363 members on the rolls. The lodges
raised 1,688 men, reinstated 1,319 and affiliated 569 who
had been out on dimit; but there were four thousand sus-
pensions and the death rate is seventeen per thousand. In
recounting figures we note that Fifty Year Veteran Buttons
were sold to the amount of $238.50; and that one man re-
ceived one at the time when he had been a Master Mason
68 years. The “Pay Roll’ amounts to $20,500— mileage
and per diem account for last year's Annual Communication.

The book gives the account of the erection of a memor-
ial to Anthony O'Sullivan, who died in 1866 after long ser-
vice as Grand Secretary and Grand Lecturer. The Tribute,
by Henry C. Chiles, recounts the fact that Anthony O'Sul-
livan was also the Fraternal Correspondent; and he tells us
some very interesting things about the duties of the Fraternal
Correspondent in the days before the Civil War, as follows:

AS FRATERNAL CORRESPONDENT

At a very early day, Grand Lodge adopted the policy of publishing
the minutes or proceedings of their communications. Copies of these were
sent by each Grand Lodge to the other Grand Lodges. These copies, when
received, would be referred to a Committee for review and report. These
Committees were called Correspondence Committees. And in the old days,
in the Grand Lodge of Missouri, the reports of these Committees were read
in Grand Lodge as other Committee reports. The adoption of these reports
was more often than not the subject of debate. It was not unusual for a
motion to be made to change, omit or reject portions of the report. The
reason these reports occupied so important a place in the minds of the
brethren was that in the early days many questions of policy, practice,
opinion and law were unsettled, and their determination was fixed by the

106 MASONIC REVIEWS

action of the Grand Lodge upon the report of its Correspondence Commit-
tee. Soon after he became Grand. Secretary, O'Sullivan became a member
of this important Committee of the Grand Lodge, and thereafter he be-
came Chairman of the Committee. It is from these Committee reports
written by Anthony O'Sullivan and printed in our proceedings that we
may come to an estimate of the mental make-up of the man and of the
extent of his wisdom and learning as a Freemason. It was from these
reports that he achieved recognition throughout the United States, as an
outstanding national figure in the Fraternity.

When in the sixties, the Grand Lodge of Missouri came into conflict
with Rob Morris and his organization. ‘The Conservators'", which was a
secret organization, whose purpose was the promulgation of a ritual of
the first three degrees, Anthony O'Sullivan, fundamentally, rested his op-
position to the movement upon the impregnable proposition that it sought
to violate the sovereignty of the Grand Lodge of Missouri,, which alone.
in Missouri had the authority ‘‘to establish and preserve a uniform mode
of work and lectures, within the ancient landmarks and customs of Ma-
sonry"

TOLERATION CONCERNING STANDARDS OF RECOGNITION

The Reviews again are prepared by Past Grand Mastet
Ray V. Denslow, and in the topical manner; the topics being
arranged alphabetically, from "Addresses" to "Veteran Ma-
sons". He begins with "A Plea for Toleration and Co-opera-
.tion’’. One of the paragraphs of this is as. follows:

Having set up our standards that all may see, we begin separating the
legitimate from the illegitimate; all those agreeing with us as legitimate,
and those disagreeing as illegitimate. Here is a jurisdiction that does not
place its Sacred Volume on the altar, but places it on the Master's pedes-
tal. Here is another jurisdiction, persecuted by a relentless enemy of ages,
which for self-protection is compelled to become interested in the politi-
cal situation to protect itself from complete disintegration. Here is a jur-
isdiction whose parenthood is somewhat obscure but which is honestly
endeavoring to practice the principles of charity and brotherhood to the
best of its ability. Here is a Grand Lodge, perfectly regular in every way,
but which is found to be working in the same territory (yet harmonious-
ly), American jurisprudence specifying that only one Grand Lodge may
occupy a territory at the same time. All these are, according to our stand-
ards, illegitimate. Over there we notice a jurisdiction which has all our
required landmarks (and then some), but its legitimacy is all that it has
to support it; it fails to practice what it preaches and stands for nothing
in the territory which it occupies. And occasionally we find some being
taken out of the legitimate and placed in the illegitimate class for some
fancied insult or so-called invasion of jurisdiction.

We think that if the technical matters found in these

cases are legal barriers to recognition, the law is sadly in need
of revision. We point out to him the fact that the Standards

MISSOURI 107

of Recognition most commonly adopted do not prescribe that
where two Grand Lodges occupy the same territory by com-
mon consent, neither of them may be recognized— but quite
the reverse. Moreover, we suppose every Grand Lodge ex-
erctses the right to interpret the application of its standards
to each particular Grand Lodge applying for recognition.
“The letter killeth but the spirit maketh alive"; and we do
not have to be slaves to anything in picking our Masonic as-
sociate Grand Lodges,

MEXICO, PARAGUAY AND So FoRTH

He then reviews in running style the Masonic world and
does it well. We are interested in his good description of
conditions in Mexico, and we add that we have given de-
tailed study to Mexican conditions of late. There are a doz-
en very good state Grand Lodges there, which do not en-
croach on American or other territory and which have a very
high standard of living. He refers to the Grand Lodge of
Colombia, but does not state which of four he refers to. He
notes that North Carolina recognizes Paraguay and notes that
there is no other reference to this Grand Lodge. If he will
look on the appropriate page of the Year Book of the United
Grand Lodge of England, which is the Mother Grand Lodge,
he will find that she recognizes both Uruguay and Paraguay.
While we do not accept the judgment of this Grand Lodge
(or of any other) as final in the face of our own investiga-
tions, yet it must be remembered that England investigates
these cases and extends recognition solely in the light of her
own investigations. She has standards of recognition which
are essentially like ours.

108 MASONIC REVIEWS

MONTANA—1935

First NATIVE BORN GRAND MASTER

The book tells us that Grand Master George W. Cra-
ven presiding, is an engineer, and is the first Grand Master of
Montana who was born in that state. He held two Special
Communications during the year—curiously enough, both
were in the town of Kalispell, and to conduct funerals. The
first was at the death of Grand Senior Warden John Ells-
worth Lewis, and the other for the funeral of Past Grand
Master Charles W. Pomeroy.

JUDGE DAY. PASSES

While the book does not tell us of it, this Grand Lodge
was saddened during the year following by the death of
Past Grand Master Edward C. Day, who was useful in all
branches of Masonry in his state and was an officer of high
rank in the Southern Supreme Council of Ancient and Ac-
cepted Scottish Rite.

AND THE EARTH SHOOK

Shortly after the Annual Communication of August 21-
22, 1935, which was held at Missoula, there began at Hele-
na a series of earthquakes which were altogether unparallelled
in this country. We have before us a pamphlet, the report
of the Secretary of Helena Lodge, No. 3, for the year end-
ing on December 3, which carries one section entitled, ‘“The
Earthquakes at Helena". We think this will be of such in-
terest to our readers that it is well to give quotations from it
verbatim, as follows:

THE EARTHQUAKES AT HELENA

The people of Helena were aroused from their sleep at about 1:30
o'clock a. m. on Saturday, October 12th, 1935, by an earthquake that
shook the city. Smaller tremors continued during the week following, and
Friday evening, at 9:47 o'clock, October 18th, came the first really severe
quake that did terrible damage. There were varying estimates of the loss,
running from $3,000,000 to $5,000,000.

Fortunately the weather was comparatively mild when the first severe
shock came, but ten days later the thermometer started downward and on
October 30th the mercury stood at eight degrees below zero. The cold
weather continued for several days and added greatly to the suffering and
to the task of those trying to care for about 500 refugees, and even of those

MONTANA 109

whose homes had been so severely shaken that they were no longer weather-
proof. After November 9th or 10th the weather was again moderate.

At 11:37 a. m., October 31st, 1935, came the second severe shock
and this added to the trials of an already stricken city. By this time the
relief agencies were very well organized and the ones needing help were
aided promptly. The low estimate of the damage of the quakes was now
$4,000,000.

The havoc among the homes and institutions of Helena was appalling.
On the east side about 200 homes were completely wrecked and about
that many more were so badly damaged that they cannot be occupied until
extensive repairs have been made.

The new $500,000 high school was damaged about 75% and th
school district has no funds with which to rebuild; in fact, the district is
bonded almost to the statutory limit. The Northern Pacific and Great
Northern Railway companies again did a magnanimous thing; side tracks
were constructed to a site just north of the new high school, north of
Helena Avenue, and railway coaches were placed there for the use of the
high school students and teachers. High school classes are now in full
swing in the "school on wheels".

Thanksgiving morning, November 28th, at 7:41 o'clock, came an-
other major quake. While these last two did not add greatly to the losses
occasioned by the earlier ones, they were severe enough to do some damage
and to keep the residents in a state of nervous tension. There have been
tremors daily since October 12th, four or five a day and sometimes more
and now the total number of quakes is about 1,200.

Of Helena's approximately 3,500 buildings of all kinds, 1,789 or
more than half, suffered damage ranging from 2!4 to 100 per cent of their
value and aggregating between $3,000,000 and $4,000,000 from the
earthquakes of Oct. 18 and 31. These figures are taken from a map,
based on actual surveys, prepared in the office of Oscar Baarson, city
engineer and ex-officio building inspector, by C. R. Anderson, principal
of the Hawthorne, and M. P. Martinson, assistant principal of the Central
school. They constitute the first nearly-complete data on the destruction
wrought here by the temblors. * * * Only damage visible from the outside
was taken into consideration, and it is admitted that many buildings show-
ing no outside effects but which suffered inside Camage are not included.

Helena Lodge, No. 3, was engaged in conferring Second Degrees when
the quake of October 18th hit. The following is taken from the minutes
of that meeting:

“At the hour of 9:40 p. m. the brethren were placed at ease, in charge
of the Senior Warden, Bro. James Robertson, while the candidates were
being re-invested, and most of the brothers stepped into the cloak room
to smoke and visit. At about 9:45 o'clock the secretary and W. Bro.
Eugene S. Sanden returned to the lodge room and saluted the Senior War-
den in regular form, and then passed to the secretary's desk where they
remained standing. The Master was assisting in placing the columns and
the Junior Warden, Bro. Rouse, was at his station in the South. Bro.
Robertson was seated in the West taking the salutations of the brothers as

110 MASONIC REVIEWS

they passed in and out. Then at 9:47 o'clock p. m. a most severe earth-
quake shook the Temple. The walls of the Temple shivered and waved
and the floor seemed to be on rollers. The chandeliers waved ro and fro.
We expected the walls to crumble, so violent was the tremor. Then the
electric lights went out and only three candles remained to give light in
the lodge room and they cast eerie shadows as they flickered. We could
hear the clock back of the secretary’s desk scraping on the wall as it swung.
When the quake subsided and we were able to move about, we found
little damage had occurred in the lodge room—and there sat Brother
Robertson at his station in the West, knees crossed and leaning back in
his chair as though earthquakes were a common occurrence and the least
of his troubles. On inquiry it was found that few of the brothers remain-
ed, they had all hastened home to their families, but the Tyler, Bro. Ward-
law, was at his post, and the candidates were in the cloak room; they
asked the Master if they should remain to finish the work. With so few
present and the lack of lights in the lodge room, nothing could be done

but close the lodge’.

But to return to the Proceedings. We learn from the book
that Grand Master Craven does not like ground floor lodge
rooms or basement lodge rooms. He let a certain lodge use
ground floor quarters temporarily, and he let another lodge
use the basement of a church for business meetings but re-
quired it to go a-visiting for degree work.

NEW GRAND REPRESENTATIVE

We find the Grand Master appointing Dr. Charles H.
Pugh, of Gastonia, to be Grand Representative of the Grand
Lodge of Montana near the Grand Lodge of North Carolina,
vice A. C. Foscue, under date of July 30, 1935. The North
Carolina book is silent as to the reasons for the change.

OFFICIAL ACTS

This Grand Lodge leaves it as the duty of the local
lodge to decide upon the physical qualifications of candidates.
It simply says that all such must be able to conform to the
ceremonies and modes of recognition. It is held that deci-
sions about such matters are decisions of fact, and as such are
not within the functions of the Grand Lodge; if the Grand
Master hands down something about them, his act is no
precedent. The Grand Master had some of the usual run of
decisions about liquor-handlers to make. One time he was
asked, "What is the standing of a Mason who runs a dance
hall and sells beer, also one who is a postmaster and runs

Mais tmi iC a i. a a diea a

MONTANA 111

a beer parlor?’’ We don’t quite get the meaning of the deci-
sion, however, for his answer is, “your actions are clearly con-
trary to the intent of the Grand Lodge".

ENDOWMENT FUND By LIFE INSURANCE

The Grand Master tells us that the manager of the Ma-.
sonic Home resigned, and at the date of the acceptance of the
resignation, his successor was appointed, and the new admin-
istration is very satisfactory. During the year, there was
erected at the Home a new Woman’s Building. The book
tells us that "Sister Josephine I. Hepner” performed ‘‘kindly
acts" for Elizabeth Winn, and that as a result of these, there
is a gift of ten thousand dollars to furnish the new building.
It is proposed to establish a large endowment fund for the
Home. The procedure is to ask each lodge in the state to
take out a policy of life insurance in a sum which it can af-
ford, on some young member of the lodge, and we seem to
find that this plan is among the parts of the report which was
adopted. It is expected to ask the lodges to handle such in-
surance as will produce an endowment of a quarter of a mil-
lion dollars in 25 years. Why would this not be a worthy
plan? Why would it not work in North Carolina?

The Grand Lodge voted to rejoin the Masonic Service
Association. But altogether it was not in a mood to change
things: a proposition to change the date of the Annual Com-
munication was lost. And it was also proposed to excuse
the lodges from paying the per capita tax on persons whose
dues are remitted because of indigence up to ten per cent, but
they talked quite a bit and then voted to indefinitely postpone
action.

HIGH TRAVEL BILL

This Grand Lodge has a membership of eighteen thou-
sand, and its bill for the mileage and per diem of attendants
upon the Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge is
more than ten thousand dollars—equivalent to a per capita
tax of fifty five cents.

We find the Grand Lodge loaning two lodges four thou-
sand dollars to get them out of financial difficulties, ‘‘first
mortgage security” being taken.

112 MASONIC REVIEWS /

NEBRASKA—1936 /

THEY HAVE No GRAND TREASURER

*

This Grand Lodge is "different" in one párticular—every

one of them has something thus "different" in one way or

another, if we but successfully look for it—in Nebraska,

there is no Grand Treasurer, nor has there been one in twenty
four years.

LODGE TRUST FUND

And in another way there seems to be another point.
We find that there is a “Lodge Trust Fund", which is used
to reimburse lodges for losses by defalcations. Delta Lodge
had a Treasurer who went short. The Fund paid the lodge
$232.74, and the officer was subjected to charges. It is in
this connection revealed that there is a blanket bond cover-
ing all Treasurers and the Grand Secretary, costing some $644
for a total coverage of $322,150.00. It is not clear just what
connection there is between the Lodge Trust Fund and the
blanket bond.

We have before us the books for 1935 and for 1936.
Grand Master Virgil R. Johnson's acts are recounted in the
former of the two, and Grand Master William C. Ramsey's

in the latter, with Grand Secretary Lewis E. Smith function-

ing efficiently in both.

EASTERN STARS HELP WITH ORPHANS

There are two institutions in Nebraska corresponding

to our Masonic institutions of North Carolina, with the dif-
ference that the Home for the Aged, at Plattsmouth, is oper-
ated exclusively by the Masons, while the Home for Children
is operated jointly by the Masons and the Eastern Stars. The
reader will understand that the status of the Eastern Stars
in Nebraska, as in the most of the states outside the South,
is unlike that of this Order in North Carolina; because in
Nebraska there are 35,000 Masons and 32,000 Eastern Stars,
while in North Carolina there are some 27,000 Masons and
five thousand Eastern Stars. In such a state as Nebraska
therefore the Eastern Stars are almost as well able to operate
an institution as the Masons.

adea ti ad a uad itl as ctt

DESERVE S RSEN

NEBRASKA 113

HURRY WORK For TRAVELER

In Nebraska, medals are given to those who have been
Masons for fifty years and also the Jordan Medal is awarded
under stated conditions. Also, the Grand Lodge has Past
Masters’ Certificates, of which 450 were issued during the
year under discussion. In this Grand Lodge a fee of ten dol-
lars is charged for a special dispensation issued by the Grand
Master to a lodge. Thus Cotner Lodge had a Fellowcraft
who “was leaving the United States in a short time", and
a dispensation was issued to it permitting it to raise him
“without regard to time". It is not revealed where he was
going, but it is inferred that it was to some country whose
Masonry is not recognized by Nebraska. In North Carolina
we should not probably be confronted with such a problem,
since our circle of recognition is much wider and more com-
prehensive, and any Fellowcraft would have to get to Russia
or to Germany or to Italy, or to some out-of-the-way place,
or else we could have the Master Mason's degree conferred on
him by courtesy.

His WIFE COULD Nor Pay His DUES

There is reported in the Grand Master's Address of 1935
a case in which a man had been suspended for nonpayment
of dues, but was still within the limit of time in which he
could be reinstated automatically (three years). His wife
sent a check to reinstate him. After receiving the check the
Secretary discovered that the brother had had a stroke and
was not expected to recover. A day or so later he died. Then
his widow told the lodge she wanted it to bury her husband,
and to pay all of the expenses of the funeral. This caused
the Secretary of the lodge to get busy. He found that the
Nebraska law reads that a suspended brother "shall pay or
cause to be paid” his dues, and so forth, to be reinstated. It
was held that this brother had been unconscious at the time
that his wife sent the check and that he could neither have
sent it nor have caused it to be sent, and therefore the law
had not been complied with and the check should not be used
and the brother was in the status of a suspended Mason at
the time of his death and his widow should not have asked

114 MASONIC REVIEWS

for either Masonic burial for her husband, nor Masonic fi-
nancial assistance with respect to his funeral.

DRivERS OF LIQUOR TRUCKS NOT ELIGIBLE

There seems to be much discussion of the relation of liq-
uor-sellers to Masonry in Nebraska. It is held that clerks,
truck drivers and others employed about the liquor business
have no status in Masonry. ` |

Here is a Grand Lodge which on the question of maimed
candidates holds that a one-eyed man is eligible while a one-

Saran an ma Mala ih dic n ia aa! El cial

armed man is not. One with a deformed left hand on which |

the fingers are little undeveloped protuberances, he being oth- :

erwise normal, is eligible, but if the hand is gone he is not

eligible.
'THE JORDAN MEDAL

In the 1936 book there is more about the Jordan Medal.
It is given to the oldest living resident. Mason in Nebraska,
to be held by him until death ànd then the Grand Master
has to find a successor to whom it is to be awarded, likewise
the oldest, and so forth.

Must PAY For CLOTHES

In this book we learn that if a lodge recommends any
person for admission to the Home for Children, the lodge
obligates itself to pay fifty dollars per year for the child's
clothing so long as such a child is a guest in the Home. We
are told that many lodges are delinquent in this respect.

In this book also we find one thing that we have been
expecting. It is recommended ‘by the Grand Master that all
who have received the fifty year badge shall be exempt from
the payment of any lodge dues. This went to those watch-
dogs of the Treasury, the Finance Committee, and this aug-
ust body disapproved it, with the approval of the Grand
Lodge.

DÉI

IF CHARGES SHOULD BE PREFERRED”

The Grand Lodge lets a man get a dimit if no charges
have been preferred. These cases of men in the liquor busi-
ness have produced several instances in which Masons took

NEBRASKA 115

dimits to head off charges. So the Grand Master recommends
that the law be so amended as to read that a man cannot get
a dimit if charges have been "or should be” preferred against
him. Well, now—that sort of gets us. Who is it against
whom charges "should be preferred? We sometimes wonder
whether the number of Masons against whom charges "should
be” preferred, is not legion;—that is, in the opinion of some
people.

CLOSE COUNTING

The Nebraska law requires that "an interval of four
weeks shall intervene between the conferring of degrees". The
Grand Master therefor holds that if one degree is conferred
on a Thursday evening, the next degree may not be conferred
on Thursday evening four weeks later.

116 MxsoNiC REVIEWS

NEV ADA—1935
Das Herp Ari THE OFFices

Here begins the summary of the domgs cf the Grand
Lodge of Nevada for the wear 1935. Presiding ss Grand
Mester George Lez Swartz. native cf Obio, seet of Fiko.
train Giscatcher for the Western Pacfic Railroad He bas
presided over the Grand Coumcl of Royal and Select Mas-
tars. icd when 1933 came around be was om a certen day
elecred Geand High Prex of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter
and cn the next dav dected Grand Commander of be Grand
Commscderd of Knights Lemola. He knows bs Nevada

XMzsces.

KSE) EAT STATE

A= it is well that Be does know them: for E is mo sme-
cure to be Grand Also of Nevads—morz gece É ome
bas to ive rwiv from Reno. Here m i scare great Br pose
ces. Ic Bas i3 zez of i handred and five thouwsimd squze
mies. with i tol DOE SECH of some mety cme thousand
souls. ce Sewer than ome persom O the square mie Hiko xw
sree 238 oles bv gute rom Ramo. which mehe be called the
Segen ee ee

is located there SS aves ee re ger
izz2 A co Les Vegas and the Boulder Dam em wher
M'usce-7 is row = i ZSounsbure sta Bar dstames
Ge sce wil che whole storv. ‘There zz few good bngiwais
I Newici s vixstxcacse but CS service from the Gramd
Msc: hore Town ID 3 greater part of hus 77 lodges m more
DI = che Zpures CET, and chs is che dry country.
sre ust Temm. beris CSS m certam pias does

eege ec

Lg of ees Ducis daibh mewspaper Bat
wc See -—e Gec Miscer wisied ill of the twenty five
e, gn EE short one fourth of the whole Masom-
CE Ss scil] and DT dome ins be umeki only
(C eu. os. Wee cad chad Cor reason Rs ios than foe plete

NEVADA 117

bis visits well. For instance. f

tells us that he used as his base of operations "the haven of
the home of our Grand Secretary Spike Henderson”. who
lives at Reno. From there he went out to lodges at Gard-
nerville. Virginia City. Silver Citv. Genoa. Eureka. Elv and
Pioche. with Reno in between. Next Monday he set out on
the return—Boulder City. Las Vegas. Goldfield. Tonopah
Fallon and Fernlev. Thus he made a sort of cre i

e
central and south Nevada. back to Reno. and could get back
tT

or the week of April 19th. he

c
home bv the U. S. +0 Highwav. to Elko. While he was
down south he looked into the situation at Caliente. 2 few

Cite.

miles north of Las Vegas. which is 2 ratlroad division ter-
minus on the Los Angeles ind Salt Lake. and to which he
gave a dispensation for a new lodge—-railroad man imong
railroad men. We stopped there for quite 2 whil
way west from the Inennial Conclave
ment of Knights Templar. We en}

ber of “clubs” which were wide open on that Sunday arter-
noon in Caliente—it d

: 1
EE ET

retary and the Grand CCFeU3TV im CHE De directed (o get Me

if l i her che cresent2tio
button and forward hat the presentation

is the law.

There is a Comm
Lodges . It has to

4c ^ 4

as On a new

largely amon ge
Š ure Mexican

crowd in Colum

U

i j GU per aS - - -— Achk P 2 dare
committee. and the conclusies Sem Uie WEAGT `
sh dd a

azonas e Acre. Brazil is recognized.

118 MASONIC. REVIEWS

No DuAL MEMBERSHIP.

There is a Committee on Dual and Plural Mémbership.
It reports that ' ‘there is some merit to such membership when

times are better and more jurisdictions adopt the plan, but .

for the present we do not believe that Nevada should under-
take Dual or Plural membership". We. have no, desire to
criticize Nevada or the committee any more than we criticize
the general body of Masonry in the United States about this
matter. 'The truth of the matter is, however, that in not a
single one of the reports which we have read, recommend-

ing that dual membership be not adopted,—and there have `

‘been a score of them—have we found any logically impres-

sive argument against dual membership nor any valid reason .:

why it should not be permitted. The present report is typical.
If I should move my residence to Nevada permanently— not a
six or eight weeks' citizenship, remember— what reason on
earth is there; why the Grand Lodge of Nevada should not
make it possible that I affiliate with a Nevada lodge without

\

——————

TUENTUR ENE EEE E

severing all relations with my mother lodge of which I have ."

been a member these twenty eight years? What possible
harm could come to Masonry in Nevada by permitting me
to be affiliated by one of its lodges while still connected with
my mother lodge back here? Nobody has ever answered this
question to our satisfaction, and we are still an unregenerate
advocate of dual membership, and. of the enactment of Grand
Lodge law permitting it, even if not a single Mason shall
avail himself of it the first year. New York has suffered no
hurt from it! and Virginia has had it, in lodges scarcely thir-
ty miles away from our very door, since the memory of man
runneth not to the contrary. They do not ever Be of any
possible argument against it.

Nor PRINTED.

The Grand Master delivered a quite impressive address
while on his visits, and the Grand Lodge Committee on Ma-
sonic Service recommends that it be printed in full in the Pro-
ceedings and also in pamphlet form. While the Grand Mas-
ter tells us synoptically what he said, we regret that this Ad-
dress was not printed as per this resolution, duly referred to

"NEVADA ` 119

the Finance Committee and by them disapproved as to expen-
diture.

THEY EXPECTED To ATTEND

On page 35 of the book before us is a resolution which
sets forth the fact that John R. Tally, Nevada’s Grand Rep-
resentative near the Grand Lodge of Mississippi, and Grand
Secretary Faucette of the same Grand Lodge, expected to at-
tend this Annual at Elko, and the further fact that Grand
Secretaries Pike of Idaho and Sam Henry Goodwin of Utah
were in fact present in the flesh, having come great distances
to be there; and that therefore each of these four is made an
Honorary Past Grand Master of this Grand Lodge. We are
told that this resolution was approved by the Jurisprudence
Committee and was duly adopted.

Nevada had a loss of only twelve this year, which is a
record for this year. The book not only contains a good
Fraternal Correspondence Report, but also in it is printed
the complete roster of Nevada.

' HENDERSON PASSES

As we go to press we note with sadness the announce-
ment in the Iowa "Grand Lodge Bulletin" of the death on
July 11, 1936, of Grand Secretary V. M. Henderson.

120 MASONIC REVIEWS

NEW HAMPSHIRE—1935
Six MEETINGS

This book, the product of the efforts of the Grand Se-
cretary, that most efficient Brother, Harry Morrison Cheney,
records the transactions of the Annual Communication, the
Semi-Annual Communication, and four District Grand Lodges
of Instruction. The Annual is held in the middle of May;
the Semi-Annual is held December 27; and the book also re-
ports a Special Communication held at Hinsdale for the pur-
pose of dedicating the hall of Golden Rule Lodge "ro Free
Masonry, to Virtue, and to Universal Benevolence, in due
and ancient form’’. The Semi-Annual and the District Grand
Lodges of Instruction seem to be devoted to the exempli-
fication of the several degrees plus a few addresses. The Grand
Master reveals the fact that the Semi-Annual has not been as
well attended as he would like it to be; and he thinks the date
should be changed to the last week in November, because
the weather is usually abominable about December 27 and
the roads difficult of negotiation; and in these latter days,
people have come to depend so much on highways, that rail-
roads into Manchester are giving such poor passenger service
that rail travel to get to the Semi-Annual would not be at
all satisfactory. Later it is revealed that a change of date
has to be made by amendment to the constitution; so a pro-
posal to amend is made, which is to be acted upon in May,
1936. If bad roads in December, 1935, caused by foul wea-
ther, would cause a change, we suspect that such a change
has been made; but we have not learned what took place.

WAR RELIEF FUND Nor USED

Grand Master Orville E. Cain tells the Grand Lodge
that there is a War Relief Fund in the hands of the Grand
Lodge which was intended to be used for relief of men who
served in the World War but is now doing nobody any
good. We find that it amounts to nineteen thousand dol-
lars. He recommends that the income from this be placed
in the Charity Fund, and it is so voted. Later he suggests
that inasmuch as the Masonic Home is too small to meet the
needs of New Hampshire Masonry, there be an assessment

NEW HAMPSHIRE 121

levied to enlarge it; and these New Hampshire men decided
that they did not want any assessment. One wonders why
it would not be feasible to use the War Relief Fund for the
Capitol outlay thus suggested. Nobody seems to have consid-
ered this to be possible. Perhaps it might be properly said
that this is a trust fund and that it cannot be diverted: but on
the other hand, more than half of the nineteen thousand
dollars is probably income accrued, just the same as what
they are going to divert henceforth to charity; and this
might as properly be used as the income from now hence-
forth, without imparing the original fund. Of course we
don't know anything about the matter at all, however.

The Grand Lodge Law of New Hampshire requires all
lodges to bond their officers responsible for funds. The
Grand Master finds that only 53 of the 81 lodges obey this
law at all. A committee is to be appointed to obtain greater
universality of enforcement of this law.

SEMI-PUBLIC AFFAIR

Grand Master Cain granted a number of routine dis-
pensations. One not so much in routine was to Rising Star
Lodge ''to decorate grave of Maj. Gen. John Sullivan". The
caption is not full enough to reveal why a dispensation was
necessary. There were several dispensations "to hold pub-
lic installation"; and one dispensation was "ro hold semi-
public installation". We are holding Grand Secretary Har-
ry Morrison Cheney responsible for the fact that book does
not inform us as to what a "semi-public" Masonic ceremony
is. We had been accustomed to look upon all such ceremon-
ies as being either public or private, with no middle ground;
but you know, our minds get to running in certain estab-
lished channels, and we find it difficult to break over and
take up a new one; so we are now going to discover what is
a "semi-public" Masonic ceremony.

OHIO GRAND LODGE ASKS RECOGNITION

The matter of recognition of Foreign Grand Lodges is
in the hands of the Jurisprudence Committee in New Hamp-
shire. This time that committee wrestles with some interest-
ing cases. For instance a certain "Most Worshipful Grand

122 MASONIC REVIEWS

Lodge of Ohio" wants to get into the family. It is rather
positively turned down. One wonders whether this. is not
a Negro organization, whose requests ought to have gone
to the Negro Grand Lodge of New Hampshire—who knows?
We have had certain cases like this under observation... Then
there is that Denmark newcomer. New -Hampshire did not
make the mistake of recognizing it. Likewise "Germany in
Exile" gets the cold shoulder, and also "Cosmos of Mexico",
and "Antioquia of Colombia". with none of which should
we pick any quarrel.. But we do say this: The day when
we should refuse recognition to worthy State Grand Lodges
in Mexico solely because we already recognize the York
Grand Lodge of Mexico, has passed. The spirit of true Ma-
sonry requires that we look well into the. merits of each
State Grand Lodge of Mexico and extend or refuse recogni-
tion to each solely on its own merits. Moreover, we have
fully investigated those cases of Mexican invasion of the
States of the U. S. A.; and we have found that in every case
the invasion was done by a body which is considered as bas-
tard by its neighbor Grand Lodges of Mexico. Years ago this
was not true, but it is now.

Present were two Distinguished GE Gaui Master

Claude L. Allen, of Massachusetts, who presented to the pre- -

siding Grand Master his Henry Price Medal; and Grand Ste-
ward Carl H. Claudy, of the District of Columbia, who pre-
sented to the Grand Lodge his lecture on “The Unknown
Mason".

Grand Secretary Cheney has a very interesting Foreign
Correspondence Report.

—— P NA

NEW JERSEY 123

NEW JERSEY—1935-36
CORNERSTONE AT HACKETTSTOWN

In New Jersey, there was no call for an Emergent Com-
munication during the entire administration of Grand Mas-
ter Francis P. Morton, ending April 18, 1935; but in the
administration of Grand Master Martin J. Dietz, ending a
year later, there were three. The first of these was held on
Saturday afternoon, June 1, 1935, at 3:45 p. m., to lay
the cornerstone of the post office then under construction
at Hackettstown. We were in the place not so long after-
ward and saw the edifice, in the county seat of Warren
County. Since this scribe is a servant of Warren Coun-
ty, North Carolina, and they are going to build us a post
office here in a few weeks, maybe, we are interested.

THE KING Dip Nor BELONG To THIS ONE

This Grand Lodge, we are told on page 46 of the 1935,
has a Committee on Foreign Correspondence which "has la-
bored long and diligently” to work out fraternal relations
with the National Grand Lodge of Denmark, and the Grand
Master thanks them ''most sincerely for their unselfish la-
bors performed in our behalf". On page 196 we find that
this Grand Lodge is listed, and that it is alleged that the
Grand Master thereof is H. R. H. Prince Harald Christian
Frederick; the Grand Secretary, H. E. Iversen, Freemasons
Hall, 33 Smallgade, Copenhagen. Now it so happens that
H. E. Iversen is Grand Secretary of a brand-new Grand
Lodge which is not patronized by the Danish Royalty at
all. In fact, it was organized because the old, honorable
Grand Lodge patronized by royalty admits only Christians
and is Christian; and some there were from various sources
who wanted to get into a brand of Masonry in Denmark
that was not Christian. The Grand Lodge of Kentucky
investigated this same organization and turned it down as
being too new and un-vouched for. The Grand Lodge of
Indiana took it on without listing the names of any officers,
and only in the list of Grand Secretaries at the back of the
book do we find what they recognized. But here in New Jer-
sey they have recognized a sort of hybrid thing—the Grand

124 MASONIC REVIEWS

Master alleged, is from the ancient and honorable body,
while the Grand Secretary is from the new, hasn’t scratched-
yet outfit. It rather looks like the joke is on New Jersey.
We do not know how they got King Christian mixed up
with Iversen’s organization. His Grand Lodge has for its
Grand Master a Bro. Carl Gunnerman. The King (H. R.
H. Prince Harald Christian Frederick) has nothing to do
with the organization whose office is at 33 Smallgade.

How THEY ARE GOING TO CELEBRATE

In New Jersey, preparations are being made for the cele-
bration of the Sesqui-Centennial of the Grand Lodge. Each
Lodge is to hold a meeting in October or November, 1936,
and use the program suggested or parts of it. “The Grand
Lodge is to hold a Special Communication on December 19th,
for suitable exercises, with a dinner "at nominal cost". Fol-
lowing the Address, there is to be music, and an address by
Past Grand Master Hubert McNeill Poteat, of Wake Forest,
North Carolina—this meeting to be “‘open to all who attend
the dinner and to other New Jersey Masons to the capacity
of the room and without cost". We have discussed with
Doctor Poteat the matter of the subject of that speech; and
it will be one to go quite a way to hear. No: there will
be no Negro dialect stories.

On Wednesday, April 15th, every lodge in New Jersey
was called on to meet in a Re-Consecration and Re-Dedica-
tion Communication. The Grand Master had a good pro-
gram to be used, and he tells us that "over 50 per cent of
our brethren answered the clarion call’’. Since he reports
on it only a week later, he does not know exactly how many
lodges responded.

Go-To-CHURCH SUNDAY

It was the same Grand Master Dietz who designated
Sunday, December 8, 1935, as "Go- To-Church Sunday". He
does not say so in so many words, but we rather surmise that
not all of his brethren went to church that day; he says
that "some of the brethren did not make the most of this
opportunity to show the public our true colors’.

NEW JERSEY 125

Present at the 1935 Annual was none other, as a Dis-
tinguished Guest, than Brother Harold G. Hoffman. Gover-
nor of New Jersey, who spoke briefly and lucidly of the
glories of New Jersey in history. Brother Hoffman is not
unknown for his later connection with the celebrated Lind-
bergh case and the execution of the "Carpenter of the Bronx”.

The usual per capita assessment for the Charity fund is
waived these years—one dollar is the amount—but the Grand
Master asks the lodges to send in ten cents in 1936: his
predecessor, 15 cents in 1935. While it would seem that this
is not a mandate of law, it is said that every lodge did send
1t ın.

In New Jersey there is a Fifty Year Button. Provision
is now made for a Twenty Five Year Button, which is to be
of silver and to be sold to lodges at cost, while the other goes
as the gift of the Grand Lodge. The report in the book sug-
gests that this Fifty Year Button is a regular Saint-Anne-de-
Beaupre affair; here is an old man who looked like he had a
foot slipping into the grave: had to be carried up the stairs.
When he got the button, he spoke an hour and more, and
thereafter he went out with much vigor and did amazing
things. Probably the button was electrified,— we like the
idea.

'The Grand Lodge of New Jersey does a thing that we
like very well. The Masonic Home is incorporated, and so at
a certain point the Annual Communication of the Grand
Lodge simply suspends its labors and there is held the An-
nual Meeting of the Corporation of the Masonic Home and
Charity Foundation. with reports and so forth. showing 173
adult guests and 61 children, cared for by the Home. The per
capita cost is $525.15, which is nearly twice as great as the
cost in our institution here.

The able Committee on Foreign Correspondence, headed
by Brother David McGregor. has a good report. Attached to
the committee is a brother who acts as translator.

The annual operating budget of the Grand Lodge is
about $41,000. Included among the items is one of one
thousand dollars for a jewel for the retiring Grand Master.

126 MASONIC REVIEWS

e

NEW MEXICO
JIM FARLEY HAD A REPRESENTATIVE

There were five Special Communications of the Grand
Lodge of New Mexico during the year—one, to install the
Grand Chaplain; two, to lay cornerstones of post offices; and
one each for a funeral and a dedication of a Lodge Hall. At.
the laying of the cornerstone of the post office at Carlsbad,
there was a letter from Secretary of the Treasury Henry Mor-
genthau, and a brother was the personal representative of
Postmaster General Farley.

GRAND SECRETARY NUMBER Two

Grand Master Reuben Perry presided at all of these Spe-
cials, and at the Annual Communication. Present and func-
tioning again was Grand Secretary Alpheus A. Keen, who
was first elected to that position in 1884, being the second
Grand Secretary that this Grand Lodge ever had—the first
served seven years. This record is doubtless, among living
Masons, absolutely unique.

WHEN Is IT A FAvor To BE SUSPENDED?

The Grand Master takes a position with respect to the
suspension of delinquent members, which is a little different
from what we are accustomed to find, as we here see:

Men in arrears in dues to a large amount frequently feel that they can-
not afford to pay, butif encouraged and urged, will find funds to pay one
year's dues at a time. If the Brother is worthy and cannot pay, his Lodge
should remit his dues. I would like to have the Brethren realize that no
Masonic Temple has ever been built, no relief furnished and nothing of
value accomplished to Masonry by the use of delinquent dues.

Itisa favor to the member to be suspended, if he will not permit his
dues to be remitted, because during the suspended period dues do not ac-
crue against him. But if the case is deserving and the Brother is not able
to pay at the time, his dues should be remitted. The hope that the Bro-
ther may be able sometime to pay and will desire to do so is not a valid
reason for refusing to remit his dues. There will be nothing to prevent his
paying when he is able. Masters and Secretaries, as well as members, should
remember their obligation to obey the laws, resolutions, and edicts of the
Grand Lodge. The records show that many who were suspended have
paid their dues and returned to membership.

NEW MEXICO 127

We think his reasoning carries a rather harsh tone. To
"suspend" a Mason means to deprive him of all of the rights
and privileges of Masonry, except the sole right of petition-
ing for, or otherwise by statute accomplishing, restoration —
and this looks like a rather harsh treatment for any one ex-
cept solely one who is unworthy or is not and cannot be made
to be, interested in Masonry enough to want to retain such
rights and privileges. If he is going to advocate such a course
as the one which he here suggests, it would be wise to create,
or make use of, a new and different term; as for instance,
"place on the inactive list". We had never thought of the
idea that “it is a favor to the member to be suspended, if he
will not permit his dues to be remitted". If Masonry is what
it should be, and a Mason is what he should be, it is utterly
impossible that suspension should be ‘‘a favor" to him.

CONSTITUENT LODGES MusT DECIDE LIQUOR CASES

New Mexico has got the simplest situation with respect
to liquor legislation, that we have found in any Grand Lodge.
We find that years ago there were on the books some laws
about liquor; but the Amendment to the U. S. Constitu-
tion was passed prohibiting its sale and so forth; and later
in the new Constitution of the Grand Lodge of New Mexico
the subject was omitted entirely and there is no law about
it in the books of this Grand Lodge at all. Perhaps this
is the only American Grand Lodge whose law is silent about
liquor. Well, the Grand Master gets the matter before the
Committee on Jurisprudence, with the result that that com-
mittee declares that it "bas always been an inherent right of
the constituent lodge to pass on the moral standards of its
members and the qualifications of its petitioners and we,
therefore, recommend that this inherent right remain with
the lodges’’; and it there remains. What fault can you find
with that philosophy?

HE RECOMMENDED Too MUCH

The Grand Master recommended that “all funds from
fees and dues belonging to the Grand Lodge be placed in
a separate account to the credit of the Grand Lodge, as and
when received, and be remitted to the Grand Secretary the

128 MASONIC REVIEWS

first of each month". Very properly, this recommendation
was turned down. It is right and proper that all funds re-
ceived by a lodge which belong to the Grand Lodge should
be set up as a separate account and that the Grand Lodge fur-
nish to the lodges account books so showing. The more we
see of lodges which take the Grand Lodge's per capita tax
and misappropriate it to pay local debts and then go to
Grand Lodge to beg off, the more convinced we are that this
procedure of separating the funds should be adopted. But
lodges aren't going to find secretaries who will care for all
of this complicated system and remit monthly, while serv-
ing for nothing but the love of it. We think that what
he recommended, as he recommended it, was impractical and
unworkable. l

It is the Grand Lecturer who tells us the details about
Lodge finances. He tells us that of the fifty five lodges,
twenty eight own their homes; the value of real estate and
buildings owned is $310,739.88, and on these there are
debts only to the extent of some twenty thousand.

MINISTERING “TO THE TUBERCULAR

New Mexico is a haven of refuge and a place of cure for
many tubercular persons from other states; and the United
States government has Fort Bayard and Fort Stanton there.
In these, the Grand Lodge has Masonic ‘work going on. There
is at Fort Bayard what is called the Sojourners’ Club, which
has a good building and a good secretary. It does innumera-
ble services for the sick men, somewhat like the Grand Lodge
of Minnesota serves the sick at Rochester.

PETITION FORM NOT BRIEF

There is adopted at this Annual Communication, and
printed in the Proceedings, the new form of petition for the
degrees in Masonry. In the petition are twenty two ques-
tions, and in the report form for the Committee of Investiga-
tion there are seventeen questions, like, "Has he ever been in-
dicted, plead guilty or been convicted of a crime?’’, and clos-
ing with the declaration by the committee that "we declare on
our Masonic honor that we have investigated the petition of

NEW MEXICO 129

Mr. Blank and find”, and so forth. Then there is a letter to be
sent to him. The last admonition to him in the letter is that
he show the letter to his family.

This Grand Lodge is able to print not only a good Fo-
reign Correspondence Report by Brother John Milne, but
also the entire roster of membership by lodges in the Pro-
ceedings.

130 MASONIC REVIEWS

NEW YORK—1935

SECOND LARGEST IN THE WORLD

We are now examining the volume of Proceedings of the
second largest Masonic Jurisdiction, speaking in terms of
membership, in the world. As of the beginning of the year,
New York’s membership was 278,238 for 1936, while the re-
port of Bro. Ossian Laing tells us that he estimates the mem-
bership of lodges under the English constitution to be 301,-
000; this being the largest jurisdiction of the whole world.
The membership in Illinois as reported in October, 1935,
was 228,469, and this would be the third largest Grand
Lodge. But in number of lodges, England far outstrips every
Grand Lodge with which it might be compared, with 4,890,
as compared with New York's 1,036 and Illinois’ 1,002.
This brings to light a most striking fact: in England, the
average lodge has a membership of 61, while in New York
the average lodge has 268 members and in Illinois it has
228 members. One has to study lodges in a state like Arkan-.
sas or Mississippi or North Carolina to find small lodges
in America. This scribe has a notion that we have too much
run to large lodges, here in America. There are too many of
our members who do not have any part in the work of the
lodge; as a consequence, they run off to other things, either
inside or outside the Masonic circle. We have the notion that
service clubs would have achieved no such prominence as they
now have in America if Masonry had functioned as it should
have. We have the further notion that the bodies attached
to Masonry would have remained small if our lodges had
proved to be a satisfying outlet for the energy and the zeal
of our Masonic membership as a whole.

DR. CADMAN'S LAST ATTENDANCE

The 154th Annual of New York, May 7, 1935, was
presided over by Grand Master R. Elliot Owens, the pro-
ceedings beginning with a prayer by the Grand Chaplain,
the Rev. and Right Worshipful S. Parkes Cadman, who
passed to the Great Beyond during the summer of 1936,
while on a trip to Plattsburgh, N. Y. Dr. Cadman was per-

NEw York 131

haps the best known clergyman in the United States at the
time of his death.

FRIDAY AND SUNDAY

Grand Master Owens followed the example of the pre-
vious year and called his brethren to observe "Go to Church
Sunday’’—only he did not confine it to Sunday, but set aside
November 2 for the Hebrew brethren and November 4 for
the Christians. He says the attendance those days surpassed
that of the year before.

No POWERS BEYOND CONFERRING DEGREES

The Grand Master tells us that during the year he raised
his own son, W. E. Owens. About a year later, the Grand
Master of North Carolina had the same experience. He is-
sued an order which we suppose to have been aimed pri-
marily at the DeMolays, the substance of which is that no
non-Masonic organization shall be permitted to exemplify
its degrees before the membership of a lodge in a lodge room,
whether the lodge be closed or not closed; and he also pro-
hibited lodges from standing as sponsors to any non-Ma-
sonic organization. He says he urges Masons as individuals
to help these groups; but he forbids Masons as Masons and
as Masonic lodges to sponsor them. It is needless to say
that this is a subject about which there is much difference
of opinion. In some Grand Lodges, as for instance Wiscon-
sin, a diametrically opposite school of thought prevails and
an officer reports on the DeMolay at the Annual Communi-
cation. The Masonic philosophy of New York is expressed
in the following statement by the Grand Master, delivered
immediately following what we have just reported:

I have had numerous requests for an opinion as to whether or not
it was proper for a Lodge to pass a resolution to the effect that the Public
Schools should teach Ethics and Morals, or a resolution to be sent to a
State Senator or Assemblyman urging support of, or opposition to, cer-
tain proposed legislation.

I have held that the powers and privileges of a Lodge are limited

to the conferring of the three degrees of Masonry and to the conduct of
its affairs according to the Constitutions, Laws, Rules and Edicts of the

Fraternity. "e
In 1926, the Judge Advocate rendered an opinion in which he
stated: "I am of opinion that a Chartered Lodge, as such, has no right

132 - MASONIC REVIEWS

or power to engage in any enterprise, for any purpose, however laudable,
not connected with the purposes of Grand Lodge and its corporate body,
The Trustees of the Masonic Hall and Asylum Fund, or expressly granted
by its Charter’.

With this opinion I am in full agreement. No resolution, no action
taken by a Lodge, no part of the minutes of a Lodge Communication,
should ever be given publicity of any kind outside the Lodge. On the
contrary, the records of Lodge Communications in their entirety should
always be kept within the precincts of the Lodge. Strict adherence to
this principle will prevent Lodges from venturing into forbidden fields.

ANNUAL CONTACT WITH SYRIA

The Grand Lodge of New York has lodges in Syria-Le-
banon. It used to have others in Finland and in Roumania;
but in each of these countries there was formed a Grand
Lodge. Grand Secretary Charles H. Johnson visited his Sy-
ria-Lebanon district and it is determined that hereafter there
shall be annual contact with them by the Grand Master or
his representative. Well, now—we think we shall get the
Grand Lodge of North Carolina to establish some lodges in
various corners of the world, and we'll be a candidate for
the job of Grand Master's Representative to them.

GRAND MASTER’S CHARITY FUND

D

The Grand Master says the constitutional amendments
recently adopted have adequately cared for the present fi-
nancial problems. The Per Capita Tax is $2.25, which is
like ours. He regrets that some cannot pay, and then de-
livers the following noble thought:

There are thousands of our members who are able and, as I believe,
willing to give of their abundance in order that the practice of Benevo-
lence and Charity may become a veritable reality in their Masonic living.
For in the final analysis, Brethren, ‘Freemasonry is a life to be lived,
not a mere formality to be perfunctorily observed; Free Masonry is a life
to be lived, not a set of empty creeds to which mere lip service is given;
Free Masonry is a life, grounded in religion, organized in morality, mel-
lowed by good fellowship, humanized in Charity and dedicated to ser-
vice".

To these thousands upon thousands of our Brethren I am throwing
out a challenge, at the same time creating the opportunity for them to
meet that challenge by establishing here and now a Grand Master's Charity
Fund, to which Brethren may make annual voluntary donations in
amounts from one dollar up. "We then, who are strong, ought to bear
the infirmities of the weak, and not to please ourselves".

NEW YORK 133

We are quite interested to know how this challenge
works out.

RECOVERY OF SPIRIT BUT Not OF FLESH

Following the alphabetical trend of the world, he finds
the letters MRY, and has them as a sort of slogan—Masonic
Recovery Year. He thinks the Recovery has been real, even
though the loss is 19,791 (and that of the following year,
14,166, or a net loss for two years only of 33,957) and
that the recovery has been spiritual with respect to Masonry
rather than material. Well, perhaps the greatest need has
been for a spiritual recovery, even before we realized that
anything was wrong. We think that for a period indetermi-
nate, the spiritual recovery, which will be a very real recov-
ery, will be accompanied by still further but reduced losses.

REAL INTEREST IN MASONRY

Indeed, the Grand Master in closing his Official Address
preparatory to going into the business of the Annual, tells
us that he has been most impressed by the "keen, the vital
interest on the part of Masons in Masonry". He then adds:

“I sometimes marvel at this. What is this something called Masonry?
Why do men love Masonry? What lure leads them to it, what spell mys-
teriously holds them to it through long years? What is that something
unique and precious, the tie mystical but mighty, unlike any other, which
all of us feel, but which none of us can analyze? What strand is it that
tugs at our hearts, taut, when so many threads are broken by the rough
ways of the world?

“Ask what it is in the wild that calls to the little wild things. What
secret, sacred things do the mountains whisper to the hillman, so silently,
yet so surely, that they can be heard above the din and clatter of the
world? What mystery does the sea tell to the sailor, the desert to the
Arab, the Arctic ice to the explorer, the stars to the astronomer?

“When we have answered these questions, mayhap we can divine the
magic Masonry.

“We sit in Lodge together, each knowing exactly what will come
next; we meet upon the level and part upon the square—old, simple,
lovable symbols—and somehow none knows how a tie is woven, light
as air, yet stronger than steel. It is very strange, very wonderful—none
knows what it is, or how or why, unless it be the cabletow of God run-
ning from heart to heart."

134 MASONIC REVIEWS
CHARITIES AND EXPENSES

There is a beautiful Masonic Home at Utica. The Home
has a Summer Camp at Round lake, where the boys and
girls are carried in June. to stay until Labor Day. We are
told that the cost per day is $2,294, which is in Hne with
similar institutions of this section but several times as much

costs $150.000.00 per vezr. and they have an item of sx
thousand dollars for Tubercular Relief on the badget. Mon-
ev runs into large figures: the taxes on the Masonic Temple
in New York City (as we should call it) are seventy theee
thousand dollars. The Grand Lodge has a lot of very good
investments. and also some that are m distress Thuas we
find an item of ten thousand dollars for “Foreclosure costs”,
and forty one thousand dollars more for “Taxes—Real Es-
tate Mortgages `.

ABOUT FOREIGN RELATIONS

By resolution. the Grand Lodge of New York establish-
es fraternal relations with five of the Grand Lodges of the
Republic of disp Leet relations are also established
with Parzguav and the Argentine Republic. Then there is
a verv interesting acccunt of the history of Mason diff-
culties in Egvpt covering some fifteen or more years. Also,
we cot 2 very brief comment on the new "Grand Lodge of

each, X. ESA MT to the effect that the Grand
Lodge of New York has for many years been in fratermal
relztions with the National Grand Lodge of Denmark: the

Grand Lodge of Denmark. A. ESA ML. was formed wih-
CEI its ost therefore the newborn child is illegitimate
anc recognition as legitimate is demied.

GRIND MUSTERS MEDAL

New York bas 2 more ambitious thought in the matter
- awards. than anv of the other Grand Lodges. It has a
ini Masters Medal for Distinguished Achievement im the
wid cf Art. The hon orez this vezar is Bro. John W. Duns-

|
tuits

NEW YORK 135

none other than Edwin Markham, who is present to receive
it and who recites his poem, "Lincoln, the Man of the Peo-
ple". His remarks preliminary to the reading are as follows:

BRO. EDWIN MARKHAM: Brethren, I am very happy to tell you
that probably the most important event in my life was when I became
a member of your ancient and honorable Order, and this undoubtedly is
the peak and summit of my happiness—to be here before you, to
receive this valuable medal and to receive these words of congratulation,
friendship and brotherhood; and may I, as a concluding word, recite
to you my Lincoln poem. (Applause). And in order that I may
be dead certain that I do not make any mistakes— (Laughter) —I intend
to take it out of my grip sack. What do I take out of my grip sack?
I take my poem.

This poem, "Lincoln, the Man of the People", is the prize poem
on Lincoln, because in 1922 the American Government at Washington,
D. C., completed the Lincoln Memorial Building in that City and the
President of the United States called upon Chief Justice Taft and the Com-
mittee to arrange for the dedication of that building; and the Chief
Justice himself afterwards told me that he and the Committee called
in all of the poems that had been written on Lincoln—three hun-
dred in number—three hundred poems have been written on Lincoln;
and after three weeks of careful examination he said that the Committee
unanimously chose my poem out of the three hundred. (Applause).

And here it is—I was asked to come to Washington to read the
poem at the dedication, and this is my second reading of it in any very
public manner.

JUSTICE SCUDDER’S PLAN

Two of the great towers of strength in New York Free-
masonry are Judge Nelson Sawyer and Judge Townsend
Scudder. Several times in the book reference is made to the
fact that Judge Sawyer is ill and cannot be present this year.
But Past Grand Master Scudder is present and takes an active
part in the deliberations of his Grand Lodge. It is necessary,
for instance, to work out a co-ordination of the factors en-
tering into the financial problems of the Grand Lodge; and
Judge Scudder is the man who introduces the resolution that
a committee of seven be set up for this purpose, to be com-
posed of men expert in such problems; two to be selected by
the Grand Master, one to be nominated by each of the six
high officers of the Grand Lodge, and the whole to work
out “a harmonious * * *co-ordinated system of Grand Lodge
budgeting and accounting, reflecting and embracing the entire

136 MASONIC REVIEWS

field of Grand Lodge activities". In 1936, this report was
duly adopted and the committee was continued for further
work.

LODGES OF RESEARCH

New York has its American Lodge of Research, which
saw the first light of Masonry just a little after the North
Carolina Lodge of Research came into existence. Grand Sec-
retary Charles H. Johnson is its Master. As the Master of
the North Carolina Lodge of Research, we extend greetings
to the lodge and its Master.

How To CHANGE YOUR NAME

The Grand Master handed down a decision that a Ma-
son may change his name and be Masonically known by
such changed name. In due time the Committee on Jurispru-
dence reported on this by Mr. Justice Scudder, as follows:

It is recommended that such change be made in a manner which shall
perpetuate the record of the name under which such Brother was made a
Mason.

It is not generally known, but none the less it is a fact, that it is
within the right of any one to change his name without going to court
or to seek any authority therefor. If you do not like your name, why,
you can change it: but you are not permitted to have several; and if you
change your name you are supposed to abide by that particular name-

Now. the purpose of this decision was to overcome the notion that
men who have changed their names—and a good many have—may not
have the registers corrected so as to set forth their new name—there being
a proper record referring to the name under which they were made.

Brother Ossian Laing, Secretary to the Committee on
Foreign Correspondence, has another very interesting report
covering a large part of the Masonic world. He has found it
difficult to get some of the figures which he would like to use
this time, but the omissions are not great.

NORTH DAKOTA 137

NORTH DAKOTA-—1935
LEWIS AND CLARKE CAMPSITE

This book is adorned with pictures taken from photo-
graphs of scenes in connection with the dedication of a mark-
er on the Lewis and Clarke Campsite. The dedication occurred
as a part of a District Meeting on May 21, 1935. It is on a
high spot in the Bad Lands, overlooking the Missouri River.
Meriwether Lewis was a Mason at the time that he and
Clarke set out on their memorable trip to the Northwest,
and William Clarke was initiated in Lewis’ Lodge in Saint
Louis shortly after their return. It is declared that probably
Lewis was the first Mason to tread upon Dakota soil.

REAL Success STORY

The presiding officer at the 1935 Annual was Grand
Master Mark Isaac Forkner, a newspaper publisher at Lang-
don. The books do give us some very interesting biographi-
cal sketches of the Grand Masters. Here is a man who by
all portents would be an obscure small town specimen. But
“WLS” tells us that he has made a success of the business
of publishing a small-town weekly: so much of a success that
he can get away from it to attend to his duties as Grand Mas-
ter, having an organization to keep his business going in his
absence, and it is a paying business. Grand Master Forkner
moreover is the youngest of a family of ten children of a
pioneer who came to Dakota to make his living when the
boy Mark was two years old. The father "succumbed to the
hardships of those pioneer days". and the boy got what a
pioneer widow mother could provide for him, which did
not include a college education. He is musically inclined, as
are his family.

Happy Days

Grand Masters in North Dakota don’t just crudely beat
on the pedestal with a gavel and then ritualistically open the
Grand Lodge. We are told that the Superintendent of Schools
of Grand Forks for twenty minutes led the members of the
Grand Lodge in community singing. After the ritualistic
opening, "America" was sung: the pledge of allegiance was

138 MASONIC REVIEWS

given as the National Flag was introduced, and a verse of
"America the Beautiful” was sung. And indeed did these
brethren feel that Tuesday morning in mid-June, that Ameri-
ca was beautiful. The year 1934 had been a disastrous one
of drought: now, conditions for the year were more favor-
able than for many years for a good crop. Spring crops were
so advanced that no weather condition could ruin them, and
in hope and security these brethren had come thankfully to
attend the Annual Communication. Little did they realize
what was to confront them twelve to fifteen months later,
giving rise to the opinion in high arcles that much of the
population of such areas should be removed to lands on
which the gamble of farmer against the elements would not
be so heavily stacked against human needs.

WHAT May A Lopce Do?

What a difference in Masonic concept there is between
the notions about it in New York, for instance, and North
Dakota! In the latter state a Chartered Lodge as such has
no right or power to engage in any enterprise * * * not con-
nected with the purposes of Grand Lodge and its corporate
body, the Trustees of Masonic Hall and Asylum Fund, or
expressly granted in its charter”. In North Dakota Grand
Master Forkner declares in his Official Address that “The
central idea in the program of your Grand Master for the
present Masonic year has been “Youth Service—Masonry's
Obligation’ ", and he adds that it has "brought much inspi-
ration to the craft". Thus do we find a line of cleavage be-
tween the philosophy of the west in education, fraternalism,
social service, and that of the east. We have heard it often
in education. They fret and champ at the bit and exclaim
that they could really do things if they were not tied down
by the "traditions" of the east. The immediate piece of ser-
vice to which reference is here made is an oratorical contest,
suggested by Grand Secretary Walter Stockwell, the subject
being. "The American Ideal in Government”. Friend Stock-
well once was an educator, and one just simply cannot live
down that sort of thing. you know. The oratorical con-
test was a great success; seven hundred young people actually
appeared on the platform in it in competition, besides those

NoRTH DAKOTA 139

who took part in preliminary contests, and countless thou-
sands who benefitted by hearing the contests.

SUMMER CAMP

North Dakota Grand Lodge has some real estate, called
"Masonic Island", in Lake Metigoshe, near Bottineau, which
is just on the International Boundary. They planned some
important meetings there, some of them being international:
but several of these had, because of rain. to be transferred to
nearby Bottineau. The area is accessible by the Great North-
ern and by automobile roads but is not near any of the
trunkline railroads. It is easily reached from Winnipeg by
auto.

MORE FACILITIES NEEDED

Then there is a Masonic Cottage at San Haven, the State
Tuberculosis Sanitarium. The sanitarium is full to capaci-
ty and there are more than a hundred persons on the waiting
list, which is just another way of saying that its power to
reach those who clamor for aid at present is paralyzed since
the hope of accomplishing permanent good for a tubercular
lies in giving him or her proper care while it is not yet too
late. There is an appeal for more facilities.

ANOTHER CAMP

That was a touching report on Camp Grassick. This
cabin was completed in 1932, in the depths of the depression,
for underprivileged children. The nurse in charge says they
have 88 children with 75 beds, and she doesn't know whe-
ther there will be money to run after July 20 or not. The
Masonic Cabin in this camp is one of several.

FAITHFUL MASON PASSES

The book tells of a testimonial to Eben George Guthrie,
a resolution suitably engrossed, being a tribute to a faithful
old servant, not now in good health. He passed away be--
fore the Proceedings were printed, and Grand Secretary Stock-
well added a note to the text to tell of his passing.

140 MASONIC REVIEWS

STOCKWELL To SCOTLAND

But it was not only George Guthrie who received a tri-
bute. "Every dog has his day, but the nights belong to the
cats". Walter Stockwell had something coming to him.
Carl Claudy was there to help fix it up right. It was the
time when Walter had rounded out forty years of service
to his Grand Lodge, twenty five years of it as Grand Se-
cretary. There were some resolutions, suitably engrossed.
"There was the presentation of a hand-made brief-case from
Reuben Bogley of Washington, D. C. Next was a plaque
from the Grand Lodge of Manitoba. Finally, Mr. Justice
Burr, of the State Supreme ‘Court, took the floor and pre-
sented to the Grand Secretary a purse of almost six hundred
dollars, with directions to attend the great meeting at Edin-
burgh, Scotland, in November, 1936, and take Mrs. Stock-
well along. It is understood that he will do so.

SOMETHING For LopGEs To Do

The Grand Master, by the Committee on Masonic Ser-
vice and Education, is reported as having had a program for
the year by months, so that each lodge would have something
before its meeting. Thus the name for the October meeting
was ‘Teacher's Night”. This was to be followed in Novem-
ber by "Grand Lodge Night”, described as "when the doings
of the Grand Lodge shall be considered". It is not made clear
why this one is picked, unless, after the Annual Communica-
tion in June, Walter Stockwell thinks he may have the Pro-
ceedings printed by the first of November. December is to
have “‘Sit-in-Lodge Night”. This is not new but has proved
successful, we are told. The first four months of the new
year are to produce "Our Obligation to the Aged", '"'Patri-
otic Night", "Past Master's Night", and "young Men's
Night”, in succession.

OHIO 14]
OHIO—1935

LODGE NAMED For THE GRAND MASTER

Grand Master Carl W. Ellenwood was the presiding of-
ficer at Akron on October 16, 1935. This Grand Master
has an honor which comes to few Grand Masters—a number
of Master Masons petitioned for a dispensation to form
themselves into a lodge under the name and style of Carl W.
Ellenwood Lodge, U. D., and it was granted. Several Grand
Lodges have laws on the books or unwritten, to the effect
that no lodge shall be named for any living person. Many
years ago a certain distinguished Mason and officer of the
great state of North Carolina was found to be a defaulter.
We hear that this had something to do with such a sentiment
in this state. Not so many years ago a distinguished Grand
Secretary of many years of service was found to be short in
his accounts by many thousands of dollars. All Masons are
human and there are some black sheep among them very
pleasingly disguised. Hence the usual avoidance of naming
lodges for living persons.

This Grand Master has the following in his Official
Address:

WRITTEN RITUAL

I hereby acknowledge receipt of the Written Ritual from Past Grand
Master Sam H. Squire.

This official Ritual was taken into several Districts during the year.
Everywhere there was an intense interest upon the part of Officers and
Brethren in examining the Ritual.

In two districts, under the leadership of the District Lecturers, con-
siderable time was spent in studying the Ritual as a means of raising the
ritualistic standards of the Officers and Brethren generally.

We in North Carolina do not have anything written out
that is secret. We think this plan is best: it was so decided
after Grand Master Dunn recommended a Ritual, if it needed

to be decided thus again.
SQUIRE No AMATEUR

The Committee on Credentials made the astounding re-
port that 615 of the 623 lodges in Ohio were represented
at the meeting at Akron; 545 of them by their Masters, and

142 MASONIC REVIEWS

only 23 by proxy only of one of the first three officers.
The Senior Grand Warden, Asa Queen, had died during the
month of February, past. Grand Master Ellenwood in his Of-
ficial Address makes mention of the appointment of certain
Grand Representatives. We note that in January he recom-
mended Most Worshipful Brother Sam H. Squire to be
Grand Representative of Minnesota—and on May 2, he re-
commended the same Brother Sam H. Squire to be Grand
Representative of the District of Columbia. On reading the
list at the back of the book, we discover that Brother Sam
H. Squire was already the Grand Representative of Massa-
chusetts near the Grand Lodge of Ohio. One would classify
this Masonic Ambassador Extraordinary as a “‘career diplo-
mat’’, as they distinguish them from amateurs in Washing-
ton.

How THE CLANDESTINES. WORKED IT

There is a clandestine Grand Lodge in Ohio. Informa-
tion is found in the book of certain men who went to the
town of Mountain Home, Arkansas, with papers from a
certain Portage Lodge, No. 110, of Akron, Ohio, and were
received in the regular, but not very alert, Mountain Home
Lodge of Arkansas; and later, one of them by the name of
Kinney had come back to Akron and visited certain regular
lodges there, showing the dues card from Mountain Home
Lodge; and he was going to dimit to a regular Ohio Lodge,
when the whole matter came to light and these men’s names
were stricken from the Arkansas rolls. That would be a
smart trick, and with isolated or rural lodges which do not
take the trouble to investigate foreign dimits, it might easily
work. We have not seen one of those "Lists of Regular
Lodges" from the Pantagraph people at Bloomington, Illi-
nois, in some years. While these were not official, they were
quite a help.

MASONIC MEMBERSHIP No POLITICAL ASSET

When we get to reading the Grand Master's Decisions,
we find the usual list of unusual things before us. In one case
it is declared that a certain lodge elected the same man as
Senior Warden and Treasurer at the same election. Could he

OHIO ` | l8

serve in both offices? The Grand Master was asked whe-
ther a Mason might own "whiskey warehouse certificates or
receipts"; and he rules that if one owns them he is going to
sell them, and therefore a Mason "making an investment in
whiskey warehouse receipts is subject to Masonic discipline".
He has comments on the acts of Shrine Temples and Grot-
to organizations having circuss on Sunday, gambling
schemes and so forth. He thinks “we ought to be patient",
but he admits that in some instances patience "bag ceased to
be a virtue". And he takes notice of endorsements of politi-
cal candidates by organizations of Masons. Our observation
is to the effect that to seek the Masonic vote is about the poor-
est political strategy that one ever beheld. The present Gov-
ernor of North Carolina is a Mason and an officer in one of
the groups of Masons, but he was not so crude as to try to
use this connection to get office. His successor will be a man
who was not so long ago Grand Orator of the Grand Lodge;
but the same may be said of him. We know of one man who
advertised his Masonic connections to get office in this state
several years ago, and he did not obtain election. Our Masons
do not respond to that sort of tactics.

WREATHS FOR HARDING AND QUEEN

The Deputy Grand Master’s report is very brief. In it he
tells of the Sunrise Service on Memorial Day at Marion,
Ohio, an annual affair formerly sponsored by the deceased
Brother Asa Queen. This year the Lodge opened at four
o'clock, a. m.; the Master Mason's degree is conferred; then
there is breakfast, and after this the brethren marched to the
cemetery and placed wreaths on the graves of Warren G.
Harding and Asa Queen. Incidentally, the world is coming
to realize that President Harding was much more sinned
against than sinning; a good man with fine personality, in
the hands of some unscrupulous men, who for a time threw a
cloud over his ability and integrity.

“MASONRY SAVED HIM FROM MISFORTUNE”

One of the impressive items in the book of the Proceed-
ings of the Grand Lodge of Ohio for 1935 is the introduc-
tion of a man who has been a Master Mason for fifty years

144 MASONIC REVIEWS

and is at this time Worshipful Master of Center Star Lodge,
No. 11, of Granville. He used to be a Professor in a Uni-
versity. He is called on for, and makes, a very excellent
speech, which is of course reminiscent in part. There is in it
one paragraph which brings to mind this writer’s own start
in Freemasonry:

When I began teaching in a great university, where I spent twenty
five years, I found my Masonic membership a most valuable help in my
relationships with men. The teacher and the preacher are beset by a great
danger. They become conscious that they know more in their own special
fields than do those with whom they associate. They are looked up to
as authorities. They learn to speak authoritatively. If they are not care-
ful, before they know it they build up a barrier between themselves and
their fellow men, and so are denied the confidence and companionship
they crave. Masonic membership saved me from this misfortune. Visiting '
Lodges in my vicinity and meeting many men as Masons, I was enabled
to know citizens of various occupations, trades and professions who, like
me, were entitled to wear the emblems of Freemasonry.

FREEMASONRY STIMULATES ASPIRATIONS

Well do we remember how we were teaching young peo-
ple and how we grew tired of the relation of knowing more
than those around us. There was a yearning—and the an-
swer to it was Freemasonry. To us Freemasonry has been a
benediction. It has expanded the horizon, deepened the fun-
damentals, broadened the contacts, rounded out the cycle of
experiences. The good Doctor was right. Then he concludes
his little address with some very pregnant thoughts in the
following paragraphs:

Closely associated with this idea of building is another great service
Freemasonry has rendered me. It has kept constantly before me the sharp
distinction between the routine work of the day which all of us must do
and the longings and aspirations of life which come to us in hours of
quiet meditation. Professor William H. Carruth, of the University of
Kansas, left for himself a bit of immortality in his oft-quoted poem,
“Each In His Own Tongue’, sometimes called ‘‘Consecration’’. One
stanza fits our thought now: :

"Like tides on a crescent sea beach
When the moon is new and thin,
Into our hearts high yearnings
Come welling and surging in;
Come from that mystic ocean
Whose rim no foot has trod—
Some of us call it longing,
And others call it God".

OHIO 145

The great majority see in the rough ashlar only a block of stone;
the sculptor sees in it a statue, destined to immortality. The great ma-
jority see on the trestle-board only drawings for the Craft; the man of
vision sees the completed Temple. The great majority are content to go
from labor to refreshment; but, between the rough ashlar and the per-
fect ashlar—between the designs on the trestleboard and the finished
Temple, there must always be those who turn aside at high twelve into

some quiet place, some holy of holies, to seek a different sort of refresh-
ment—fresh strength—

“To show the world how faith and duty,
Followed by night and day

Can make those mystic symbols blaze with beauty
Which shall not pass away".

The rough ashlar and the perfect ashlar; the designs of the master
builder and the Temple of glory; the dull routine of labor and the high
yearnings of the heart; the limitations of life and its boundless possibili-
ties—these are the contrasts which Freemasonry presents to its followers.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GooD LODGE PROGRAM

The Committee on Masonic Service and Education has
an interesting report. Among other things it has studied the
problem of programs for lodge meetings; and the committee
thus reports:

From past experience we have come to the conclusion that programs
based upon the following principles are sound, interesting, and have a per-
manent value:

(1) To translate into everyday living the Masonic lessons upon
the subject in question.

(2) To spread the participation as much as possible among a large
group of our members.

(3) To present an exhibit or display of objects or pictures to the
theme selected.

(4) To use properly selected music wherever possible.
(5) To include one historical program in each winter's series.

There is in this book the new law about suspension for
nonpayment of dues. The lodge secretary has to enter against
the record of one who has not paid his dues by the time of
the election in November (lodge election) the note, ‘‘indefi-
nitely suspended for nonpayment of dues". Later, and within
five years, the delinquent may petition in writing for restora-
tion, which petition must lie over, but is passed by a mere
majority vote. At the end of five years such man shall be

146 MASONIC REVIEWS

stricken from the membership roll of the lodge, and may be
restored only by unanimous vote.

Past Grand Earle Stewart wrote the Foreign Correspon-
dence Report, and if we had not already used so much space
we should be tempted to write of it at length. It is intelli-
gent, sympathetic, truly Masonic. He will note that our style
is not this year so cramped.

OKLAHOMA i 147

OKLAHOMA—1936

This is perhaps the only American Grand Lodge which
is the product of the consolidation of two Grand Lodges.
The Grand Lodge of Indian Territory dates back for sixty
three years; the Grand Lodge of Oklahoma Territory dates
back for forty-four years, and the Grand Lodge of the State
of Oklahoma was formed in 1907-08 from the former two.
The Annual of 1936 was held at Ponca City, a town not
listed in the Atlas of 1932 as one of the “Principal cities"
but amply able to give the Grand Lodge a good time. It is
located not so far from the Kansas State Line, and a mile or
so from the Arkansas River, which originates west of the
Royal Gorge in Colorado.

Two BROTHERS WERE GRAND MASTERS

Presiding in 1936 was Grand Master Joseph Drouot,
who came to Oklahoma to go into the milling business and
then went into oil development. He lives at Tulsa. His suc-
cessor installed at the close of the meeting is John L. Stuart,
banker and rancher of the town of Shattuck. He is a brother
to another man who was Grand Master in 1923, William E.
Stuart who was Grand Treasurer at his death in 1935. They
held their Annual on February 11-13, which was not a period
of sunshine and roses in 1936; but we do not read anything
about any of the delegates freezing to death or anything of
that sort. This is one of the Grand Lodges in which the
Deputy Grand Master starts things off and sends an escort to
find the Grand Master. Then he says it is a great pleasure
"to introduce to you our Most Worshipful Grand Master",
as if he needed any introduction after serving through the line
and having been installed a year ago and having visited every
lodge he could get to. It was ever thus!

WHAT THEY Dip AT PONCA CITY

The opening occurred at 7:30 on Tuesday evening; the
usual pleasant formalities shared the evening with the Official
Address of the Grand Master and the appointment of com-
mittees. Then next day they have a morning session for more
reports of officers; an afternoon session for committee re-

148 MASONIC REVIEWS

ports and the Necrology Report: the Memorial Service and
the Grand Orator s Address come im the evening, the election
of officers is the order of business on Thursday morning af-
ter they have gotten thimgs straight about how much mi-
leage and per diem the fellows are to get. and everybody
goes to lunch guessing who the new appointise officers are
going to be. Early im the afternoon was the tme for the
guessing to end: but we seem to observe that after they had
adopted the Order of Business providing this, they made up
their minds to speed things up. If there was am afternoon
session. we did not find it m the book. The Grand Lodge
was opened at 8:50 a. m. and seems to have been dosd be-
fore they went to lunch. And 8:30 was plenty early to opem
in the middle of February unless they were anxious to shake
the dust of Ponca City off ther shoes before the aftzrmcom
slant began to show on the sum.

Ther have been having an awful lot of suspensions m
Oklahoma: in 1927 our books show that they had 71.002
Master Masons. while in this book they have 48,056. which
means that twenty three thousand is the net loss for the
nine vears. [he Grand Master says the automatic suspension
law in effect in Oklahoma is responsible for this. It provides
that ome two years im arrears sands automatically sas-
pended His comment on this is as follows:

AUTOMATIC SCSEENSICNS

I Save mace i Gretul sudy of the reascns for cur lass af member-
amo in gax Tams. and | &rmiv believe char the automatic tere af
memes whe am it mems CÉ dues for two years is the major couse af
zur losses: idC in idditcm. zc prcvisicm is made for the smcuíraticm af
suscemsicm therestter. commen courtess demands that the suspended
mremrzer SCH ze rctfed. and the procedure for re-imstatement mm
im such actcee. The gestion is Gen thar the bother &aew that he was
Il amans. aac made ac gues: for emision cf dues Hee gan che
zement ci once mist ze uker inte conzideratcm. and m. some feet
Šat chev bave Geet just suspended after years cf prompt paying

ce Zues. Maa Lige eb char they zemmer afford cc carey i Brother whe
ts it See for DWC cec, venus ov sach action Chey have remntresd ane
Tei- 3: iles anc gad che zer opin cix in addition erer, whereas if che

ilc2mnicc siscemsicn wis act in effect the charge wcuid emam am the
Tccas. sac would ze gaid wien the brother ccuid de sc.

We have never liked zutomatic suspension laws: they pro-
claim that pavment of dues is the biggest thing that Masonry

ORLSHOMS 149

looks at as 2 condition of being worthy of membership.
What we should like is some pian whereby a man may be
saved for Masonry from suspension if he has anv interest at
all: and whereby the man who has totally lost interest mav
be put on some sort of inactive list. in the hope that he. too
may at some ume be reclaimed. We hope 2 wav may be pro-
vided to handle these men so that they will not go out with
t “kicked out sensation. if one knows whit we mean.

o Prize Fir IN Lonce Harr
They did not worry the Grand \
except about Gees in which he pointed
at that. But here comes onz lodge and asks.
"Has the Lodge got the right to allow prize
ze E gege this the Gran nd
=

was not permussibI i Ze odge I Ka

We cannot let this Review proce d
ference to Thomas Chauncey I
respondence. He is the only dx
we know. that belongs equiv
You see. he was Grand Master of -
and the Grand Lodge of Arkans
But Brother Humphrey moved
ward and they gave him the
over there. and he has become
So the Oklahoma Annual is a
Arkansas celebrations. with vari
We congratulate two Grand |
Most Worshipful Brother I
Mav he live to celebrate many more

TU ee nt
ter called on
equal to two c
twentv five

150 MASONIC REVIEWS

who is called on to aid in the "campaign"; a Brother Lee-
craft. They do not further describe or identify him, but he
makes:a good speech. He has been a very influential Odd
Fellow as well as a Mason. We quote the following from
his speech:

The membership of the Order of Odd Fellows decreased from forty-

eight thousand members in this State to sixteen thousand and they had
two Homes that they had inherited at Statehood, there having been two

grand jurisdictions with an old folks’ and children’s home in each, Indian.

Territory and Oklahoma Territory. We inherited those two Homes and
still have them. It was easier to maintain them on forty-eight thousand
members than it is now on sixteen thousand, yet they are being operated
and going on with their work on account of the endowment fund.

SHALL WE TREAD THE SAME ROAD?

We are interested in the endowment fund, of course.
But we are also much interested in the figures in the Indepen-
dent Order of Odd Fellows. This Order is, next to the Free-
masons, the oldest and the largest fraternal society in the
English-speaking world. Its plan of organization is sound.
It has had membership rolls including persons of great pro-
minence. And yet—it has, in Oklahoma, seen its member-
ship drop from forty eight thousand to sixteen thousand.
This statement gives us pause. We very naturally begin to
inquire, "Will Masonry's experience parallel this?" And
as we ask the question, we simultaneously admit our inability
to answer it. All that we can say is, that Freemasonry has
not yet seen the end of the period of losses in membership;
that, though the rate of loss is not so heavy, it is still heavy
enough to lead us to wonder whether we might not prepare
ourselves to face a similar ratio of losses before they cease
entirely.

BURIED IN TEXAS

It appears that in the Grand Lodge of Oklahoma there
is some sort of inferred duty to look after the last resting
places of those who have worn the purple of the frater-
nity, as is the case in Florida and elsewhere. The remains
of one Grand Master lie in an unmarked grave in the state
of Texas, and there is a motion to appropriate funds to re-
move them to a Masonic cemetery to be provided in the

aad

OKLAHOMA 151

state of Oklahoma. The matter is postponed in order that
the cost may be more definitely determined.

How Dip LIBAN GET IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA?

The Committee on Foreign Relations has a report on
recognitions. It makes some mistakes and in some matters
is exactly right. For instance it turns down cold the Grand
Lodge in France which was sponsored by the Mother Grand
Lodge of England, which act is of course a mistake due to
lack of information. Then the committee looks at the
Grand Orient of France in Exile and the Grand Lodge Sym-
bolic of Germany in Exile, and denies recognition to both,
just as we did. But then it flounders in deep water when
it studies conditions in Czechoslovakia. It refers to the
“Grand Orient du Liban, Prague, Czechoslovakia"—in the
1935 book again and in the 1936 book, which is of course
a mixing up of facts. "Liban" is Syria and Lebanon, which
is off yonder in the so-called Near East, and nowhere near
Czechoslovakia.

WILL ROGERS, MASON

On the night of August sixteenth, 1935, this scribe was
a guest at a banquet, and also a house-guest, at the North-
ern Conservative Club at New Castle-on-Tyne, England.
After the banquet there were numerous conferences. Finally
in the small hours one of the attendants showed us to our
room, and in doing so, remarked, ‘We have just learned that
Will Rogers flew to his death in Alaska yesterday". And
it was so. And the Oklahoma volume of Proceedings has
a memorial tribute to him, for he was an Oklahoma Mason.
After his picture, there is a very beautiful document from
which we quote; the tribute is well written, though per-
haps a bit too much inclined to eulogize a certain "rite" where
Will Rogers alone should receive the eulogy. We regret that we
have to omit much, but some selections are as follows:

Of all the splendid characters whose benevolent lives have warmed
the pages of our nation’s history, Will Rogers’ is the most unique and
extraordinary.

Sprung from an eminent family beloved for its many beneficent
works for the uplift of others; reared in the clean wholesome atmos-
phere of the primitive truth and the religion; firmly grounded in the faith

152 MASONIC REVIEWS

that clean living and straight thinking constitute sufficient armour against
any attack, which to him was almost an obsession; blessed with a vigor-
ous physique, a rugged constitution, a sparkling, scintillating intellect,
and a loving and lovable soul! he was the most splendid type of nature's
nobleman, one the world might look upon and say: "Here is a man"—
indeed, a natural, a born, Mason.

Early in his young manhood he was raised to the Sublime degree
of Master Mason.

And wherever this Torchbearer went, in all his subsequent dealings
with his fellow man, he bore the Great Lights of Masonry that cluster
about the Perfect Triangle as guides to his own exploring feet and to light
the unbeaten path for his followers.

It is intensely interesting to know what a great soul, unconscious
of its greatness, thinks of itself. He made two illuminating remarks:
On one occasion he said: ''Some day when I write my autobiography it
will show that thd little success that I have had was just because I hap-
pened to get the breaks". On another occasion, in his adopted phra-
seology, he said: “I ain't for anything; I ain't arguing for anything; I
ain't selling anything; I ain't got a remedy for anything”. But, ah, what
a remedy he did have—the greatest boon to man: the ability to make the
whole world smile.

I see him again as in his earthly Lodge: his spiritual feet diei on
the Perfect Square, body erect, his glorified eyes looking into the Eternal
and Immutable East, still unafraid, whence I hear: ‘‘Well, done, good and
faithful servant, you have fought a good fight, you have run the course,
you have kept the faith’’—and again, I think I see Will smile.

Of a truth, "it is the dead that govern—the living only obey; and
if the soul sees after death what passes on this earth and watches over those
it loves, then must its greatest happiness consist in seeing its beneficent
influences widening out from age to age like rivulets into rivers, and its
bitterest punishment in seeing its evil influences cursing and afflicting men
long after the body in which it lived has returned to dust”.

If this is true, it cannot be otherwise, then the great soul of Will
Rogers is ineffably happy.

Ah, Will, friend—brother: on earth, Ambassador of Goodwill and
Brotherly Love, now Ambassador of the liveried Courts of Heaven, fly
on, in your higher missions of the Great Architect to speed the coming
Dawn, and perhaps,—ah, perhaps, you may fly back to these discouraged
and sometimes doubting hearts of ours and smilingly whisper more abiding
Faith, a sustained Hope——yea, an assurance that we, too, at the appointed
time, may safely land our ships in the Undiscovered Country,

“And greet the friends who have flown before,
O'er the unknown sea to the unknown shore".

PENNSYLVANIA 153

PENNSYLVANIA—1935
THE CALENDAR

The Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania holds four Quarter-
ly and an "Annual Grand” as the list of its stated communi-
cations during the year. The "Annual Grand" is held on
December 27th, at which time there is the Official Address
of the Grand Master for the year. The Annual Election of
Officers is held on December 4, and the reading of the ap-
pointments made by the newly elected Grand Master is a part
of the order of business of December 27th. On that day also
is the annual installation; and therefore Saint John's Day in
December is the beginning of the new Masonic term in Penn-
sylvania.

During the year 1935, Judge Otto R. Heiligman was
again the presiding Grand Master. For a hundred years it has
been customary for Grand Masters in Pennsylvania to serve
a two-year term, and this is the year for a change; so the
new Grand Master is Most Worshipful Brother Harold N.
Rust.

HE DECLARED THE EDICT WRONG

During the year, Judge Heiligman had quite a variety of
matters to attend to. For instance, there is the case of one
"G. L. G., a Master Mason, a Past Master and present Sec-
retary’, an old man, who got crossed up with him about
Judge Heiligman’s attitude toward the Order of the Eastern
Star. A Trial Committee was appointed, and the brother
“G. L. G.” testified concerning what he had done. Here is
a part of the record as we find it in the Proceedings:

It is quite clear that a radical difference of opinion exists between
Brother G. and, the present and Past Grand Masters respecting the pro-
priety of the edict relating to the Order of the Eastern Star. And we
know of no rule or regulation in Masonic Jurisprudence which restricts,
or attempts to restrict, freedom of individual opinion upon any matter
relating to the welfare of the Fraternity. Brother G. is free to have and to
hold his own opinion. But when that opinion is opposed to an edict
duly promulgated by proper Masonic authority, he is bound by his obli-
gation as a Mason, and by his membership in the Fraternity, to respect
and to obey it, until it is changed by orderly process within the Grand
Lodge.

In his testimony (R. 77-78) and in his letters (Exhibit ‘‘J’’),
Brother G. declares that an edict commands respect and obedience, only

154 MASONIC REVIEWS

when it is right, from which it nécessarily follows that each individual
member may determine for himself which edicts are “‘right’’ and are, there-
fore, entitled to respect and obedience. In his testimony he said (R. 78):
“If they are not right nobody is undér obligation to abide by them." In
his letter of November 8, 1934, he wrote (p. A 25): “These vows or
agreements made that we obey. the Grand. Master as parties have from time
immemorial does not mean a thing more than we will obey the Grand
Master when he is right. When he is not right the vow does not hold."
It is clear that such a view on the part of a member of any society, be it
a state or a fraternity, is subversive of all law and authority.

But Brother G. did not merely entertain this opinion, but he acted
upon it in a very practical way. He wrote to members of. other Lodges
whom he believed to be affected by the edict, counselling resistance by lit-
igation in the courts, in which litigation the Grand Master would be re-
strained by injunction from enforcing the edict, and he wrote to the
Grand Master threatening such litigation.

SHOULD MASONRY HAVE COMPELLED THIS?

Somehow, we rather wish these paragraphs had not been
in the book of Masonic Proceedings; especially since the com-
mittee reports that if it were not for the age of this man, his
physical and temperamental condition and the fact that he
is a Past Master who has been a Master Mason for nearly a
half century, expulsion would have been recommended; as it
is, he is suspended from membership because of his beliefs
and utterance of them. There is much in these statements
and the fact that because of what happened he was suspend-
ed thus, which can be used at some time of excitement to
damn Masonry. They can very easily be misconstrued and
used to the ends of our enemies. One might, before the ene-
mies of Masonry, easily infer that one must in Masonry obey
what one knows to be wrong; that ‘‘proper Masonic author-
ity" is superior to conscience; that one who might exercise
in such a case his civil rights in the courts should be ex-
pelled from Masonry. We wish it had never gotten into
print, for there it can get into almost anybody’s hands and

be misconstrued before mixed audiences that may be hos-
tile.

To BUILD HOME For GIRLS AFTER FIVE YEARS

We happily proceed to other matters. Of course we study
Pennsylvania’s Masonic Homes. This is the greatest system
of Masonic eleemosynary institutions in the world. That
Mason who has never visited Elizabethtown still has a treat

PENNSYLVANIA 155

in store for him. Again we read of provision by will of a
deceased brother, for additional construction there. This time
Bro. George Harrison of Philadelphia provided in his will
that certain property be sold; that after the expiration of
five years the proceeds be used to build a Girls’ Home. Dur-
ing the year also the lodges in the nineteenth Masonic District
raised the necessary funds and bought a "combination am-
bulance and bus of the latest design".

Boys BUILT MATERNITY HOUSE

Indeed, the list of bequests and special funds of this Grand
Lodge is so long that the reports about them begin on page
111 and are concluded on page 264. In the midst of these
are some pages about the Thomas R. Rankin School for
Boys, which is a trade school. In this the boys actually
build, and also repair machinery. The book tells us that
perhaps the best project for the year was the construction of
a considerable addition to the maternity home for the bossies
who are presenting additions to the herds of cows. They
didn’t call it maternity home", but they did call it a ‘“‘mater-
nity cowbarn'', which is also a bovine lying-in place, we sup-
pose. During the year the chicken house burned, insurance
netting $5,640.27.

PHILADELPHIA HOTELS IN THE RED

We note that some of the long list of securities are in
default; as for instance there are in the Henry Krug Bequest
the bonds of two of the best hotels in Philadelphia on which
the interest has been unpaid since the winter of 1932-33.
But when one remembers that the total of all the trust funds
of this Grand Lodge is eight and a half million dollars and
its total assets are $17,673,348.89, these small items looking
sour are very small.

CANNOT SUSPEND INSANE MAN

Among the official acts of Grand Master Heiligman are
these:

"Decide that only a Master Mason in good standing in
a Subordinate Lodge in Pennsylvania be allowed to confer
degrees in a Lodge in Pennsylvania".

156 MASONIC REVIEWS

“Declared the action of Good Samaritan Lodge, No. 336,
Gettysburg, in suspending Charles E. Treibly for non-pay-
ment of dues, while mentally incapacitated, thereby being un-
able to comprehend a Lodge notice or summons, null and
void, and directed that he be restored to his former standing
and membership in said lodge".

Two MILLION DOLLAR TEMPLE SITE

Pennsylvania, like the Grand Lodge of the District of
Columbia, had aspirations for a great Masonic Temple before
the Depression, which resulted only in the acquisition of a
site. In this case, the land cost nearly two million dollars
and the taxes on it are twenty thousand dollars per year.
The Grand Master thinks something should be done about
this burden, "as the immediate possibility of erecting a new
Temple does not exist". Even thus, they are much better
off than many Masonic groups which built these great struc-
tures and now have them abundantly covered by mortgages
the immediate possibility of the payment of which does not
exist.

SOUTH CAROLINA 157

SOUTH CAROLINA—1936
GENERAL SUMMERALL

We have before us two South Carolina books. The
first of these, dated 1935, opens with the account of the
making General Charles Pelot Summerall a Mason at Sight.
This occurred at Charleston on May 3, 1934, and is of course
stale news at this time. General Summerall is President of
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, which
is located at Charleston and has some six hundred and fifty
students. The General has things pretty much his own way.
It is of record that some members of the General Assembly
of South Carolina during the term of Governor Blackwood
set out to cut off the appropriation because of the horrible
depression and to do other sundry things. It appears that
the General told the whole General Assembly to go to any
place they might imagine and take The Citadel with them—
and he got away with it and got his appropriation and the
other things. In 1936 the General is being used by the
Grand Lodge for another purpose, as we shall see later.

BRYAN AND BLACKWOOD

In 1936, the presiding officer was none other than Jo-
seph E. Hart, who succeeded his brother Frank in that high
post; Frank being restored to his old job as Grand Secretary.
In his official address he is calied upon to record the passing
of Past Grand Masters George T. Bryan and Ibra C. Black-
wood. The former had received about all of the honors that
South Carolina Masonry could hand to him. The latter
had the distinction of serving as Governor of his state at the
same time that he was Grand Master of his Grand Lodge,
and survived only a little more than a year after he left the
Governor's office.

JOE’S DECISIONS

Grand Master Joe Hart had a couple of decisions to hand
down, somewhat as follows, among a lot of others:

4. 'The Secretary of Port Royal Lodge, No. 242, asked my ruling on
the following: Is it permissible, proper and in keeping with the teachings,
rules and regulations of the Grand Lodge of South Carolina for a sub-
ordinate Lodge to present a candidate on the night he is raised with a
pin to be worn in the lapel of the coat?

158 MASONIC REVIEWS

I ruled: It is permissible, proper and in keeping with the teaching,
rules and regulations of the Grand Lodge of South Carolina for a subor-
dinate Lodge to make such a presentation. The question of whether the
Brother receiving the pin shall afterwards. wear it is a matter for the indi-
vidual Brother to decide. His Lodge cannot require him to do so.

5. The Worshipful Master of Rock Hill Lodge, No. 111, asked my
ruling on the following: Mr. S. applied to our Lodge for the degrees and
same was referred to a committee. The committee reported that Mr. S.
had lost the little finger on his left hand, the next. finger was cut off at
the first joint from the hand, and the middle finger was cut off at the .
second joint from the hand. Should we ballot on this petition or should
we return it to Mr. S.? ^

I ruled: If, after complete investigation, you decide that the loss of
these fingers from his left hand will not prevent Mr. S. from complying
literally with all requirements as to initiation ceremonies without ar-
tificial aid or friendly assistance, then he will be physically qualified to be-
come a Mason. See Article 111 of the Constitution and Section 100 of
the Code. Each case of this kind must be decided on its own merits and
no general rule other than the law as stated above can be made. If you
are satisfied that he can comply with the requirements as set forth in the
law, then you should act on his petition.

LoDGE WITH No MEMBERS

There is nothing to be added to either of these. But he
then considered the case of Windsor Lodge, No. 305, which
had paid no dues nor made returns for 1933 or thereafter;
nor had any member thereof paid any dues since 1932. What
was the status of the lodge, and what was the status of all of
these members? He passed out a sort of funny decision. He
held that the charter of the lodge was forfeited as of the close
of Grand Lodge in 1935; but then he next held that every
member stood suspended from membership therein as of De-
cember 31, 1934. "That is, he held that here was a lodge in
good standing until March 14, 1935, although he also ruled
that it did not have a single member from Jan. 1 of that year
until March 14. He said he had tried to arrive at other
conclusions but had not been able to do so. But when his
Jurisprudence Committee came to look at that lodge with
not a single member, they did not see eye to eye with him:
they ruled that the lodge did not lose its charter until the
Grand Lodge actually took it away from the lodge; and fur-
thermore, that under the South Carolina constitution, the of-
ficers must hold their places and stations until their succes-

SOUTH CAROLINA 159

sors are elected and installed, and cannot be suspended before
that time for. nonpayment of dues: they are still members.

SAYS MASTER Must Not GET Out Oz His CHAIR

Then there was the case of Bailey Lodge. In this, a mo-
tion was made and nobody would second it. The Master
wanted it seconded. The question asked is, Could the Master
get out of his chair long enough to get down and second the
motion, calling somebody else to take his place? Grand
Master Hart reads the article in the Constitution which says,
“The Master shall preside at all times when present"; and
holds that he cannot get down to the floor to second a motion
or do anything like that. But he also holds that he can,
while presiding, make a motion or second one, but adds,
“This right is rarely if ever used". Of course the Jurispru-
dence Committee overrules him and says the Master can get
out of chair and call another to it if and when he pleases; but
he does not relinquish while in the hall his powers as Mas-
ter—namely, to get back in that chair as soon as he desires.

HALF OF THE REVENUE To PAY MILEAGE

South Carolina is one of those Grand Lodges which pay
high mileage and per diem to representatives of lodges; ten
cents per mile and five dollars per day. It came to the point
where half of the revenue of the Grand Lodge went into mil-
eage and per diem. So they cut it down to seven cents per
mile (one way, of course) and five dollars, which is just
that much more than North Carolina pays to representatives
of its lodges.

Two HUNDRED YEARS OLD

This Grand Lodge is going to celebrate its two hundredth
anniversary at Charleston on April 7, 1937. Six thousand
dollars is the amount of cost set. We find General Summer-
all making the report for the Committee on Arrangements.
The date is arbitrarily set, since the existence of a Grand
Lodge in South Carolina in the year 1737 appears to be sub-
stantiated by reports of Masonic activity in the vicinity of
Charleston in the paper called “The South Carolina Ga-
zette,” and that sheet on December 27th, 1737, tells of

160 MASONIC REVIEWS

things going on in Grand Lodge which suggests the exist-
ence of that Grand Lodge for at least some months before
that date.

A. G. MACKEY MEDAL

South Carolina has followed the example of Massachu-
setts, et als, and instituted a medal with which to honor those
whom the Grand Master picks out for distinction. The South
Carolina medal is known as the Albert Gallatin Mackay me-
dal.

MasoNIC Bopres Dip NoT PAY RENT

The Masonic Temple at Columbia is the property of the
Grand Lodge. It has some commercial.space, and the Colum-
bia lodges rent quarters in it. One of the chain stores is of-
fering to lease space in it provided the necessary changes are
made. Itappears that the Chapter, Council and Commandery
are the poorest renters of space: they owe several years' rent
and do not seem to be paying much on the two thousand dol-
lars they owe.

The reviewer for South Carolina is the Rev. Henry Col-
lins, succeeding the late Bro. George T. Harmon. He is do-
ing a good job of it.

‘TENNESSEE 161

TENNESSEE—1935

This book is very old, but we do not seem to possess a
newer one from the great state of Tennessee.

THE BISHOP SENT THE GRAND MASTER To KENTUCKY

Presiding at the One Hundred and Twenty First Annu-
al was Grand Master Alfred Wells Lassiter, a minister of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, South, Memphis Conference.
He tells us that in accordance with the law of his church the
presiding bishop and his cabinet moved him out of the State
of ‘Tennessee in the tenth month of his official year as Grand
Master. Thus we find the Grand Master of Tennessee becom-
ing and being as he presides, a resident of the city of Paducah,
Kentucky, where he was warmly received.

The Grand Lodge of Tennessee was sorely struck by the
hand of death. During Grand Master Lassiter’s year, Depu-
ty Grand Master William A. Walker died; and just a day or
two after he had delivered the office to his successor, the Sen-
ior Grand Warden elect, George T. Wofford, who was not
present to be installed, succumbed to a heart attack. Thus
N. M. Rutland, who was elected Junior Grand Warden from
the floor, becomes in 1937 Deputy Grand Master.

GOING To Buy THE SCOTTISH RITE TEMPLE

The Grand Lodge is meeting in the Scottish Rite Tem-
ple. At this Annual, there is passed a long series of resolu-
tions providing that whereas it seems imminent that this
Scottish Rite Temple must go under the hammer, the proper
authorities of the Grand Lodge shall buy the Scottish Rite
Temple in the name of the Grand Lodge of Tennessee.

STORY OF Two PREACHERS

The Grand Master tells of a number of visitations
throughout the state, in spite of what must have been for him
a very busy year. He tells of the day when he visited King
Lodge, No. 162, and says that it turned out to be an interstate
affair. He forgets to say that King Lodge is at Bristol, the
town in which there is a white line in the middle of State
Street, and as you go west on this street you are in Virginia
but if you turn around and come east, you are in Tennessee.

162 l MASONIC REVIEWS

So King Lodge invited Shelby Lodge, which is on the North
side of State Street and therefore in Virginia, to join with it.
They then agreed to have the meeting in the Virginia (Shel-
by) Masonic Temple, and invited the Virginia Masonic au-
thorities to help put on a big one. They had some 150 Ma-
sons there from a long list of states and from 35 lodges.
Grand Master Hooper of Virginia was there; so they must
have had a rare time with those two preachers to harangue
them. Bristol is two cities, with two Mayors and two school
systems and all of that—one North of the middle of State
Street and the other South of that white line in the middle of
the street. The Grand Master admits that the Virginia Ma-
sons "are quite like Tennesseans’’—but their Masonic ritual
is not like that of Tennessee, unless the Tennessee ritual has
degenerated quite a bit since we North Carolinians gave the
Grand Lodge of Tennessee their charter.

Dip NoT CHANGE THE LIQUOR LAW

Grand Master Lassiter made several recommendations,
but the net result of them is not any significant change in the
existing order of things. He recommended that the law about
liquor be made more than drastic—said he recommended that
it be "made clear". What he recommended would have been
quite sweeping if it had passed—a bondsman for a liquor li-.
censee, for instance, would have been subject to charges, or
one renting property for the liquor industry. North Carolina
is perhaps like Tennessee in respect to its attitude toward
liquor; some sections of the State are quite wet; while other
sections are definitely classified in the dry column.

VIRGINIA 163

VIRGINIA—1 936

The Grand Master presiding is the Reverend Dr. Thom-
as W. Hooper, who succeeded Dr. William Moseley Brown
in 1935. It is interesting to note that at the Annual Com-
munication, with Dr. Hooper presiding, Dr. Brown is listed
as Grand Junior Steward. Evidently there is a defective piece
of proofreading, for in the list of Grand Officers, Vernon
Eddy of Winchester is listed as Grand Senior Warden and
lower down in the list the late Robert D. Ford is also listed
as Grand Senior Warden, whereas we are sure that he ought
to be Grand Senior Deacon. In Virginia the official line
begins with the Grand Junior Deacon, and it is the privilege
of the Grand Master after election to nominate a Grand Jun-
ior Deacon. Always there must be at least one other nominee.
Usually the Grand Master’s nominee is elected. We remember
that Grand Master Brown nominated Brother Ford, who
has since died. 8

WILLIAM LEE Davis Got HIM TOLD

Doctor Hooper tells us of several occasions on which he
spoke or officiated in a combined Masonic and clerical capa-
city—more or less one or the other. For instance, on one oc-
casion a hundred or so brethren and their ladies went over to
Culpeper to hear him preach. On four successive evenings in
the last week of October he preached to the children at the
Masonic Home at Highland Springs. In December he officia-
ted at a marriage at the Home. The good Doctor brags that
in spite of his Masonic activities he had more additions to his
church than in any other year of his ministry. And William
Lee Davis, who is always ready to talk back, replied that per-
haps the great prosperity of the church was because of this
absence and not in spite of it.

TWENTY FIVE DOLLARS PER RAISING

The Grand Master takes a whack at certain delinquent
lodges which we think well worth passing on. Here it is:

Some Lodges have a lurking idea that Grand Lodge will remit ar-
rearages, and some even say that Grand Lodge should do this. At its meet-
ing last year Grand Lodge did what it could to disabuse all minds of such
notions, making it a fixed principle that such arrearages will not be re-
mitted, except in the case of consolidation of Lodges.

164 MASONIC REVIEWS

Some Lodges complain about the present system of charging a Lodge
$25 for each Mason raised, forgetting how much Lodges are saved by
the reduction of Grand Lodge dues-that goes with that system. While the
large majority of Lodges have been reaping a financial benefit from this
system, Grand Lodge has been suffering and cannot afford to remit ar-
rearages. Let us never get the idea that Grand Lodge is a rich old uncle
who can easily give money to the Lodges.

ON USING PER CAPITA TAX MONEY FOR TEMPLES

We have the same condition in North Carolina. Some
lodges which have taken the money which was collected from
the brethren to be used to pay their per capita tax to the
Grand Lodge, and used it to pay local debts on Temples and
the like, have then come up and told the Grand Lodge quite
frankly that the Grand Lodge must remit their indebtedness
to it. This has gotten to be a sore spot. Some lodges which
have built the biggest Temples have continued to owe the
Grand Lodge the biggest debts. Since two dollars of the two
and a half of per capita tax in North Carolina goes to the Or-
phanage and the Old People's Home these lodges virtually
are seeking to make the Masonic and Eastern Star Home and
the Orphanage pay for their big temples. There is no other
way to analyze the situation. Others have had profligate and
dishonest secretaries or other officers, who have caused them
to get into debt or dissipated their savings; and these have
in turn sometimes sought to get their debts to the Grand
Lodge remitted—in other words, to make the orphans and
the old folks pay the bill. We here say what we have said be-
fore: every lodge is entrusted with the duty of collecting the
per capita tax for the Grand Lodge to use in supporting these
charities, and when it is collected, the funds ought to be for-
ever separated. It is not right for the Masonic orphan and
widows to be asked to pay for local undertakings and un-
balanced budgets.

WHAT ABOUT THE DUES OF A BANKRUPT?

The Grand Master didn’t like the business of handing
down decisions—called it ‘‘rather trying’’. One decision is
to the effect that when a certain high school sponsored a
"stunt night", no Masonic lodge may participate in such
"stunt nights". Another is called for by the fact that a cer-
tain lodge owes an insurance company some money and the

VIRGINIA 165

president of the company thinks the Grand Master "should
make the lodge settle with the company". He holds that
the Grand Lodge of Virginia is not a collecting: agency for
any insurance company. In another case there is a certain
brother who has filed a petition in bankruptcy and has been
discharged in bankrupt court, which fact cancels all of his
debts. The Grand Master is asked whether this cancels his
debt to his lodge for dues. Legally, the bankruptcy pro-
ceedings cancel all of his debts if listed, as we understand it.
But the good minister decided that Lodge Dues are not a le-
gal debt but a moral obligation and that no legal decision can
cancel this moral obligation. Well, this may be true, but pre-
haps the relation between himself and his lodge which would
be severed by suspension for nonpayment of dues might get
this whole theory into hot water. Lodge membership might
be construed to have some status as a legal right of which he
would be deprived by suspension because of an unsatisfied
dues obligation; no matter whether moral or legal.

Under the head of "Dispensations", the Grand Master
reports that he refused to grant the request of Manchester
Lodge to be allowed to lay the cornerstone of a ‘‘marker’’,
because it would not be an occasion of sufficient "importance
and dignity". When he gets into recommending, he recom-
mends that the date of the annual communication of the
Grand Lodge be changed from February to April; and sets
forth his reasons, which do not seem to have registered with
Grand Lodge, for the 1937 Annual is to be held again in

February.
SEVENTEEN THOUSAND FOR OLD HOUSE

Virginia is strong on the preservation of its antiquities.
Witness the action of the Grand Lodge in voting to care for
the Old Masons’ Hall in Richmond, which is the home of
Richmond Randolph Lodge, No. 19. It is found that it will
require seventeen thousand dollars to preserve and restore the
old building. It is voted without serious objection that this
be done and that the per capita tax be raised twenty-five
cents to retire the indebtedness of the Grand Lodge, includ-
ing this. Now the old Masonic Hall at Halifax, North Caro-
lina, is older than the Richmond Randolph Lodge Hall; and

166 MASONIC REVIEWS

it ought by all means to be preserved; but we have dillydal-
lied with this and done next to nothing until the old struc-
ture is going to the dogs, we are advised.

BARRETT MEMORIAL INFIRMARY

One of the outstanding items of the year’s Masonic re-
cord in Virginia is the construction of the Barrett Memorial
Infirmary at the Masonic Home, the gift of Brother Robert
S. Barrett and wife, of Alexandria, in memory of their son
who died in infancy. There was a special communication of
the Grand Lodge to lay the cornerstone, and one afternoon,
Wednesday, of the Grand Lodge session is set apart for the
dedicatory exercises.

INSURANCE POLICIES FoR THE ENDOWMENT

The Grand Lodge is endeavoring to build up an endow-
ment for the Masonic Home of Virginia. One interesting
means of raising endowment is that of asking the several
lodges to take out insurance policies on some member, usual-
ly a young one, payable to the Home, and to continue to pay
the premium on it as their bit toward the endowment. They
seem to have secured about fifty thousand dollars of these
policies already.

MISTAKE ABOUT DENMARK

We get one laugh out of this and the 1935 book, and
we have finished. In 1935, on recommendation of the Com-
mittee on Foreign Correspondence, on which are our good
friends Clift, Barrett Winfree and Fenno Heath, recognition
was extended to the Grand Lodge of Denmark. The com-
mittee in recommending this action states that “This is the
only Grand Lodge in Denmark. It was established Novem-
ber 15, 1931, by the representatives of the fifteen regular con-
stituted lodges in Denmark * * * * * It has been recognized
by the Grand Lodge of England and several Grand Lodges
in the United States, including Massachusetts and New
York". And so the Grand Lodge of Virginia was fooled in-
to recognizing that Grand Lodge of Denmark which was
organized in 1931 by some people who did not like the way
the old Grand Lodge of Denmark, established a hundred and `

VIRGINIA 167

fifty years ago, was doing things as a purely Christian group.

But the story does not stop here. All of this recognition
is set forth on page 123 of the 1935 Proceedings. The fun-
ny thing is yet to come. Some time after this happened, the
Grand Secretary found that he had the wrong crowd, just
as did some others in these United States; so, without mak-
ing any fuss about it, he just forgot all about the ‘established
in 1931", and in listing the names of the Grand Lodges
recognized by Virginia, he simply put in the Grand Secretary
of the old Grand Lodge of a hundred and fifty years’ dignity.
whose Grand Master is the King, and—it works! Now we
have to tell the other side of the story. The Grand Lodge
of North Carolina recognized the right Grand Lodge of Den-
mark years ago, before there was any other. Now it appears
that last year the Grand Secretary erroneously put in the ad-
dress of the Grand Secretary of the wrong Grand Lodge in
his list! Now just watch the correction next time.

168 ` MASONIC REVIEWS

WISCONSIN—1935

WHo May UsE A LODGE Room?

This is the ninety-first Annual of the Grand Lodge of
Wisconsin, and is presided over by Grand Master Oscar L.
Dean. He reports that one of his first acts was the appoint-
ment of Frank Jenks as Foreign Correspondent in the place
of his distinguished father, Aldro Jenks, deceased. When he
goes further into the report of his official acts, we find him
declining ‘‘to issue dispensations permitting the use of Lodge
rooms to several organizations in which Masonic affiliation
or connection is requisite"; but he permitted one lodge room
to be used by Job's Daughters; another by the Odd Fellows:
another by about all the fraternal societies in town and the
Seventh Day Adventists. We of course do not know what is
back of all of this.

OFFICIAL ACTS

We note that a certain lodge asked him to "make a Ma-
son at sight", and that he refused to do so. One wonders
why they could and did not make him a Mason in the usual
way. When he got down to the "decisions", we find a re-
port of one to the effect that a petition for the degrees may
not be received from a candidate who possesses a glass eye .
but "is apparently in good physical petition otherwise". It
is not stated why the glass eye would prevent him from exe-
cuting all things in the ritual, so we infer that the doctrine
of the perfect youth is in full force and effect. Also he turns
to the status of those connected with the manufacture, distri-
bution and sale of liquor; and he holds that a person em-
ployed by a brewery as a truck driver is not a proper peti-
tioner for the degrees. In another case a member of a lodge
"embezzled the sum of $700"; and was told that his only
way to prevent prosecution was to pay over seven hundred
dollars. His lodge asks the Grand Master whether it can lend
him this amount and take his note. He answers with an em-
phatic "No": and he further adds that they may not consider
this as a charity case, either. It appears that in Wisconsin the
Masonic law is very strict about what a lodge can do with
its money. One lodge wants to donate a hundred dollars to
"a purely Masonic local band to which other Masonic bodies

WISCONSIN 169

donated a like amount" ; and again his answer is in that same
word of two letters. In recommending that there be adopted
legislation restricting Masonic Temple projects to those ap-
proved by the Grand Master presiding, he adds that ‘‘with-
out exception, every investigated case of delinquent per capita
showed the cause to be a building debt which in some cases
is crushing the very life of the lodge. * * *the need was
not acute but was prompted solely by the desire for a more
pretentious home".

The Grand Master reports that “the depression complex
has been thrown oft": which is doubtless true; but unfor-
tunately it takes several years for such a change to be reflec-
ted in the raw membership figures; for here is a net loss in
membership for the year of 2,055.

COMMITTEE REVERSED

The Committee on Appeals and Grievances seems to have
had its hands full. It had fourteen cases to study. One of
these was from McKinley Lodge, No. 307, and there were
some seventy five men tried on the charge of remaining exclu-
ded for two years. The committee found that the summons
in these cases was technically defective and holds that the
judgment and sentence of indefinite suspension is of no effect.
But the Grand Lodge did not see eye to eye with its distin-
guished committee, and voted to uphold the acts of the trial
commission and let these seventy-five be and remain sus-
pended. In a case from Henry L. Palmer Lodge, No. 301,
another Milwaukee lodge with about twelve hundred mem-
bers, one À. L. K. was charged with unmasonic conduct,
tried, convicted and sentenced to indefinite suspension. The
committee found that the form of summon sent to the ac-
cused was a bit more informal than the one specified in the
Trial Code, and holds that because it did not strictly con-
form thereto, it was "no summons” and so forth and that
the whole proceedings should be reversed. But the Grand
Lodge was apparently in no mood to require a lodge to be
a stickler, nor a trial commission either, for minute details;
so it is voted to throw out the recommendation of its com-
mittee and to declare that the ends of justice had substantial-

ly been met.

170 MASONIC REVIEWS ;

.It is resolved to fix the per capita tax for the maintenance
of the Masonic Home.at ninety cents; and that the per capita
tax for the Charity Fund be twenty. cents additional.

It is resolved to meet in the city of Madison next time.:

We are captivated by Reviewer Frank Jenks' document
in this book. It is fine. Wisconsin will continue to sit at
the top of the Reviewers’ Table. tà

WYOMING 171

WYOMING-—1936
SHERIDAN MEETING

Grand Master W. J. Hagans presided over the SiXty sec-
ond Annual Communication in the city of Sheridan. In
case you do not know about Sheridan, it is a good town just
fifteen miles from the Montana border; population, about
nine thousand; located a little northeast of the Big Horn Ba-
sin and the Big Horn Forest. It cost the Grand Lodge quite
a penny to meet there; for those fellows draw ten cents per
mile, and as many as three representatives from one lodge
can draw it. It's 479 miles from Kemmerer to Sheridan;
354 from Cheyenne; 504 from Evanston, and so on.

FEES FOR DISPENSATION

'This Grand Lodge instructs its Grand Master to collect a
fee for certain sorts of dispensations. Greybull Lodge sought
permission to move into their new hall. It cost them five
dollars to be permitted to move. Absorokee Lodge asked to
be allowed to hold a special meeting in the High School
building to entertain the Big Horn Basin Masters’ Club. The
Grand Master was glad to have them thus promote the cause
of Freemasonry in the basin, but he stuck them for five dol-
lars before he would give them permission to do it. Big Pi-
ney Lodge paid five bucks for a dispensation ''to install their
Junior Deacon’’; that's all the book says. Jackson Lodge
shelled out five dollars to get permission "to change their
election to December 9th". But it did not cost lodges any-
thing to get permission to go to church. l

COULD NoT CONTRIBUTE To HOSPITAL

Here is another Grand Lodge which by law restricts the
uses which a lodge may make of its money. Greybull Lodge
wanted to contribute $175.00 to furnish a room in a local
hospital. The Grand Master forbids this because the room
would be used by the public just like any other room. Of
course we in North Carolina do not know anything about
such prohibitory and restraining legislation about that money
that a lodge owns. We hold that aside from what the lodge
owes to the Grand Lodge, its money is its own and it can

172 MASONIC REVIEWS

rely on the good judgment of its members as true Masons
to determine what it shall do with that money.

UNABLE To Go To WASHINGTON

The Grand Master was the victim of a spell of sickness
during his official year. He was invited to speak to the Con-
ference of Grand Masters at Washington in February on the
subject, "How May Masters of Lodges be Trained in Ad-
vance?” We are sorry that we did not hear that speech; but
he was too sick to go to Washington and make it. Later,
He also lets it out that his Grand Lodge has made no provi-
sion for him to attend:

Must Dag To UsE LODGE ROOMS

When he comes to make the customary “‘recommenda-
tions" such as all Grand Masters make, one of his four is `
that the use of lodge rooms by other organizations than
lodges be prohibited ‘‘unless they, pay sufficient compensation
to cover the expense necessary for holding their meetings".
But it seems that via the route of approved decisions this is
already in the law: it is not well enforced and his idea is to
emphasize it.

MUCH ACTIVITY

He almost was able to report a net gain in membership.
There was much activity; the Cheyenne lodges alone raised
41 members, but Old Man Suspension countered all of this
and it was necessary for the Grand Secretary to report a net
loss of 78. Maybe next time the loss and gain line will be
crossed and they will get out of the red.

PAST GRAND MASTER FOR FIFTY-EIGHT YEARS

In the Necrology report is the record of the passing in
1935 of the second Grand Master that the Grand Lodge of
Wyoming ever had, Frederick E. Addoms, born in 1844 and
Grand Master in 1876-77. He died at Los Angeles, Califor-
nia, being then the oldest Past Grand Master in the United
States, according to his biographer; and doubtless this is cor-
rect. It is not often that a man lives fifty-nine years after be-
ing installed as Grand Master.

WYOMING 173

INTERIOR DECORATION

Brother Joe M. Lowndes is the Foreign Correspondent.
They not only let him use enough space to print a good re-
port, but also put in a tail piece to his report in two colors,
being the flag of his state and some poetry beginning, "In this
great State of Wyoming" ——. It's all very good.

PAR T TW oO

Masonry in Foreign Countries

Western Australia
Canada in Ontario
The United Grand Lodge of England
Recognition of Foreign Grand Lodges

Freemasonry in Mexico—

Grand Lodge of Cosmos of Chihuahua

Grand Lodge of the Territory of Baja, California

The Grand Lodge of the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico

The Grand Lodge "Unida Mexicana” of Vera Cruz, Mexico
The Grand Lodge of the State of Chiapas, of Mexico

Concluding Remarks

WESTERN AUSTRALIA—1936

Western Australia is the largest of the great states of the
Dominion of Australia. It has an area of 975,920 square
miles, or some twenty times the area of North Carolina and
nearly four times the area of the state of Texas. Separating
it from the more densely settled provinces of the eastern side
of Australia is the great desert. It is connected to them by
the Transcontinental Railway, which is about as long as
that from New York to San Francisco. If everything from
Saint Louis to Reno were a desert like what one sees in Ne-
vada, one would have a picture of the isolation of Western
Australia from its neighbors. Small wonder it is that West-
ern Australia by plebiscite expressed a desire in 1933 to- be
set up as a separate dominion rather than be governed from
Canberra. This, however, was not done.

Western Australia has wonderfully rich goldfields
which in 1892-93 became the scene of a great gold rush. It
is one of the coming portions of the dominions.

In Western Australia there are 150 lodges with 9,229
Master Masons, representing in the year a net gain of 215
for the year; moreover there has been no year since 1931 in
which a net gain was not recorded. In that one year there
was a loss of 176, and in every other year for thirty there
was a gain save a loss of seven in 1915. Probably there is no
other Grand Lodge with such a record.

We are reminded that here south of the Equator the sea-
sons are reversed and that Christmas comes in the height of
the summer season. We have an aspiration to visit the Grand
Lodge of Western Australia before our Masonic career is
ended and to see for ourselves the glories of that great coun-
try.

The Grand Master is Doctor James S. Battye, whose
portrait in full color, showing complete regalia, adorns the
frontispiece of the book—a rare inclusion.

Rather than attempt to review the book, we are going to
do an unusual thing. There are not many good reviewers in
the Grand Lodges of the British Empire outside Canada, and

(177)

178 MASONIC REVIEWS

James W. E. Archdeacon, P. S. G. W., of Western Austra-
lia, is second to none of them. We are therefore going to
quote what he has to say about North Carolina. It is always
interesting to know what a man on the other side of the
world gets out of our book, and here it is:

NORTH CAROLINA, 1935 .

|^. 351 Lodges. 28,292 Members.

The 148th Annual Communication, held at Raleigh, commenced on
April 16th, 1935, the Grand Master, M. W. Brother R. F. Ebbs pre-

siding. One hundred and ninety-five lodges were represented in the at-.

tendance, and there was also a large number of Grand Lodge officers,

While admitting in his address that it had, not been possible for him.

to visit each of the 44 Masonic districts into which Jurisdiction was divid-
ed, the Grand Master said his visitations had been arranged with the view
of reaching, as nearly as possible, every section. The Oxford Orphanage
contained 369 children, and he recommended an appropriation of £9000
toward its maintenance, which was granted. 'The home for aged brethren
and widows had 66 inmates, and Grand Lodge approved We recommen-
dation that £2400 be appropriated towards.its maintenance.

One of the questions propounded to the Grand Master was of a
most unusual nature. The questioner based his query on, the Installed
Master's Degree, and his desire to '"'raise a little money and at the same
time help North Carolina Masonry". Throughout the Masonic world,
with the exception of the United States, he said, the degree of an Instal-
led Master was conferred upon newly elected Masters of Lodges. Having.
discovered upon investigation that the degree was dissimilar in all re-
spects from the capitular degree of Past Master, he expressed the desire
of his lodge to develop a team therein to confer the Installed Master's De-
gree upon Masters and. Past Masters in the State, as-a further educational
feature and as a method of increasing interest. The lodge would also
like to issue to each recipient of the degree a card and certificate to that
effect, and as this would entail expense, the idea was to-charge a fee of
five dollars (about £1|0|8 sterling). 'The' Grand Master ruled that the
proposal was contrary to the Masonic Constitution of North ‘Carolina,
and the degree could not be introduced until the Constitution .and laws
of Grand Lodge were amended in many respects. He added: “The prop-
osition appears to be one based on the financial needs of a lodge which
is sought to be relieved by introducing a new degree or ceremony in the
Symbolic system, for which a fee of five dollars will be charged and the
recipient to receive a diploma. As I see it, the need, as suggested, does not
justify the innovation, and I am of the opinion that the means suggested

whereby to meet that need is not within the power of the Grand Master,

to approve.’

To the Western Australia reviewer there appears to be much con-
fusion of thought in many of the United States Grand Jurisdictions con-
cerning the degree of an Installed Master. In English and Australian lodges

WESTERN AUSTRALIA 179

as well as those in most other parts of the British Empire, the installation
ceremony is for the purpose of conferring upon the Wor. Master-elect the
degree of a Master in the Chair. Until that degree has been conferred, he `
cannot occupy the chair of K. S., nor does he possess the rights and privil-
eges belonging to its occupant. As soon as he has completed his tenure
of office and his successor has been installed, he thereby becomes the Imme- `
diate Past Master of the lodge and the counselor of the newly-installed
Master. When the successor to the newly-installed Master has been installed
then the Immediate Past Master becomes one of the Past Masters of bis
lodge. As I point out in a review elsewhere in this volume, the words
"Past Master" in Capitular Masonry should be “Passed Master." The re-
cipient of that degree is passed to it to conform with the requirements of
that branch of the Art, and the old records before the Reconciliation in
1813 spell the word "Dass d" more often than “Past,” although the lat-
ter is sometimes used by lodge secretaries in that period, whose spelling
was—to say the least of it— somewhat eccentric. It is probably due to
such eccentricity that the celebrated Carmick MS. of the Ancient Charges
caused such a controversy years ago over the meaning of the words "Cut
a Kenis.” The North Carolina lodge's suggestion to confer the Installed
Master's Degree—in many cases years after a Past Master had been in-
stalled as Master—is sufficiently whimsical to meet the requirements of a
Gilbertian situation.

Wor. Bro. J. E. Shipman, Grand Orator, can be sincerely and hearti-
ly congratulated upon the excellent address he gave on “The Mission of
Masonry." It ranks amongst the best that have come under the reviewer's
notice during his occupancy of his present office. After pointing out the
reasons why Masonry had survived, he asked why it had enlisted such un-
selfish devotion and fidelity from its votaries, when other institutions, simi-
larly based, perished because they could not command a like allegiance from
their followers. He attributed it, first, to the fact that the key to its
teachings is found in symbols and equips it with the most effective method
of imparting truth known to human experience; second, the fact that
Masonic truth was emblematical rather than dogmatic caused it to make
a most marvelous appeal to men of all ages, races, and religions. He con-
tended that the mission of an institution with such a glorious past was
not only to maintain the services it had rendered, but to answer the chal-
lenge which the world conditions of today offered. He said:

"It is a challenge that calls for a rededication to the eternal verities
which are the well-springs of Masonry, and have their highest expression
in those who have received Masonic light. There must be a more exten-
sive diffusion of Masonic truths and a higher devotion to those truths
in nobler living and sacrificial service. The vices of hate, prejudice, dis-
trust, greed, selfishness, shiftlessness, thriftlessness, and others of like kind
can be vanquished only by the virtues of love, friendship, charity, confi-
dence, industry, and others of similar import. These virtues are em-
braced in the fundamentals of our Order, and are most strikingly empha-
sised in its teachings. These are the weapons by which the challenge must
be met, and if the Masons of the vast domain of this Order would thor-
oughly dedicate themselves to its ideals, they could usher in a bloodless

180 MASONIC REVIEWS

revolution that would save the grave problems of the hour and establish
universal peace among men. Whether this most hoped for result can be
` accomplished, no one can foresee, but whatever the eventuality, there
is abundant evidence that Masonry will continue as a living, vital force
in the civilization of the future. As a lover of man and with faith in
God and hope in immortality it will press on toward the attainment of
its ultimate goal of the Fatherhood of God and the universal brotherhood
of man to a higher and nobler destiny.

While it may not be possible for everyone to share the optimism
of the speaker as to the possibilities arising out of such a re-dedication
as the first of the last three sentences suggests, there is a ring in our bro-
thers words that does call Masonry to that higher service which the
writer believes will eventually largely contribute to the success of Mason-
ry's real mission—world-wide peace, love and harmony.

One of North Carolina's great Masonic services has been its Edu-
cational Loan Fund, out of which upwards of £17,000 has been handed
to thirty various educational institutions for administration.: The investi-
gation of the administration indicated that hundreds of boys and girls
had been hereby enabled to continue their education and in most instances
had proved themselves worthy of the assistance given to them. In addi-
tion to Grand - Lodge, the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, the
Grand Royal Arch Chapter, and the Grand Commandery of Knights were
responsible for raising the fund. :

A curious case: A man charged in a North Carolina court of jus-
tice with murder, was found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to six
years' imprisonment. The case also came before his lodge (he was a
Mason) on a charge of murder, but the lodge found him not guilty.
An appeal to Grand Lodge was taken, and Grand Lodge remanded the
case back to the lodge for re-trial and ordered that the charge be amend-
ed by substituting for the word "murder" the words ‘‘wrongfully slay
and kill." To the writer it appears that the lodge, seeing that the jury's
verdict was manslaughter, could have tried him on a like charge in the
first instance. In Australia a Supreme Court trial and conviction pro-
vided the court record is before the Board of General Purposes, suffices
for that body to recommend punitive consequences to Grand Lodge.
'The case described in this paragraph evidences what may happen in a
Masonic trial super-imposed upon a Supreme Court trial and conviction.

Fraternal recognition was granted to the Grand Lodge Benito
Jaurez Coahuila; Grand Lodge La Oriental Peninsular of the Star of
Yucatan; and Grand Lodge El Potosi, San Luis Potosi; all three in
Mexico. The Grand Lodge Norske Polarstjernen, Trondhjem, Nor-
way; Grand Lodge of Paraguay; Grand Lodge of Uruguay; and the
Masonic Federation of Rumania (the combined Grand National Lodge
and Grand Orient), Roumania.

It remains now to notice the Masonic reviews appended to the
Proceedings. Needlesss to say, they are by our talented brother, Wor. J-
Edward Allen, who, it is pleasant to note, is steadily ''moving up the
line," and has attained the rank of Senior Grand Deacon for the year
ending April, 1936. Turning to the reviews, one misses the good work

WESTERN AUSTRALIA 181

for which he has become known throughout the Masonic world. Not his
fault, however. The Grand Lodge of North Carolina seems to have
been treated by the depression with prodigal attention, the result being
that as one means of financial conservation, my brother’s excellent work
has been "eut down to the bone’’—to use a journalistic phrase. Still,
though, each of the thirty-four United States lodges receives only a
paragraph, a persusal of those paragraphs evidences what a mighty lot
of interesting matter the North Carolina reviewer can produce in a lim-
ited space. In connection with this question of reviews, the Western
Australian scribe rejoiced to read Past Grand Master Poteat’s advice to
Grand Lodge in the form of a motion, which was adopted, and pledged
its unanimous and hearty support of Bro. Edward Allen’s ‘‘continued
work upon its former basis." The same scribe also rejoiced to remember
that in our 1934 volume, months before North Carolina’s 1935 An-
nual Communication, attention was called by him to the seeming un-
wisdom of inflicting the results of depression upon the reviews of
Fraternal Correspondence.

Grand Master, Charles B. Newcomb; Grand Secretary, J. H. An-
derson.

182 MASONIC REVIEWS

CANADA IN ONTARIO

This is a very interesting volume and we shall later re-
view it fully; but there is in it one item which we now in
advance of review present as the epitome of the true philoso-
phy of Masonic dues and of the problem of suspensions for
nonpayment of dues. It is from the Official Address of
Grand Master Alexander J. Anderson, K. C., and its sig-
nificance is great. It is as follows:

NON-PAYMENT OF DUES

The question of non-payment of dues is one of our most perplex-
ing problems. It is not confined to this jurisdiction, but is common to
most all the Grand jurisdictions. We should never forget that dues are
only an incident in connection with our Order and that the collection
of dues is not one of Masonry’s aims or purposes. Masonry is a Bro-
therhood, not a financial institution or an organization to provide enter-
tainment. The spirit. of Brotherhood is the cement that binds the
members to each other. Though the statement frequently made that
"once a Mason always a Mason” is not a part of the fundamentals or of
the Constitution of Freemasonry, it carries truth just the same. When
once a man is admitted into the ranks of the Masonic Brotherhood he
becomes as much a Brother as if a brother by nature, and entitled to
the same consideration as if born of the same parents. We become our bro-
ther's keeper. He is at once so bound to us that no artificial means em-
ployed by us can sever that link. The relation of brotherhood being es-
tablished, the non-payment of dues to a Lodge, which is mere business
incident of Lodge administration, should not be resorted to as a good
and sufficient reason in all cases to cause such Brother to be deprived of
all association as a Mason with his Brethren in Masonry and preventing
him advancing the ideals of the Order for the benefit of the Society or
community in which he and his Brethren move. The term ‘‘brotherhood”
is very near and dear to the heart of the Mason who has joined the mem-
bership, not for his own personal advantage and glory but for the pur-
pose of influencing for the better those associated with him in the Or-
der and also those with whom he comes, and must come, in contact in
his daily walk of life. The spirit of brotherhood must not be weakened
but made stronger, the link of brotherhood not severed but held intact,
by the exercise of those great qualities of mind and heart depicted in the
sacred volume that lies open on our altars, where the Greatest of all
Humans has left us these words: ‘‘For their sake I sanctify myself."

With the foregoing as a premise, the question of dealing with the
Brother in default in the payment of his dues becomes of moment. No
Brother in his own interest should be allowed to go more than one yeat
in default without an advance being made by the Master, or by his pro-
per officers, or better still, by a small group of experienced Brethren,
to interview the Brother, not in the spirit of collecting a business debt,
but in the spirit of that charity which like mercy blesses him who ap-

CANADA IN ONTARIO 183

proaches as well as him who is approached, sympathetically advancing the
beauty of Brotherhood, and by inquiring the real causes leading to the
default, to find whether the Brother still has the desire to continue in
the Order or has lost all interest in it, and the reason for such loss An
earnest effort should be made to rekindle in his heart the flame of de-
sire that led him to apply to become a member, in order that Masonry
may not lose even one of its members. If this proves unavailing then
he in the most kindly and courteous manner should be requested to ask for
a dimit, that he may retire from the ranks with the best of good feeling
for those with whom he had associated in Brotherhood. With respect
to the Brother desirous of continuing as a member, default will gene-
rally be found bound up with ill-fortune or inability to pay. In such
a case the remedy is not to “cut him off” (as I heard a Grand Lodge
member recently state in that spirit of coldness born of selfish business
greed) but consists in ascertaining by full kindly and helpful investiga-
tion the reason for the default, the degree to which he may be able to
pay, and to meet him in that regard. If he can pay or arrange to pay
the per capita tax due on his behalf from his Lodge to the Grand Lodge
he is therefore retained on the books of the Grand Lodge and is entitled
to that benevolent consideration given to all honest deserving cases of
need.

To adopt the penalty "eur him off" the Lodge has not collected
"the debt" and has in all probability deprived itself of being recouped
in the future by the efforts of the defaulting Brother to retrieve his posi-
tion of honor among his Brethren. If he from the time of his admission
to the time of his default was a worthy Brother and was so regarded,
and is in default through circumstances that do not carry reproach or
indicate indifference, but are such as he could not control, why, may
I ask, should he be considered less a Brother than before? Is the ans-
wer, he has not the few dollars and cents necessary to put him in good
standing ‘‘on the books"? Is Masonry reduced to a matter of dollars
and cents? Or to a system of keeping and collecting accounts? Our
Constitution allows a constituent Lodge to remit dues in whole or in
part. Why is such a Law placed on record governing the administra-
tion of the Lodge? It is not there for any empty purpose but is there
to enable the Lodge in the exercise of charity, generosity or mercy to
deal with the dues in! arrears for the benefit and assistance of a Brother
in default. Then why not take the proper sympathetic steps to ascer-
tain, not in coldness but with that warmth of sympathy shown in the
parable of the Good Samaritan, the real conditions surrounding that de-
fault, and deal with it in such a way as will help the one in default and
will not injure the Lodge. To remit dues preserves to the one in default
the privileges of Brotherhood, and to suspend him deprives in all proba-
bility a good Mason and a good man of that privilege, and does not put
any unpaid dues in the treasury.

Take the spirit of Brotherhood and its ideals out of Masonry and
what have you left? A poor skeleton—no life. I call on all District Dep-
uty Grand Masters, and all Masters of Lodges, to make deep and careful
study of this question, and prevent the growth of that appalling atti-

184 MASONIC REVIEWS

tude shown by a few Lodges, officers and Brethren, who have not yet
become fully appreciative of the aim and purpose of the Brotherhood
of Freemasonry, and who do not hesitate to strike from the rolls of
membership Brethren in default, as if under the axe of the executioner.
Masonry means charity, relief, sympathy and brotherly love, and calls
on those not in default to make a sacrifice "Por their sakes’’.

THE UNITED LODGE OF ENGLAND 185

THE UNITED GRAND LODGE OF ENGLAND

His Royal Highness, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught,
has been Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of Eng-
land since 1901. Since he is of the blood royal, he has both
a Deputy Grand Master and a Pro Grand Master. Lord
Ampthill was Pro Grand Master until his death in 1935,
and he was succeeded by Lord Cornwallis, who had been be-
fore that time Deputy Grand Master. Lord Cornwallis died
before his investiture, and was succeeded by Henry, 6th Earl
of Harewood, formerly Viscount Lascelles, whose wife is
the sister of the reigning monarch. The new Deputy Grand
Master is General Sir Francis Davies, K. C. B., K. C. M. G.,
K. C. V. O. Many members of the Peerage are officers in the
Grand Lodge. The Duke of Kent is Provincial Grand Mas-
ter for Wiltshire, being brother to the Sovereign, and the
Earl of Elgin is Senior Grand Warden.

Both Lord Harewood and Sir Francis Davies are Ini-
tiates and Past Masters of the United Lodge, 1629. They
were both educated at Eton and both served in the Grena-
dier Guards. The Grand Master also served in the Grena-
dier Guards. but began his military career in the Royal En-
gineers. Lord Harewood has been Provincial Grand Master
for West Yorkshire since 1926; Sir Francis Davies has been
Provincial Grand Master for Worcestershire since 1929.

'The Proclamation of the new Pro Grand Master was in
part as follows at the Annual Communication of 1936:

'The Rt. Honble. Henry George Charles, Earl of Harewood and Vis-
count Lascelles in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, Baron Harewood
in the Peerage of Great Britain, of Harewood in the County of York.
Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. Knight Grand Cross of
the Royal Victorian Order. Companion of the Distinguished Service
Order. Recipient of the Territorial Decoration. His Majesty's Lieutenant
and Custos Rotulorum for the West Riding of Yorkshire. Hon. Colonel
of lst Battalion of the London Regiment of His Majesty's Territorial
Army. Captain (retired) in His Majesty's First or Grenadier Guards.
President of the West Riding of Yorkshire Territorial Army Association.
Honorary Doctor of Laws of the University of Sheffield. Honorary Doc-
tor of Laws of the University of Leeds. Right Worshipful Provincial
Grand Master of the Masonic Province for Yorkshire, West Riding, Etc.,

Etc., Ete.
The United Grand Lodge operates the Royal Masonic
Institution for Girls, the Royal Masonic Institution for Boys

186 MASONIC REVIEWS

and the Royal Masonic Benevolent Institution. The Girls’
Home is at Rickmansworth; the Boys’ Home, at Bushey,
and the Institution for Old People, at London. In the last
named institution, brethren are eligible for acceptance as can-
didates who are, and have for 20 years been, subscribing
members of English lodges; widows are eligible whose de-
ceased husbands met the same requirements in a general way.
The most of the beneficiaries are non-resident, receiving an
annuity of $340.00 in the case of Masons and slightly less
for others. The Institution is conducted for residents on
a much different plan from ours in the country; those in
residence are given rooms, light and heat and REES
use their annuities for the rest.

When we come to study statistics, shady can tell us
exactly how many members there are under the English Con-
stitution. The number is estimated to be about 315,000.
But as ta lodges there is definite information, which we clip
from The Freemason’s Chronicle, of London:

The total number of Lodges now working under the English Con-
stitution is 4,949—London 1,224, Provincial 2,991, Districts over-
seas 677, abroad not under Districts 55, and two movable Military
Lodges (the Unity, Peace, and Concord, No. 316, attached to the 2nd
Batt. Royal Scots, and Social Friendship, No. 497, attached to the 2nd
Batt. Royal Irish Fusiliers). In this review the latest number is 5643,
so that 695 are missing; these Lodges have been removed from the roll `
sinca the last closing up of numbers in 1863, having left for the pur-
pose of forming Independent Grand Lodges in the Dominions, with the
sanction and recognition of the Home Authority. There have been seve-
ral instances, however, when the Warrant has been returned and the
Lodges cease to exist, calamity and misfortune accounting for most of
them, each being designated “withdrawn”. During 1936 the Solomon
Islands Lodge, No. 3777, Solomon Islands (warranted in 1916 but not
constituted) was erased.

London 1,224.

Provinces 2,991— (In England and Wales).

Districts (678)—Auckland N. Z. 17, Barbados 7, Bengal 76,
Bombay 51, British Guiana 6, Burma 20, Canterbury N. Z. 7, Ceylon
9, China Northern 11, East Africa 21, Eastern Archipelago 16, Egypt
and the Sudan 18, Gibraltar 9, Gold Coast 10, Hong Kong and South
China 11, Jamaica 13, Japan 5, Madras 35, Malta 7, Natal 42, New-
foundland 11, Nigeria 17, Otago and Southland N. Z. 4, Punjab 34,
Queensland 3, Rhodesia 11, South Africa Central 13, South Africa East
41, South Africa North East 7, South Africa West 33, South America
Northern 10, South America Southern 26, Transvaal 63, Wellington
N. Z. 6, Westland and Nelson N. Z. 7.

THE UNITED GRAND LODGE OF ENGLAND 187

Groups of Lodges under Grand Inspectors (28—Bermuda 4, East
Africa 3, Fiji Islands 4, Iraq 6, Melanesia 2, Sierra Leone 4, Trinidad 5.

Lodges abroad not under Districts or Grand Inspectors (27)—
Albany (Western Australia), Antigua (two), Constantinople, Curacao,
Grand Turk, Halifax (Nova Scotia), Jerusalem (two), Limassol (Cy-
prus), Melbourne (Victoria), Monte Carlo, Monte Video (two), Mon-
treal (two), Montserrat, Nassau, Nikosia (Cyprus), Phoenix (Mauri-
tius), Roseau (Dominica), St. Helena, St. Thomas, Sarafand (Pales-

tine), Sydney (New South Wales), Windhoek (South West Africa),
and Zante.

Military Lodges (not stationary, travel with the Regiment) —2.

We next give our readers a few interesting items of offi-
cial decisions which have become a part of the system of juris-
prudence:

POINTS OF PROCEDURE
CLERK OF THE PEACE

Attention has been called by official authority to the fact that a
number of Lodges fail to comply with the strict regulations under 39
Geo. III, Chap. 79, directing the Master and Secretary of every Lodge
to transmit, before the 25th March in each year, to the Clerk of the
Peace for the County, Stewartry, Riding, Division, Shire, or Place where
the Lodge is usually held, a certified statement of the Names and De-
scription of the members of the particular Lodge acting under the au-
thority of the United Grand Lodge of England. A copy of the form
necessary for this purpose is forwarded every year to the Secretary of
each Lodge in England and Wales in sufficient tíme for it to be filled up;
and, as official note has now been taken of the omission in certain cases,
the Board urges on Masters and Secretaries of every Lodge to fulfill their
obligations under the Statute named, which included a special provision
for the protection of Members of Masonic Lodges in this Jurisdiction.
(Extract from Report of Board of General Purposes, adopted June 5,
1929).

INSURANCE OF TYLERS

Arising out of an enquiry received by the Grand Secretary, the
Grand Lodge Solicitor was asked to express his opinion upon the liability
in law attaching to a Lodge in case of an accident happening to its
Tyler, either during his actual attendance at the Lodge meetings, or
whilst journeying to and fro between his residence and the place at which
the Lodge is held. The Grand Lodge Solicitor is of opinion that there
is no doubt that the Lodge would be liable in the event of an accident to
its Tyler in the circumstances set out above. (As above, September 2,

1931.)
INTOXICANTS IN LODGE ROOMS

When the Licensing Act of 1902 was passed, an undertaking was
given to the Home Secretary by the Grand Registrar that the Masonic
authorities would condemn the practice of consuming any intoxicating

188 MASONIC REVIEWS

liquor in Lodge, or on premises directly associated with a Lodge, in con-
nection with the ceremony of Installation. This undertaking was car-
ried out in instructions issued from Freemasons’ Hall, and confirmed by
Grand Lodge, with a direction for them to be read at the-next meeting
of each Lodge. The Board condemns the practice; and continues to en-
join that neither directly nor by any colourable evasion shall it be in-
dulged in at any period during the meeting of a Lodge when engaged in
the Ceremony of Installation. (As above, March 3, 1926.)

MASONIC JEWELS

The Board’s attention has been drawn with increasing frequency of
late to the non-observance of Rule 283 of the Book of Constitutions.
which prohibits the wearing, either in Grand Lodge or a Private Lodge,
of any Masonic Jewel, Medal, Device, or Emblem which has not been
approved by the M.’.W.’.The Grand Master, a custom has grown up in
some Lodges, and is in certain directions rapidly increasing, to issue Jew-
els to officers as they vacate their offices or for long service. Though the
presentation of a Past Master’s Jewel has been accepted because of long
usage, it is not desired that the custom should be extended to officers
generally, unless the Grand Master’s permission has been obtained, and
this course should be strictly observed. Jewels have been authorized for
Founders of Lodges, when the designs have been similarly approved; but
these are restricted to the Founders themselves, and are not to be presented
to the first Initiates or Joining Members, while a bar descriptive of the
difference between the various recipients is not permitted. A point has
further to be noted in connection with the wearing of the Badges issued
by the three great Masonic Institutions at the Annual Festivals. These
cannot be worn after the year immediately succeeding the Festival, un-
less the Grand Master has given special authorization for permanent use.
(Extract from Report of Board of General Purposes, adopted Sept. 7,
1927. See also December 4, 1929.)

DECISIONS

BALLOTING, COLLECTIVE

QUESTION: Is a Collective Ballot regular? If ‘yes’, would a suffi-
cient number of black balls exclude all the Candidates, or should the bal-
lot be re-taken, individually?

ANSWER: A Collective Ballot is regular, provided that, if there be
one black ball, each Candidate should be balloted for individually.

QUESTION: (b) May a Masonic Service be advertised?
ANSWER: A Masonic Service must not be advertised in any way.

QUORUM IN LODGE

QUESTION: How many Members must be present in Lodge to form
a quorum to transact Masonic business?

ANSWER: Five, one of whom must be an installed Master.

| RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN GRAND LODGES 189

RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN GRAND LODGES

We have not referred to the subject of Standards of Re-
cognition and their application in quite a while. It seems
quite appropriate that we refer to this matter at this time.
One reason for this reference is the fact that within the past
three years certain of our not-so-far-distant neighbor Grand
Lodges have adopted Standards of Recognition which are
not at all in agreement with ours. This fact in a way puts
on the defensive.

We hold that a Grand Lodge, to be worthy of recogni-
tion, does not of necessity have to be a direct descendent of the
Grand Lodge of England or Scotland. To us, “Regularity
of Origin" means that a Grand Lodge must have been ac-
knowledged to be regular—i. e., healed, by a regular Grand
Lodge. In a word, we hold that if the United Grand Lodge
of England thinks she is safe in her recognition of Foreign
Grand Lodges, in NOT requiring that they be of direct Brit-
ish descent, the Masonry of Britain being the mother of all
Freemasonry, and this being the largest Grand Lodge in the
world and the one with the greatest prestige today, then we
do not need to hedge ourselves about with more severe re-
trictions than does the Grand Lodge of England.

In applying these standards, we find that the United
Grand Lodge of England recognizes in South America the
Argentine Grand Lodge, the Grand Lodge of Paraguay, the
Grand Lodge of Uruguay, the Grand Lodges of Colombia
(Barranquila, Bogota, Cartagena) and probably others none
of which traces its descent to English Freemasonry. In each
of these cases, our sister American Grand Lodges which re-
quire direct British descent rather put themselves in the “hol-
ier-than-thou” attitude; that is, they want to be stricter than
the Masonic fountain-head itself.

Just to be plain about this matter, we feel moved to print
again the North Carolina Standards of Recognition, and also
those of the United Grand Lodge of England. Here are the
requirements in North Carolina:

STANDARDS OF RECOGNITION GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA
Adopted January 14, 1925

Fraternal recognition may be extended to a Grand Lodge when it

190 MASONIC REVIEWS

appears to the satisfaction of this Grand Lodge, a Committee having first
considered and reported thereon:

1. That such Grand Body has been formed lawfully by at least three
just and duly constituted lodges, or that it has been legalized by a valid
act issuing from the Grand Lodge of North Carolina, or from a Grand
Body in fraternal relations with this Grand Lodge.

2. That it is an independent, self-governing, responsible organiza-
tion with entire, undisputed and exclusive dogmatic and administrative
authority over the Symbolic Lodges within its jurisdiction, and not in any
sense whatever subject to, or dividing such authority with, a Supreme
Council, or other Body claiming ritualistic or other supervision or control.

3. That it makes Masons of men only.

4. That it requires conformity to the following, which The Grand
Lodge of North Carolina considers necessary in a Masonic Body:

(A). Acknowledgment of a belief in God the Father of all men.

(B). Secrecy.

(C). The symbolism of Operative Masonry.

(D). The division of Symbolic Masonry into the three degrees prac-
ticed in North Carolina.

(E). The legend of the Third Degree.

(F). That its dominant purposes are charitable, benevolent, educa-
tional and for the worship of God; and that it excludes controversial poli-
tics and sectarian religion from all activities under its auspices.

(G). The Sacred Book of the Divine Law, chief among the Three
Great Lights of Masonry, indispensably present in the lodges while at
work.

5. That it occupies exclusively its territorial jurisdiction or else
shares the same with another by mutual consent; and that it does not pre-
sume to extend its authority into, or presume to establish lodges in a ter-
ritory occupied by a lawful Grand Lodge, without the expressed assent of
such supreme governing Masonic body.

And here are the requirements in the United Grand
Lodge of England:

BASIC PRINCIPLES FOR GRAND LODGE RECOGNITION UNITED GRAND
LODGE OF ENGLAND
Accepted by Grand Lodge, September 4th, 1929
Regularity of origin; i. e. each Grand Lodge shall have been es-
Guia lawfully by a duly recognized Grand Lodge or gë? three or more
regularly constituted Lodges.
2. That a belief in the G. A. O. T. U. and His revealed will shall
be an essential qualification for membership.
3. That all Initiates shall take their Obligation on or in full view of
the open Volume of the Sacred Law, by which is meant the revelation from

above which is binding on the conscience of the particular individual who
is being initiated.

RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN GRAND LODGES 191

4. That the membership of the Grand Lodge and individual Lodges
shall be composed exclusively of men; and that each Grand Lodge shall
have no Masonic intercourse of any kind with mixed Lodges or bodies
which admit women to membership.

5. That the Grand Lodge shall have sovereign jurisdiction over the
Lodges under its control, i. e., that it shall be a responsible, independent,
selfgoverning organization, with sole and undisputed authority over the
Craft or Symbolic Degrees (Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft, and
Master Mason) within its Jurisdiction; and shall not in any way be sub-
ject to, or divide such authority with, a Supreme Council or other Power
claiming any control or supervision over those degrees.

6. That the three Great Lights of Freemasonry (namely, the Vol-
ume of the Sacred Law, the Square, and the Compasses) shall always be
exhibited when the Grand Lodge or its subordinate Lodges are at work,
the chief of these being the Volume of the Sacred Law.

7. That the discussion of religion and politics within the Lodge
shall be strictly prohibited.

8. That the principles of the Ancient Landmarks, customs, and us-
ages of the Craft shall be strictly observed.

192 MASONIC REVIEWS
FREEMASONRY IN MEXICO

In 1935, the Grand Lodge of North Carolina extended
recognition to the Grand Lodge Benito Juarez of Coahuila,
Mexico; to the Grand Lodge Peninsular of Yucatan; to the
Grand Lodge El Potosi of San Luis Potosi; and we held open
for further investigation the application of the Grand Lodge
Cosmos of Chihauhua. After this recognition had been ex-
tended, some of the leaders of North Carolina Masonry did
some traveling in the great Southwest, and came back a little
dubious about the action taken; they did not have any facts
at all, but only some whisperings to the effect that some of
these Mexican Grand Lodges had done some things that
weren't quite regular when measured by American Standards.

This situation rather caused us to determine to go to the
bottom of the matter. If there was ground for these rumors,
we wanted to find it. Accordingly, we initiated an extensive
correspondence and investigation. The net result of this was,
that almost every Border State had heard that some Mexican
body or bodies had formed lodges in the States and all that;
but when the facts were fully known, it came to light that
the trouble had in all cases been caused by lodges which were
known to be Masonic bastards by the regular Grand Lodges
in Mexico itself and were as much frowned down upon
there as in the United States. While we were investigating
the Grand Lodge Cosmos of Chihuahua, another indepen-
dent investigation of the same Grand Lodge was being con-
ducted by the Texas Committee, headed by Most Worship-
ful Brother W. M. Fly. It is this committee's report which
we now have before us. In it, we discover that first it is de-
clared that the Grand Lodge Cosmos was one of the original
signers of the Mexican Articles of Masonic Federation. It is .
from this point that we begin to quote from the report of
the committee, which was duly adopted.

By this declaration, it would seem that each of these seventeen Grand
Lodges sought to fulfill all demands that could be made of them as touch-
ing the doctrine of territorial jurisdiction. Indeed, this declaration would
under all normal conditions have proven all sufficient. However, with this,
the Grand Lodge of Texas, there still remained a barrier which rendered

it impossible for it to proceed with the considering of our extending Fra-
ternal Recognition to any one of these Grand Lodges. This your Com-

FREEMASONRY IN MEXICO 193

mittee has consistently insisted that by virtue of our having extended Fra-
ternal Recognition to the York Grand Lodge of Mexico while in full pos-
session of the fact that the York Grand Lodge of Mexico was occupying
the territory within the States of several of these Grand Lodges, under
its claim of territorial jurisdiction over the whole of the Republic of
Mexico, the Grand Lodge of Texas was bound by its own act to treat
each of these State Grand Lodges as though irregular, pending their posi-
tive declaration as to the status in which they or either of the several
Grand Lodges held the York Grand Lodge of Mexico to be, before this
Grand Lodge could further consider its application for recognition.

We contend further that when, as in the instant case, any one of
these seventeen Grand Lodges should make this definite showing, together
with the meeting of all other requirements appearing as our ‘‘Standards of
Recognition," their application for recognition would take precedence over
the claim for further recognition of the York Grand Lodge of Mexico.

In the case of the Independent Grand Lodge ''Cosmos," this re-
quirement or claim has been fully and completely met.

In the performance of duty, this Committee finds itself overwhelmed
with regret while at the same time happy in the consciousness of heeding
the just demands of duty and responsibility.

We would take advantage of this occasion to express our warmest
and most sincere feelings of fellowship and Brotherly love for those mem-
bers of the York Grand Lodge of Mexico with whom we have had the
privilege of an acquaintance. They are a royal group of as admirable cha-
racters as it has been ours to meet, and time nor conditions can ever les-
sen our gratefulness for their brotherly attitude towards us and especially
their unmeasured hospitality shown the members of this Grand Lodge
on every possible occasion. With all sincerity, we with joy partake of
the meaningful expressions of our beloved M.'.W.'.Grand Master, where-
in he declares, in reference to the York Grand Lodge itself:

"I have never seen a warmer fellowship or a purer brand of Masonry
exhibited by any Grand Lodge."

And still he speaks in keeping with truth and good conscience both
his and the enforced conviction of this Committee, in declaring that:

“Tt is an undeniable fact that the York Grand Lodge does not repre-
sent Masonry in Mexico."

In view of the fact and conditions above set out, we your Commit-
tee are impelled to offer the following resolutions, with its recommenda-
tion that they do pass:

RESOLVED: That the former Fraternal Recognition extended by
this Grand Lodge to the York Grand Lodge of Mexico be and the same
is hereby cancelled and fully withdrawn. And be it further

RESOLVED: That Fraternal Recognition by this Grand Lodge
is hereby extended to the Independent Grand Lodge ''Cosmos'' of the
City of Chihuahua in the State of Chihuahua, Mexico, and provision 1s
here made for the usual exchange of Representatives.

194 MASONIC REVIEWS

This is a. most remarkably striking report. Here is the
Grand Lodge which is closest to Mexican Masonry, and ‘is
closest to the most of Mexican Masonry. It sent a Commis-
sion to Mexico years ago to set things straight and at that
time failed. It recognized the York Grand Lodge, composed
chiefly of English-speaking people but very regular though
not Mexican at all. Practically every American Grand Lodge
recognizes this York Grand Lodge. Now Texas does the
bold but logical thing; it withdraws its recognition of the
York Grand Lodge for the purpose of giving its help and
support to native Mexican Masonry.

THE GRAND LODGE CosMos OF CHIHUAHUA

Since we have gone so far, we now also quote from the
Texas Grand Lodge Magazine concerning the characteristics
and history of the Grand Lodge Cosmos of Chihuahua:

Some minisformed members of Masonic lodges have claimed that
this Independent Grand Lodge Cosmos, has organized lodges in the state
of Texas, U. S. A.; also that this Grand Lodge is in relations of amity
with irregular bodies styling themselves Masonic, as the so-called: Grand
Orient of North America, Rito Nacional Mexicano, etc. Nothing can be
further from the truth, as the Independent Grand Lodge Cosmos works
within the strict laws of Masonry, having always been mindful of the
territorial boundaries of others, and as a consequence has never approved
nor will ever approve, the establishment of Masonic Lodges outside of
the State of Chihuahua. In regard to the Grand Orient of North America;
this Grand Lodge Cosmos has never had relations with such organization
nor has it any record in its files of its existence. Today there are several
Lodges in the Republic of Mexico, including the State of Chihuahua that
operate under the name of "Rito Nacional Mexicano," but such organi-
zation has been declared irregular, illegal and anti-Masonic. This organ-
ization with its Supreme Council has been declared spurious by the Grand
Lodges of Mexico (regular), to all the Masonic powers of the world.

LOVE ESSENTIAL DUTY

We consider our order to be an organization whose foremost and es-
sential duty is to make love the cause and basis of all action. An organi-
zation from which we expect answers on the true principles of human
cooperation, a movement which can put into practice everywhere and al-
ways whatever truths, with all their moral implications, it may learn from
experienced men.

In these endeavors the Masonry of the Grand Lodge Cosmos is guided
by the same spiritual forces which make possible our moral, spiritual, and
finally our political liberation.

FREEMASONRY IN MEXICO 195

is FOUNDED 1898

he Independent Grand Lodge Cosmos, A. F. i
huahua, Mexico, was founded on June llth, 1898. Ss e
was formed lawfully by three just and duly constituted Lodges ii
as: Constancia y Trabajo No. 1, Mariano Escobedo No. 2, and Wash-
ington-Hidalgo No. 3, previous the transfer of the territory of the State
of Chihuahua by the Gran Logia Unida Mexicana, of Veracruz Mexico
one of the oldest Grand Lodges, and of unquestionable regularity.

CHARTER ISSUED

„On December 28th, 1902, an extraordinary Session of the Gran
Logia Unida Mexicana, was called by its M.’.W.’.Grand Master, Rafael
Limon Molina, for the purpose of completing and confirming the regu-
larity of the above Lodges and Grand Lodge Cosmos. A charter was is-
sued, and on January 16th, 1903, a deputation from the Grand Lodge
Unida Mexicana of Veracruz, headed by its M.A." Grand Master, deliv-
ered the charter under the proper ritual.

WORK REGULAR

The Independent Grand Lodge Cosmos, A. F. 6 A. M., of the
State of Chihuahua has worked with all regularity, since January l6th,
1903, up to the present day in accordance with the Land Marks and
Laws of Freemasonry.

i INDEPENDENT AND SELF-GOVERNING

This Independent Grand Lodge Cosmos is an independent, self-gov-
erning and responsible organization with entire, undisputed and exclusive
dogmatic and administrative authority over the Symbolic Lodges within
its jurisdiction, and not in any sense whatever subject to, or dividing such
authority with, a Supreme Council, or other Body claiming ritualistic or
other supervision or control.

That this Independent Grand Lodge Cosmos will always respect
the sovereignty of other territories and has never taken under her auspices
Masonic Lodges out of the State of Chihuahua; therefore, this Grand
Lodge does not presume to extend its authority into, or presume to es-
tablish Lodges in a territory occupied by a lawful Grand Lodge, with-
out the expressed assent of such supreme governing Masonic body.

REQUIREMENTS

This Grand Lodge makes Masons of men only.

That it requires conformity to the following which the Indepen-
dent Grand Lodge Cosmos, of Chihuahua, Mexico, considers necessary in
a Masonic body:

A. A belief in God the Father of all men.

B. Secrecy.

C. The Symbolism of Operative Masonry.

D. The division of Symbolic Masonry into three degrees of Entered
Apprentice, Fellowcraft, and Master Mason.

E. The legend of the Third Degree.

196 MASONIC REVIEWS

F. That the obligations of its initiates be taken in the name of
God, upon the Volume recognized by the candidate as sacred law, a part
of the furniture of the Lodge, and indispensably present in the Lodge
while at work. i

G. That it excludes controversial party politics and sectarian reli-
gion from all activities under its auspices.

H. That it requires the display of the three Great Lights in every
Lodge at work.

I. That it is founded upon and adheres to the ancient land-marks,
customs and usages of the Craft.

J. That its dominant purposes are charitable, benevolent, educational
and religious, excluding fanatical beliefs.

GRAND LODGE OF THE TERRITORY OF
BAJA CALIFORNIA

We are in receipt of a request from the "Gran Logia del
Territorio Norte de la Baja California", and therefore are
giving our readers information concerning it.

The Territory of Lower California is a peninsula ex-
tending in a southeasterly direction from the southern boun-
dary of the state of California for several hundred miles. It
is not connected with the rest of the Republic of Mexico at
all, being separated from it by the Gulf of California and the
wide lower waters of the Colorado River. For the most part
it is very mountainous. At its northernmost part, it comes to
be a part of the rich Imperial Valley. Its easternmost metro-
polis is Mexicali, which city spreads itself over both sides
of the International Boundary. On the United States side it
is named Calexico; on the Mexican side, Mexicali. It is a
cotton market. On a day in the early fall in passing through
it you would think yourself to be in some cotton town in the
deep south. It does not depend on cotton grown by natural
moisture; artificial irrigation makes the cotton grown there-
abouts to be about what its growers want to make it. The
San Diego and Arizona railway goes through Lower Califor-
nia, one part of its route being the famous Carisso Gorge,
which no passenger train now traverses in daylight, so that
visitors are deprived of the pleasure of seeing this scenic sec-
tion of the ride to San Diego. The United States is now dig-
ging a great canal so that the waters of the Colorado may be
used in the United States side for irrigation without having
to go into Mexico.

FREEMASONRY IN MEXICO 197

The other of the larger towns of Lower California is
Tijuana. This, too, is astraddle the International Boundary,
and to the north of it is called simply Tia Juana. In the old
days of prohibition, this place used to be an oasis for the peo-
ple of San Diego, California, when they got dry. It was said
to have the longest bar in the world. Its horse racing was its
chief industry, so to speak. In the city are a number of gam-
ing places, and great bus loads of visitors would in older days
go over to Tijuana to "take in the sights", including the wo-

men in the bawdy houses. Many came back quite limp from
drink.

The Grand Lodge of the Northern Territory of Lower
California comprises seven lodges: three in Mexicali, three in
Tijuana and one in Ensenada. This last is the See of the
Grand Lodge. This Grand Lodge was formed in 1933 from
these lodges which had been chartered there by other Mexi-
can Grand Lodges. It was not a charter member of the Mexi-
can Federation of Grand Lodges, because of its very recent
formation when that Federation of existing Regular Grand
Lodges was organized; but it was admitted soon after the
organization.

The names of its lodges are as follows:

OCCIDENTAL, No. 1, Ensenada.
PRECURSORA, No. 2, de Mexicali.

IGNACIO ZARAGOZA, No. 3, de Tijuana.
OBREROS DEL SILENCIO, No. 4, de Tijuana.
PROMETEO, No. 5, de Mexicali.
REGENERACION, No. 6, de Mexicali.
ARQUITECTURA MORAL, No. 7, de Tijuana.

THE GRAND LODGE OF THE STATE OF
NuEvo LEON, MEXICO

We have been asked to extend recognition to the Grand
Lodge of Nuevo Leon and have asked this Grand Lodge to
furnish us information concerning itself. We have received
a beautifully written letter by one evidently educated in
English and in the use of the typewriter, giving the infor-
mation below.

The state of Nuevo Leon is one of the most intelligent
and highly developed in Mexico which almost touches the

198 MASONIC REVIEWS

Mexican Border, being separated from it by a narrow strip
of land extending for a hundred miles along Rio Grande and
owned by the state of Tamaulipas which separates Nuevo
Leon from Texas. The Capital of the state is Monterey
which is one of Mexico's most important cities and an im- |
portant railroad city. In the list of Lodges below we do not `
give the Post Office addresses but ten of the lodges are located
in the city of Monterey and the other twenty-two in the
smaller towns. The Grand Secretary is Pro. Caleb Sierra
Ramos, and his address is Apartado Num. 309, Monterey,
N. L., Mexico.

This Grand Lodge is a member of the Mexican Confed-
eration of Grand Lodges.

The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of the State of Nuevo Leon,
Republic of Mexico, is at present constituted by 32 Subordinate Sym-
bolic Lodges whose names are as follows:

Members Members
Obreros Del Silencio, No. 1....100 Simon Bolivar, No. 20.......... 158
Constancia, No. ji 93 Leon Guzman, No. 21............ 25
Mictorias INO. 35. cerco 73 Morelos, No. 22......... SNOW 40:
Guardianes Del Misterio, No. 4 84 Luch. De La Montana, No. 24.. 38
Fenix; Nos 5; tee 116 Felipe Nar. Garza, No. 25... 40
Tolerancia Masonica, No. 6....172 Independencia, No. 26............ 113
General Bernado Reyes, No. 7.. 30 Simbolismo Libre, No. 27...... 15
Jautez, Ne, 8... m setas 148 Ignacio Allende, No. 28........ 17
Gral. Mar. Escobedo, No. 9.... 36 Hercules, No. 29...................... 32
Progreso No. 10 ................... 60 Obreros DeLaLuz, No. 32.... 72
Estrella Del Sur, No. 11.......... 48 Rafael Najera, No. 33............ 234
Chee-Kung-Tong, No. 12..... 61 Lib. De La Humani., No. 34.... 18
Hiram; Nos 133 ee L6. Patia Nos 37. ume 73
Aurora, No. 17.5... cse 25 Puritanos, No. 40................. 64
Hidalgo, No. 18...................... 35 ——
Monsajeros De Hiram, No. 19.. 30 "Toi 2,066

The masonic work in this State of Nuevo Leon of Northern Mexico
is being developed with all activity and under the best auspices, and is
the result of an intense propaganda and a social campaign which has met
the approval of natives and foreigners.

The Craft in this State of Nuevo Leon possesses a. magnificent build-
ing located in Monterrey, in perfect good condition, with capacity for
symbolic work of any kind. At present we are holding two meetings
daily, and enthusiastic efforts are being exerted to increase,our capacity
for four lodges daily working at a time.

Our Grand Lodge supports a Children's Park for recreation exer-
cises, and affords monetary assistance to some Beneficent and Health Or-

FREEMASONRY IN MEXICO 199

ganizations, and contributes

í to solve in a direct way the problems of
those in need. :

Our Grand Lodge is planning to organize a Body of Social Female `
Workers to visit the homes of our laborers of any denomination and lec-
ture them about the aim of masonry so as to strengthen the interest and
favor that the Order has thus far gained.

THE GRAND LODGE “UNIDA MEXICANA”
VERA CRUZ, MEXICO

This Grand Lodge has applied for recognition. We have
examined its record and asked its officers for information. We
have received the following which is interesting and infor-
mative. The History prepared by the Grand Secretary of
the Grand Lodge, Unida Mexicana of Vera Cruz, was writ-
ten by him in English and is given as he sent it; the Decla-
ration of Principles is taken from a document sent us in
Spanish and this scribe is responsible for the translation here
appearing.

A SHORT HISTORY OF GRAN LOGIA “UNIDA MEXICANA”;
GR. OR DE VERA CRUZ

By GLEN S. MORA, Grand Secretary

Blue Lodges ‘‘Obreros del Templo", “Lumen” 6 “Arco Iris", pro-
perly Chartered by the Grand Lodge ''Isle de Cuba" for some time, ga-
thered January 25th, 1883 and decided to form a Grand Lodge properly
patronized and consented' by Isle de Cuba. On January 28th, 1883, ano-
ther session was called and the "Gran Logia Simbolica Independiente Mex-
icana de Libres y Aceptados Masones," was created and Grand Elections
carried out. Such action was broadcast over the world and Isle de Cuba
issued decree consenting that our Grand Lodge was Independent, sovereign
and legal for the Republic of Mexico, as no other Corporation fulfilling
requisites existed.

On June 24th, 1883, Blue Lodges ''Fraternidad", “Esperanza”,
"Xicotencatl", “Concordia”, “Progreso”, "Hijos del Silencio" gathered
in order to create a Grand Lodge because the "Supreme Consejo" had is-
sued document XXXII, May 27th, 1883, giving Blue Lodge independ-
encia in order to form Grand Lodges in first term the State of Veracruz
and the same day elected officers, etc., carrying the name: “Gran Logia del
Estado de Veracruz de Masones Libres y Aceptados", claiming that their
Lodges being in existence since 1859, should prevail and for the time be-
ing considered that the territory was legally occupied although the an-
cient form had not been fulfilled.

The following years, according to books and documents, constant
meetings were carried out to unite all the lodges and finally a "treaty

200 _ MASONIC REVIEWS

permitted that on December 24th, 1885, the two Grand Lodges men-
tioned united as one under the name of GRAN LOGIA UNIDA MEX-
ICANA DE LIBRES Y ACEPTADOS MASONES DE VERACRUZ
and covered the territory corresponding to Blue Lodge in the entire Re-
public of Mexico. Account of such a great step was also given to the
Universe.

Since then uninterruptedly we have been working, as well as chart-
ering Lodges in different parts,—exciting the Brethren to group in Grand
Lodges and our territory has been ceded until now we're have fraternal-
ly restricted ourselves to the State of Veracruz, and formed the rest of
Grand Lodges in our Country. In 1908 our Grand Lodge considered that
from Mexico City more effective work could be done and ceded to the
Gran Logia Valle de Mexico, such states lacking Grand Lodges and since
a few have been established, that is, as soon as the Brethren considered
themselves economically and Masonically strong.

THE DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
GRAN LOGIA “UNIDA MEXICANA”; GR-'.OR.'.DE VERACRUZ

1. Masonry is an organization of morality undertood as one of the
elements of the Human Ideals. Its object is to dissipate ignorance, combat
vice and inspire love for all humanity.

2. Its principles are the universal law of love and the law of na-
ture dictated for reason and defined for science. It recognizes the Su-
preme Being. It admits no differences between no men except in moral
values. It respects the opinion of others and does not tolerate within its
walls debates concerning religion or politics.

3. The Institution is one and indivisible communicating its secrets
in three degrees; Apprentice, Companion and Master Mason. It makes
use of signs, tokens, and secret words that brother may recognize brother;
and an oath which marks the character of a Mason.

4. The lawful Masonic authority does not invade occupied territory.

5. Only those may be made Masons who are free men of good habits,
adults and of sufficient intelligence to understand and to practice the se-
crets of the institution.

6. In all its working there must be present the three Great Lights of
Masonry.

7. Its principles, its means of recognition and the legend of the third
degree are unchangeable. i

8. Masonry respects the Civil and Political Government of the
country in which it is organized.

9. The government of the institution is based PUR. the right of ev-
ery Mason to participate with his vote. .

10. The Grand Master is the supreme authority of the fraternity in
each jurisdiction. He exercises the supreme power and is the presiding of-
ficer of the Grand Lodge and the particular Lodges.

FREEMASONRY IN MEXICO 201

11. The Grand Lodge is the supreme and exclusive governing body
of the Masonic fraternity in its jurisdiction and was formed by the Union
of Lodges located in the state of Veracruz, Mexico.

12. Every Mason must be a member of one Lodge, assist in its
work and take part in the program of Masonry in general.

THE GRAND LODGE OF THE STATE OF
CHIAPAS, MEXICO

This Grand Lodge, officially designated as Gran Logia
de Libres y Aceptados Masones Del Estado de Chiapas, has
its headquarters in the city of Tapachula, state of Chiapas.
Chiapas is the southernmost of all of the states of Mexico.
On its northern border, it touches the state of Tabasco, and
at one point is about 35 miles from the Gulf of Mexico.
On the south is the Pacific Ocean, along which it has some
hundred miles of beach. To the east is the Republic of Gua-
temala. The Ferrocacaril International, or International
Railway, passes through the state of Chiapas and on to
Guatemala City and to Gulf Ports.

The capital of the state is Tuxtla Guiterrez, a town
of some thirteen thousand, on the largest river but not
on the railroad. Tapachula is a town of ten thousand
people, a railroad town, not far from the sea coast, its
port being San Benito.

This Grand Lodge declares that it was formed in 1929.
The Central American influence was earlier felt in these
lodges. At the present there are nineteen lodges. Of these,
three are in the city of Tapachula, all of them using the same
postoffice box as the Grand Lodge. All of its lodges are loca-
ted in the state of Chiapas; it claims complete jurisdiction
over this state and no other territory. There is one lodge in
the capital city of Tuxtla Guiterrez, and there is one lodge
each in fifteen other towns of the state. The state is moun-
tainous rather than flat and miasmatic as are some nearby;
and the most of the lodges are in the towns near the coast.
This ‘country hides relics of some of the oldest civilization
of all of the western continent.

We find that in the nineteen lodges there are six hun-
dred members. Below is a list, with location. While some of

202 MASONIC REVIEWS

the names of towns are difficult to pronounce, we note that
there is not a Masonic lodge in the town of Pijijipan, which
when pronounced does not sound like you think it does.

Credo, No. 1 Tapachula

Juan Jose Caldaza, No. 2 Tonala
Igualidad, No. 3 Tapachula.
Soconuscom, No. 4 Tapachula

Dr. Domingo Channona, No. 5 Tuxtla Guiterrez
Silencio, No. 6 `- Huixtla

Angel Albino Coreo, No. 7 Arriaga

Faro Del Mare, No. 8 Motozintla
Junchavil, No. 9 Comitan

Socton Nandalumi, No. 10 Chiapa de Corzo
Estrella Del Sur, No. 11 Tuxtla Chico
Espiritu de Juarez, No. 12 Escuintla

Faro Del Sur, No. 13 Suchiate

Hiram Abif, No. 14 Ciudad Las Casas
Lic. Enrique Barroso, No. 15 Cacahoatah
Chiapas, No. 16 Pichucalco e
Palincensia, No. 17 3 Mapastepec
Valle de Cintalapa, No. 18 Cintalapa
Perseverancia, No. 19 Villaflores

The Grand Secretary is Jose Gomez Rodriguez, and he
gets his mail at Post Office Box 70, Tapachula; the Grand
Master is Joaquin Martinez Reyes. The only men in the
list of officers whose name suggests anything other than one
hundred per cent Spanish, are Assistant Grand Secretary
Gabriel Marin and Assistant Grand Treasurer Enrique G:
Wiencke. The Scottish Rite work is used, as in all of the
Grand Lodges of Latin America save of foreign influence.
There is a system of District Deputies, which officers are pro-
bably necessary to maintain any solidarity where transpor-
tation is not the best in the world. The last of these on the
list is Carlos Backenhaus.

CONCLUDING REMARKS 203

CONCLUDING REMARKS

These Reviews have been prepared under conditions most
unusual, and the writer most sincerely apologizes for the re-
sult. It is only hoped that despite the extraordinary circum-
stances attendant upon their appearance, the thoughts ex-
pressed herein may not be without value to the reader.

Your Fraternal Correspondent is not unmindful of the
fact that, no matter how much the general Reviews of the
work of the Grand Lodges of the United States may prevail
to produce items of interest, nevertheless this scribe is expec-
ted to be a real "Foreign Correspondent". Twelve years ago
we formulated a set of minimal essentials required in any
Masonic Grand Body which is to be in relations of Masonic
amity with us; and since that time our lines have been laid
largely in the field of foreign Freemasonry. In those twelve
years we have seen practically every Masonic Grand Lodge
in the world come within the fold of what we call Masonic
regularity excepting alone those of the French-Belgian sys-
tem, which renounce requirements of belief in the Supreme
Being and use of the Holy Writings on their altars. Many
have been the changes in the Masonic structure of the various
political divisions. We have seen every country in South
America show us a Masonic organization adopting our stan-
dards. Even in Brazil the old Grand Orient is paralleled by
a strong group of Grand Lodges of the States, each of which
uses our standards verbatim, translated into Portuguese.

American Grand Lodges as a rule manifest a dominating
indifference to their sister Grand Lodges which use languages
other than English. They do not care whether these are regu-
lar or not; they shrug their shoulders, go their way and tac-
itly take the attitude, "What do we care about them, any
way?” This explains why so many of these Grand Lodges
had standards unacceptable to ours. Once a considerable
group of American Grand Lodges showed real interest in
these smaller bodies speaking Spanish and French and Por-
tuguese, they set about to find what we desired; and, once
having made the discovery, hastened to conform strictly to
it. Our friends of the Scottish Rite have rendered signal ser-

vice in this connection also.

204 MASONIC REVIEWS

In this volume we continue that study of Mexican Ma-
sonry which was begun by us in 1935. Strange it is that the
Grand Lodges of the United States and of Europe knew ab-
solutely nothing about ‘Masonry in Mexico even a few years
ago, except only the York Grand Lodge of foreigners and
the Grand Lodge Valle de Mexico, which became more con-
spicuous than it deserved to be. If we can collect some relia-
ble and first hand information about real Masonic conditions
in Mexico, we shall do a distinct service to the cause. If, in-
deed, we can come to a more nearly correct understanding of
Mexico in its economic, educational and political aspects, we
have done a good deed. Not more than a few days ago we
found a copy of “School and Society,” in which Julian
Aronson in the "Special Correspondence" columns has a
most illuminating article which will be read with great in-
terest. It is signed by Julian Aronson, and is as follows:

THE MURDER OF MEXICAN TEACHERS

On Tuesday night, September 15 of this year, twenty-five bandits
swooped down upon the village of Cardenas, in the state of Guanajuato,
Mexico, and carried off Maria Flores Zavala and her aged mother. Both
their bodies were later found hanging from a tree. Both had been out-
raged and mutilated by the bandits. Senorita Zavala had taught school
in the village. The Times correspondent reporting this incident from
Mexico City makes note of three other attacks upon teachers in the
same neighborhood within the last twelve months.

Murderous attacks upon Mexican school-teachers in rural areas have
been going on since early last year. The Minister of Education in the
Federal District reports more than a hundred cases of murder and mu-
tilation since the inauguration of the educational program under Presi-
dent Cardenas. In January of last year Moises A. Hernandez was as-
sassinated in the state of Queretaro. Three months later, in the same state,
Enrique Rodriguez met his death at the hands of an unidentified mob.
In Morelos, Silvestre Gonzalez, Gilberto Mendez, Facundo Bovadilla
and Leodegario Solis were killed. In Puebla, Salustio Miranda, Carlos
Sayago, Carlos Pastrana and Librado Labastida were killed. In Jalisco,
Apolonio Gonzalez, Alfonso Negrete and Ramiro Martinez were mur-
dered. All over Mexico, in the states of Campeche, Vera Cruz, Oaxaca,
Nayarit, Tamaulipas, Durango, rural teachers have been baited and des-
troyed by bands of murderous cristeros, sometimes, as in the Vera Cruz
cases, with the known assistance of the mayor of the town. Few of
the murderers have so far been apprehended. Nobody talks. Like south-
ern lynchings, the murder is considered a communal responsibility with an
unwritten code of silence. For that matter the inbred suspiciousness of
the Indian of any federal investigation is enough to frustrate any desire

CONCLUDING REMARKS 205

to volunteer information. The teacher is an outsider and outsiders are
anathema to the community.

Before we sketch the motives behind the killings of teachers we must
summarize the educational background of Mexico. Illiteracy in Mexico
has always been an appalling problem. She probably leads the New
World in the number who can neither read nor write. The clericals un-
til recently dominated her schools, and nobody has yet accused a Mexi-
can bishop of trying to teach his flock the first letters of the alphabet.
Ignorance and obedience have always been the fundamental precepts of
medieval church doctrine, and Mexico until recently was still a medieval
country. Instead of bothering with literacy, the bishops emphasized reli-
gious ritual and decent respect for authority. Even with independence
the church, throughout the nineteenth century, continued in control of
the peons' education without a revision of methods to harmonize more
closely with the principles of republicanism. If education had become a
state function, the actual instruction was still in the hands of priests and
nuns who made the most of the Indians’ gullibility. This state of edu-
cation remained, with only the slightest modifications, right through the
days of Diaz and the Madero and Carranza revolutions.

When Madero published his famous handbook on Mexican politics,
"La Sucesion Presidencial en 1910,’’ it stated that in the year 1900 84
per cent of the people could neither read nor write. Even during the
prosperous imperialism of Porfirio Diaz, from 1900 to 1910, only a
2 per cent increase in literacy was recorded. It was then a commonplace
that to keep the Indian submissive was to keep him ignorant. Who but
the church had the experience and magnificent equipment for keeping the
peon wrapped in a serape woven of ignorance and dyed in superstition?
Who but the church succeeded so well in tightening the shackles first
forged by the conquistadores?

From the time of Diaz's downfall to the assassination of Carranza
virtual anarchy reigned in Mexico. The well-intentioned program of Ma-
dero came to naught when the Huerta reaction set in. Education was
pushed back into the Dark Ages and whatever instruction remained was
religious in character. Religious or not, it was better than no schooling
at all. In the meantime the military robber-bands, headed by treacherous
generals, pillaged and sacked the countryside. Finally, General Obregon
elected himself president in 1920. The anti-clerical Obregon, inspired
by Madero, took the Constitution of 1917 seriously and prepared to te-
turn the vast private haciendas of Mexico back to their original owners,
the Indians. At the same time he moved his guns against the clandestine
holdings of the church. For this strong anti-clerical feeling he was later,
in 1928, to pay with his life.

A new land policy required an equally new policy in education. The
peon with his ejido had to be made literate enough to understand the
new agrarian policy so that his loyalty to the new reform administration
would become unswerving. He had to be taught the principles of the re-
volution with its anti-clerical bias. He had to be weaned away from the
reactionary influence of the village padre. Only the widespread establish-
ment of elementary schools could cope with the new situation. Thus

206 MASONIC REVIEWS

we note the following expenditures from Gruening’s ‘‘Mexico and Its Heri-
tage": (p. 517). In 1921, fifteen million pesos; in 1922, thirty mil-
lion; in 1923, thirty-five million, and in 1924, because of the de la
Huerta rebellion, a drop to twenty-five million pesos. The Calles gov-
ernment continued the good work in opening agricultural schools and
encouraged to some extent the educational ideas first advanced by Jose
Vasconcelos and Manuel Gamio. But, all in all, the money expended
for education remained inadequate not only to maintain the schools al-
ready in existence but to inaugurate thousands of new centers of in-
struction.

If, in the light of the burden of illiteracy and ignorance the educa-
tional budget under Calles was insignificant, the sentiment for educa-
tional reform increased by leaps and bounds after Obregon was assas-
sinated and Calles turned Tory landlord. In fact the incfeased misery
brought about by the depression proved strong enough recently to chase
Calles out of his vast haciendas and make President Cardenas throw in
his lot with the radical labor unions. To show the way the reform winds
were blowing before this happened, the intellectual and labor leaders
of Mexico, under the sponsorship of the National Revolutionary Party,
called a convention in 1933 to take inventory and decide upon a new
course of action to guide the country out of the severe economic depres-
sion. A Six Year Plan was finally adopted to be carried out during
the incumbency of President Cardenas.

We are, of course, only interested in the educational phases of the
plan. It stressed compulsory: education for everybody of primary school
age. All schools, state and federal, were to be centralized under the
supervision of the minister of education in Mexico City. Cooperation of
state and municipally was to be sought to shoulder some of the expense
connected with nation-wide education. New schools were to be opened
at the rate of about 2,000 a year for the duration of the plan. Provisions
were to be made for the training of teachers. The entire project was to
be supervised by the Department of Public Education under the separate
council of rural education. Fifteen per cent of the country's budget was
to be devoted to education with a 1 per cent increase every year until a
maximum of 20 per cent was reached in 1940.

The Ministry of Education seized upon the plan with rhetorical
enthusiasm and launched itself into the campaign to educate Mexico.
Teachers, poorly trained but with missionary zeal, were hired to spread
the word among the hundreds of forgotten pueblos. They were paid the
paltry wage of two pesos per day, given numbers for identification, cau-
tioned to be diplomatic and dispatched to pueblos that still remained
oblivious of the wonderful plan to increase their intelligence. Some of
these villages, stuck away in the mountains and valleys of Mexico, nev-
er had had any contact with the outside world since the time of Juarez.
Some of them knew only the gun-toting politico who came around look-
ing for taxes or the bedraggled soldier eager for women and loot. The
padre had always cautioned them against federal teachers. Were they not
Atheists and Protestants in league with the devil to poison their children’s
minds against them? If the padre was still in hiding, he came out long

CONCLUDING REMARKS 207

enough to remind the villagers of their duty to God and their children
Suffice it to say that the minds of the peons were corrupted beyond imme-
. diate remedy when the harmless teacher, basket in hand, letter of intro-
duction in pocket, first rode into the average Mexican pueblo.

Beside the more obvious religious Persecution of the teacher, there
existed the more powerful economic motives. Hacienda proprietors and
rancheros saw in the teachers’ arrival the same threat to profits an open
shop employer might see in the arrival of a C. I. O. organizer. The
teacher, once he became a part of the community, would excite the peon
to demand better working conditions and more money. His children
might be taken out of the labor market and sent to school. This might
affect the wage scale. If the villager had his own ejido he might want
his children to help him in the fields instead of bothering with school.
To sabotage the teacher was an easy matter. First the community would
decide not to send its children to school on a saint’s day. Then children
would be encouraged to stay away for no reason at all. If some par-
rents cooperated with the teacher despite the padre’s warning, the local
ranchero would organize a band of religious fanatics to raid the school,
burn all books and supplies and leave a skull and bone warning of dire
consequences to come if the teacher didn’t leave the community to its
own ways.

We are inclined to minimize the government’s accent on revolution-
ary socialism as being the important reason for the persecution of Mex-
ican teachers. The baiting of federal officials did not begin with the Car-
denas regime. It is an old malady rising to fever heat every time a
reform administration attempts to heal the ignorance of its people. But
never before has it broken out so virulently and with so many cases of
mutilation and murder. From our own modest observations in several
schools, whose nearness to the Federal District would permit the teach-
er to preach radical doctrine in perfect safety, the much bruited revo-
lutionary ideology turned out to be harmless stuff. The teacher came
out against pulque and germs. Beyond the fancy revolutionary names
painted over the school entrance and the doughy rhetoric which Mexican
educators beat out like tortillas and the occasional quotations from Marx
and Lenin to be found in the text-books, most of the teaching wouldn't
give an Iowan superintendent pause. At its most radical point it resem-
bles the New Deal's talk about the Forgotten Man.

While visiting the school at Tepoztlan we asked the head maestro,
Vicente Campos, what he thought about the latest educational ideology.
His reply was: “Here in Tepozlan the agrarista movement was strong
and now the people have their land. It would be impossible for me to
talk of collectivization even though the land is thought of communally.
The people want their children to learn. We teach them cooperative
living and we encourage them to sing songs and take pride in their In-
dian origins. Any revolutionary talk now would be superfluous and be-
yond my duties as a respected member of the community.

We know that the deep conservatism of the peon can not be breached

by a frontal attack aimed with Marxian artillery, and we have some-
what discounted the religious prejudices of the isolated communities.

208 MASONIC REVIEWS

What remains is the fundamental economic barriers to all educational
progress. Will a peon listen to the blandishments of improvement for his
children when he himself is blinded by poverty and sickness? The school
will not help him out of his fear of starvation. Why should he trouble
himself with feeding and clothing his children when he could utilize
their labor for something more productive. The fact is the more back-
ward the community, the greater the extent of persecution of the teach-
er. Give the peon a fair share of well-being and he would be glad ta
see his children off to school every morning. He would never tolerate
the cutthroat crísteros and would take steps to organize a militia for the
defense of the school. His very apathy toward the atrocities, assuming
he took no part in the lynching, indicates his reaction to rural education.
He has no use for it. He sees only mischief afoot to alienate his children
and increase his despair. ‘The schools of Mexico can only follow general
economic improvement. They can not lift Mexico by its bootstraps.

PART THREE
Statistical Tables
TABLE 1—Consolidated Statistical Table of Masonry in
the United States and the Associated Organizations

TABLE 2—Membership in Grand Lodges Arranged in Or-
der of Magnitude

TABLE 3—Percentage of Net Loss to Master Masons

TABLE 4—Percentage Relation of Raised to Number on
Rolls

TABLE 5—Number of Suspensions and Exclusions Per
Hundred Master Masons

TABLE 6—Percentage Relation that Affiliations Bear to
Demissions

TABLE 7—Mortality Table Among Master Masons, 1936

TABLE 8—Percentage of Master Masons that are Royal
Arch Masons

TABLE 9—Percentage of Master Masons That Are Knights
Templar

TABLE 10—Percentage of Masons Who Are Shriners

TABLE 11—Percentage Relation, Knights Templar to Ro-
yal Arch Masons

TABLE 12—MYystic Shrine

210 MASONIC REVIEWS

STATISTICAL PAGES

In the following pages we present the story of Masonry
statistically. There are those who seriously ask, “Is it wise to
release in semi-public manner Masonic statistics under the un-
usual conditions which have for some years prevailed?” Cer-
tainly the whole and therefore authentic Masonic story can-
not be told in figures. It is equally certain, however, that
some valuable lessons are available to him who studies them.
It is also true that, even admitting that the statistical picture
is not comforting, it is quite unwise for us to play the ostrich,
hide our thinking capacities in the sands of darkness and ig-
norance.

. Just to prove these points, let us examine the mortality
table. From this we discovered that today in Masonry we
are dealing with a group of men some eight years older on the
average. than we were wont to consider before the Depression.
Well, now, that is significant. If it is true that, paraphrasing
the immortal William Cullen Bryant:

“To him who in love of Masonry holds
Communion with her visible forms, she speaks
A various language; for her gayer. hours

She has a voice of gladness, and a smile

And eloquence of beauty, and she glides

Into his darker musings, with a mild

And healing sympathy, that steals away
Their sharpness, ete he is aware. When thoughts
Of the last bitter hour come like a blight
Over thy spirit, and sad images

Of the stern agony, and shroud, and pall,
And breathless darkness, and the narrow house,
Make thee to shudder and grow sick at heart;
Go'forth, under the starry canopy and list

To Masonry’s teachings".

then it is equally true that Masonry must now
present that sublime thought to a man eight years nearer the
final dissolution to a man who sees it eight years more vi-
vidly. Truly Masonry has to present her "various langu-
age" to a different man. Therefore her "visible forms"

ND ADSULIATED ORGANIZATIONS

E
| TEMPLAR ORDER EASTERN STAR
Y bi o n D
di S | 3
o H E
H ui B 13 A ER |
EE a o 5
z 8 vd Ed H
E a | s8 | 8 Z 5
Z S 58 a , ER
g “o | 5a J £ E E
| § 9 o S Os
roO à ofi t m^
o o b. Q o
ak 9 El A
| g 5 Zë m 5 Be
|o 2 ex a a KE
| B| B EENEG
H m = O r^
i 2 Z ZT Z E 20
———- — = ALTRO r Uf "PES IU EN, a eicit
! 16 17 18 19 20 n |
Le ET ee es TEE nus
Gebei
j 28 2,814 307 197 9,814 | 670 || Alabama
Aabe T| 9] 48 31 5,031 106 || Arizona
Arkansa| 2. | _1,464 | *3 18$ 10,748 | 61 || Arkansas
liforni 82 | 11267 625 489 96,643 1,817 || California
See 36| enl 147 122 | 21,701 | 703 || Colorado
|
4 12| 5,068 | 359 99 27,430 676 || Connecticut
nM X 715 | 18 13 1,706 89 || Delaware
Neie: 6| 2274 69 40 | 10,947 178 || District of Columbia
E | 34| 2415 d 155 12,723 | — 247 || Florida
a- 33[| 30 | 111 6,947 | 752 || Georgia
Georgia. | | |
Ho. 15] OM 60 70 | — 7,360 | 87 || Idaho
Idaho--- — 84 | 24,01 | 2,694 | 848| 154054| 9,661 || Ill'nois
Hiünols- oi 9,035 582 450 76,372 | 1,098 || Indiana
Indiana. 67 | 7,183 | 476 | 469 | 67,770 | 2,376 || Iowa
Iowa---. 59| 8,171 601 391 54,860 | 1273 || Kansas
Kansas- | | d
j 37 4,432 367 288 19,073 | 1.301 || Kentucky
Kentuch, -18 |- dn 93 166 | 13,533 725 || Louisiana
Louisiat 24| 6,553 293 189 32,411 882 || Maine
Maine-- 15, 3,804 206 94 | 12,463 327 || Maryland
Maryan 47 į 15,195 | 919 205 54,980 2,334 || Massachusetts
; ¿53| 11,407 | 845 464 | 82,977 | 9,345 || Michigan
Michiga! 39| SL 363 293 | 46,305 | 1.458 || Minnesota
pinned Ser -1,583 13 191 | — 8917 363 || Mississippi
MESUNME 65 | 9,247 606 527 63,978 | 2,644 || Missouri
Missouri 23| 1,834 129 114 16,210 246 || Montana
Montani i |
| 29| 2815} 251 259 | 32,224 | 1,480 | Nebraska
Nebrask — e 337 39 20 | 72793 27 || Nevada
Nevada. 11| 2,312 131 62 | 12077 220 1 New Hampshire
New Ha 99] 5,515 467 251 | 52.665 | 1.329 || New Jersey
Nev XM 38 976 19 48 5,162 | 60 || New Mexico
e
e 2 2.797 845 | 131,348 | 4,567 || New York |
New Yc a KN | 338 100 5,389 43 || Nortb Carolina
North C 14, 1368| 109 110 3,856 531 || North Dakota
North 3 79 | 24635 | 2243 511 | 112140 | 2,009 || Ohio
out 43| 4084 249 370 | 344711 | 15533 || Oklahoma
; 590 203 147 | 22,899 999 | Oregon ` `
Oregon- 93 30.982 | 2,031 471 82.660 | 2,787 || Pennsylvania
Pennsyl 7| 4093; 180 24 7,616 249 || Rhode Island
Rhode | 16] 1,35) 133 il 3.469 57 || South Carol.na
South j 23 2,248 217 161 16,441 636 || South Dakota
ou á i d
| 398 | 276 231 | 17,158 | + 490 || Tennessee
Tenness 23l 0298| al om 50016 | 1,305 || Texas
Texas- Si OTT SH 19; 2,018| 164 || Utah
Utah--- ul 2,784 | 157 93 11945 | 452 || Vermont
vermon 32 | 5155| 382 101 | 9,024 222 || Virginia
irginiz | | |
sb 29 278 220 | 33,108; 303 | Washington
Washin 95 | 315 110; 14455 367 || West Virginia
West Vi 43 | 292 270 | 50.691 | 1,490 || Wiscensin
Wiscon 16 64 4l | 6.318 | . 233 | Wyoming ` ` e
Wyomirn .. "T. i T : i i
| 1.559 | 295.778 | 21,922 || 11.344 | 1.646.146 | 60,883 |

210 MASONIC REVIEWS

STATISTICAL PAGES

In the following pages we present the story of Masonry
statistically. There are those who seriously ask, ‘‘Is it wise to
release in semi-public manner Masonic statistics under the un-
usual conditions which have for some years prevailed?” Cer-
tainly the whole and therefore authentic Masonic story can-
not be told in figures. It is equally certain, however, that
some valuable lessons are available to him who studies them.
It is also true that, even admitting that the statistical picture
is not comforting, it is quite unwise for us to play the ostrich,
hide our thinking capacities in the sands of darkness and ig-
norance.

. Just to prove these points, let us examine the mortality
table. From this we discovered that today in Masonry we
are dealing with a group of men some eight years older on the
average.than we were wont to consider before the Depression.
Well, now, thát is significant. If it is true that, paraphrasing
the immortal William Cullen Bryant:

“To him who in love of Masonry holds
Communion with her visible forms, she speaks
A various language; for her gayer. hours

She has a voice of gladness, and a smile

And eloquence of beauty, and she glides

Into his darker musings, with a mild

And healing sympathy, that steals away
Their sharpness, ere he ts aware. When thoughts
Of the last bitter hour come like a blight
Over thy spirit, and sad images

Of the stern agony, and shroud, and pall,
And breathless darkness, and the narrow house,
Make thee to shudder and grow sick at heart;
Go forth, under the starry canopy and list

To Masonry’s teachings".

then it is equally true that Masonry must now
present that sublime thought to a man eight years nearer the
final dissolution to a man who sees it eight years more vi-
vidly. Truly Masonry has to present her "various langu-

”

age" to a different man. Therefore her ‘‘visible forms"

LADLI

I— UUI DULIVA L GU SLALISTICA]

SYMBOLIC FREEMASONRY

E 8 ES

> 2

g E a

d S ae 1

p a go

SS 3 99 a a | 8

ST y Ss S 8 213

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T o o E "9 a E '

KE S 38 E S 3 In

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SS E In $ G 8 | 8

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D 9 2 d 2 Q È E.

B s g e B g g g g

28 2 ® o 3 E 5 3

u SA Z zu Z zZ Z, Z

|
1 | 2 3 4 5 | 6
a |

Alabama-.-------------------- 485 28,611 796 | 586 1,109 | 420
Ari ZONA erem mam ith nmm 39 5,709 192 113 | 36 49
Arkansas- ..----------------- 462 23,497 1,101 690 624 308
California------------------- 580 129,326 3,005 | 2,293 846 1,099
Colorado....-.-------------- 147 31,091 | 795 405 423 204
Connecticut 128 38,285 1,439 460 | 52 225
Delaware....------- --------- 22 5,734 84 48 14 5
District of Columbia-------- 44 20,486 183 397 185 161
Florida........-.------------ 227 20,300 635 445 361 218
Gegen gebeten: 524 41,736 1,465 904 554 569
Tëlee eelere EES 81 9,135 391 168 78 98

Dlinois..-------------------- 1,092 | 201,233 | 15,692 | 2,081 1,445 2,273 ]
Tndiana--.<-=---s-s=ss=2+--— 556 113,945 3,735 2,550 595 1,091
oe eege er ue eae racc: 555 71,398 3,422 1,663 665 1,134
EE gege 448 63,820 | 1,660 1,034 | 440 531
Kentücky..uos-o ee dep seur es 534 | 44017 2,848 807 328 453
Louisiana_------------------- 264 21,507 595 447 231 | 240
MET 207 37,742 | 1,259 603 106 182
Maryland... 22522500262 122 30,606 1,007 | 304 83 205
Massachusetts......-------.- 322 | 110,334 4,079 1,184 1,149 1,033
Michigan....---------------- 508 | 123,454 6,703 1,565 459 195
Minnesota 397 | 51,574 2,029 670 430 584
Mississippi- - 343 20,430 | 167 715 531 458
Missouri... 644 99,328 2,862 1,688 569 779
Montana_-.------------------- 135 18,321 458 313 150 180

|
Nebraska_------------------- 291 | 35,043 2,049 502 240 339
Re eege 25 3,032 | 12 80 26 15
New Hampshire.....-------- 81 14,022 | 315 192 235 60
New: Jersey 2s seen mens 284 85,870 4,124 975 203 436
New Mexico----------------- 55 5,796 128 177 108 93
New Xon eE 1,024 | 278,238 | 14,165 3,592 593 958
North Carolina 350 27,448 844 558 424 333
North Dakota--------------- 129 12,600 820 173 135 227
Ohids aa e 623 177,092 5,146 2,654 574 1,095
Oklahomg 435 | 48,058 720 | 707 | 593 519
|
Oreeton mu usc nee c ee 174 25,895 1,246 | 303 | 266 | 91
Pennsylvania...-.-..-------- 587 188,829 5,903 1,892 | 632 309
Rhode Island............--- 43 17,462 507 204 221 | 70
South Carolina....-...-----. 284 17,056 790 | 615 274 428
South Dakota. 179 | 16,684 747 | 232 139 | 216
Tennesseen resni 447 | 38,933 1,876 | 798 496 | 805
NEE 1,269 105,144 4,992 2,284 1,359 | 1,460
Utah. ees ee ees 26 4,580 | 84 86 38 | 41
Vermont.izz----—-22L2L2- 103 | 17.987 533 292 54 | 152
EH eege 347 41,887 1,908 586 230 | 509
j | |

Washington. iisisssionss 268 | 42,229 1,882 | 547 | 281 345
West Virginia--------------- 185 | 30,697 331 611 | 134, 14
WISCONSIN. c.c. -2-xC 312 | 54433 | 1,887 833 | 310 531

Wyoming..------------------ 48 7,884 | 93| ipt] 300] =

TORATE vu duet eme _ | 16,223 | 2,653,493 i 197,711 | 41244 ' 19,070 | 21916 ! !

Gain instead of Loss.
** No Bodies in State.

Compiled by J. Edward Allen, Warrenton, N. C.

TABLE OF MASONRY IN THE UNITED STATES Al

CAPITULAR

CRYPTIC

'

La +H H DH D
P S E Q b u Q
d z E S H n Po i H
E n fü a 5 | 3 9 Og |
E CN io . a 39 ei E Arm |
9 og ui o Boe d tn à
a B9 | n bi 5 BE a S 38
a 2 S 4 Q M Zi o 2 qd
su | $ 8 8 E 8 | 45 |I
t Q a D 2 o 2 d d
d Ag G EK 8 o og
- o O ua [v HO ut
fd 5 E o 4 E à 4 ER
E-] Boo D EK EE
2 | 82) ge] & | 8 | El og os | Big
iB) Ba | Ba | B | B | sh | B | B. siis
A zs | 23 z A zu z & | zw
i £L
7 | 8 9 10 11 12 13 | 14 15
R | | |
| | |
1964 | 2,276 576 || 56 4,074 619 18 | 1,261 | 91 || |
252 69 110 12 873 99 6 394 18
4,071 1,395 421 60 4,260 638 33 1,510 72
,633 2,413 2,028 130 | 21,147 3,200 33 7,573 714
656 83 572 | 51 6,630 292 15 1,837 242
f i |
,139 | 90 677 | 46 | 13,169 1,036 24 9,244 481 ll |
55 14 100 5 1,544 141 3 220 1
603 319 320 16 4,735 61 -6 1,054 26
,243 488 370 45 3,430 233 19 886 40
1,476 848 726 104 6,404 788 63 2,847 486 || |
| Il |
390 56 150 23 2,033 99 4 411 | Al"
1,345 885 3,466 231 | 55,225 1.992 69 | 15,667 2,381
„270 316 1,835 115 | 24,874 1,566 75 | 15,517 1,090
3,623 731 1,190 117 | 15,868 1,892 41 4,885 555
1,548 940 1,032 | 98 |. 12,159 140 20 | 3,484 | 464 ||
|
1,654 938 166 123 | 10,448 189 43 2,536 | 217 |
,610 887 346 59 4,508 498 12 851 55 |
,149 165 801 68 | 12,749 846 18 5,168 626
880 113 515 || 26 1,403 643 16| 3,720 329
,860 128 1,978 97 | 31290 2,434 38 | 10,860 814
3,007 377 2,135 163 | 32,971 3,210 63 7,760 936
1,893 124 776 87 | 12.978 825 9 2,173 164
,931 1,740 321 || 58 2,938 | 91 38 | 1,724 58 ||
„079 1,319 1,583 109 | 18,670 1,655 22 4,617 542
589 155 308 36 3,482 258 10 690 73
4111 306 646 55 5,870 464 21 2,332 240
74 14 43 || 9 564 52 4 127 *1 |
234 |. 28 282 26 4,405 237 15 2,591 263
1,683 171 1,321 58 | 14,894 1,244 15 2,831 368
31 148 99 14 1,294 63 1 125 63
KEN 719 5,569 225 | 48,586 3,922 47 | 9,582 851 |
1,241 399 465 50 3,686 329 24; 1,226 | 72
705 | 97 214 25 2,356 274 9 574 81
3,883 2,362 2,765 208 | 55,403 5,175 97 | 30,346 4,112
3,833 3,120 736 67 6,647 422 30 2,419 87
|
59 | 248 440 | 50 5,494 363 15 | 1,609 | 159
1012, e ege 3,213 153 | 49,154 4,664 39 | 18,352 1,081
403 12 276 16 9,505 367 8 4,425 108
7 2,110 308 33 2,059 159 37 1,469 223
198 164 239 38 3,554 424 7 825 127
|
2,262 541 635 I 18 5.874 444 17 1,316 17
1,505 2,514 1,499 |! 265 | 28,065 1,722 257 | 24,481 1,483
118 | 21 70 7 1,232 *26 3 532 *69
350 | 9 315 29 4,86 282 15 1,614 81
1,535 | 176 656 72 | 12,325 | 806 LEN PNE
|
1012, 380 714 54 6,598 613 17 2,352 137
175 229 453 45 51 9,041 WI INS ERR TEN
1,984 | 261 737 113 | 20,009 1,327 31 6,796 467
171 32 113 || 18 1,834 | 64 3 229 | gi
3,463 | 30,821 | 45,000 3,639 | 608,592 | 63,077 1.493 | 223.552 | 20,433

STATISTICAL TABLES 2]1

must of course emphasize different matters. It is worth

while to keep these things in mind. We learn sometimes
from statistics.

Again, we learn from statistics that the losses from sus-
pensions are on the wane. This is comforting. It enables us
to emphasize other matters. So also, we learn that restora-
tions are growing in numbers. Here we learn something of
tremendous value. We can get these men to be restored; but
what next? Are then these to be severely let alone? Can
we not utilize them, make them really an integral part of
our plan, give them by participation something of Masonic
Education? We have long ago come to believe, that Masonic
Education consists in no small part of Masonic participation.

Then, too, we have debunked some notions about the
so-called "higher bodies". These indeed have suffered more
severely than have the Symbolic Lodges in the Depression.
Their activities toward restorations are vitally aiding the
lodges. They don’t hurt Freemasonry. Much that was
written about ‘“‘Masonic Barnacles’’ might well have been
written about Masonic lodges which had thousands of mem-
bers who had nothing to do in these lodges and sought
means of Masonic expression elsewhere—the existence of
the ‘‘Barnacles’’ was an indictment of Masonic practices in
some places. The fact that shines out is, that Masonry is
a philosophy of life and these groups which are howled at
as "barnacles" are a means of interpreation further, or of
expression, of that Masonic philosophy in the life of the
individual—whether we like that expression or not. Some-
thing in the Masonic system must have a “voice of gladness
for his gayer hours". If this something is in what may be
called ‘‘barnacles’’, and not elsewhere, whose fault is it?

In the hope that there may be found something worth
while in these tables, we present them. As conditions grow
more nearly stable, we shall add to our list of statistical
tables, which we have for several years abbreviated.

210 MASONIC REVIEWS

STATISTICAL PAGES

In the following pages we present the story of Masonry
statistically. There are those who seriously ask, ‘‘Is it wise to
release in semi-public manner Masonic statistics under the un-
usual conditions which have for some years prevailed?” Cer-
tainly the whole and therefore authentic Masonic story can-
not be told in figures. It is equally certain, however, that
some valuable lessons are available to him who studies them.
It is also true that, even admitting that the statistical picture
is not comforting, it is quite unwise for us to play the ostrich,
hide our thinking capacities in the sands of darkness and ig-
norance.

. Just to prove these points, let us examine the mortality
table. From this we discovered that today in Masonry we
are dealing with a group of men some eight years older on the
average.than we were wont to consider before the Depression.
Well, now, that is significant. If it is true that, paraphrasing
the immortal William Cullen Bryant:

“To him who in love of Masonry holds
Communion with her visible forms, she speaks
A various language; for her gayer. hours

She has a voice of gladness, and a smile

And eloquence of beauty, and she glides

Into his darker musings, with a mild

And healing sympathy, that steals away
Their sharpness, ete he is aware. When thoughts
Of the last bitter hour come like a blight
Over thy spirit, and sad images

Of the stern agony, and shroud, and pall,
And breathless darkness, and the narrow house,
Make thee to shudder and grow sick at heart;
Go'forth, under the starry, canopy and list

To Masonry’s teachings".

then it is equally true that Masonry must now
present that sublime thought to a man eight years nearer the
final dissolution to a man who sees it eight years more vi-
vidly. Truly Masonry has to present her “various langu-

zt

age" to a different man. Therefore her ‘“‘visible forms"

IND AONYNVULALWY N7AVAXTZALNALZ4ZA LLU

1
i

| TEMPLAR ORDER EASTERN STAR
| 2 3 g d A
H * 2, o ER
i M £ 2 2
| 9 nl £
i uu B T S o
[A d Oo =
T D d
E a [| ag E 3 á
[3] o
(08 | g | se i 5 ? | sP
E “M | Se | 8 B ER
o E ofi t n
Ó o 3 E g ne
nd i 8
s | s | 88 | x s | 8
£ E ZE E E $2
E E ph g D od
P D os le EI 9
z Z Se | Z ad E
16 17 18 19 | 20 | 2
d f NIN "
E UT S |
28 | 2,814 307 197 9,814 670 || Al
Alabamd , || Alabama
Arizona. 7 5936 | 48 37 5,081 106 || Arizona
Arkansa| 2! 1,464 *3 138 10,748 | 61 || Arkansas
Californi 65 | 11,267 625 439 96,643 1,817 || California
Colorade 36| 3,661 147 122 | 21,701 703 || Colorado
! | |
! 12| 5,068 359 99 27,430 676 || C tic
nect 27, | Connecticut
ME 1 715 18 13 1,706 | 89 || Delaware
District | 6| 2,274 | 69 40 10,947 | — 178 || District of Columbia
Florida. 34] 2.475 160 155 | 13,733 247 || Florida
Georgia. 33 | 3,094 260 111 | 6,947 | 752 || Georgia
| |
Idaho... 5! „1151 60 70 7,360 87 || Idaho
Iiinois. 4| 24601 | 2,694 848 | 154,054 | 9,661 || Ilinois
Indiana 61 | 9,015 582 450 76,372 1,098 || Indiana
peoples E 7,183 476 469 67,779 | 2,376 || Iowa
Kansas] 9 | 8,171 601 391 54,860 | 1,273 || Kansas
o T 4,482 367 288 | 19,073 | 1,301 || Kentucky
e 19 1,507 93 166 13,533 | 725 || Louisiana
ipsu 24. BM 293 189 32,411 882 || Maine
Marylan 15! 290 206 94| 12,463 327 || Maryland
Marye 41| 15,195 ag 208 54,980 | 2,334 || Massachusetts
| |
wes 093 | 11,407 845 464 82,977 | 9,345 || Michi
j 3 , 3 gan
Minneso 39| 6111| 363 293 | 46,305 | 1,458 || Minnesota
Mississiy 26| 1533|. 13 191 8,917 363 || Mississippi
Missouri 65| 9.247 606 527 63,978 | 2,644 || Missouri
Montani 23 1,834 | 129 114 | 16,210 246 || Montana
| 29 {| 2815| 251 259 | 32,224 | 1,480 || Nebraska
sk | ; d
Pene 6 337 39 20 | 2,793 27 | Nevada
New Ha 1. 2,312 131 62 | 12,077 220 | New Hampshire
New Je) 29| 5515| 467 251 52,665 | 1,329 || New Jersey
New Me !? 976 19 48 | 5,162 60 || New Mexico
|
New yo 76] 24276 | 2,797 845 | 131,348 | 4,567 || New York
North C 35 2,677 338 100 5,389 43 || North Carolina
North I 14| Läpp 109 110 3,856 531 | North Dakota
Ohio... 79| 24635| 2243 511 | 112,140 | 2,009 || Ohio
Okighor 43 4084 249 370 34,471 | 1,533 || Oklahoma
|
Geroni 21 | ag) 203 147 22,899 999 || Oregon
Pennsyl 95 | 30,982 2,031 471 82,662 2,787 || Pennsylvania
Ehode | 7| 4,023} 180 24 7,616 | 249 || Rhode Island
South € 16| 135) 133 "1j 3460 | 57 || South Carcl.na
South 1 23| 2248| 217 161 16,441 636 || South Dakota
; 25| 2398| 276 231 | 17,158 | + 499 || Tennessee
SS |
Dër 85 | 10,298 571 600 50,616 1,398 || Texas
Utah. ] 6| 877 "4l 19; 2,018 | 164 | Utah
Vermon 14 2,784 157 93 ; 11,945 | 452 || Vermont
virginia 32! 5,155! 382 101; 9.024, 222 | Virginia
t II
nini 27! 3,739 278 220; 35,108; 303 ; Washington
vee vl 2b | -4838 315 110; 14455 | 367 || West Virginia
Wiscons 48 | 9,238 292 270 | 50,691; 1,490 || Wisccnsin
Wyomir. 16 7 1,302 SAS 64 ADT a 6.318 | 233 li Wyoming _ Gre
WEE M i i |
.659 | 295.778 | 21,922 || 11.344 | 1,646,146 | 60,883 |

|
TOTAL

STATISTICAL TABLES 211

must of course emphasize different matters. It is worth

while to keep these things in mind. We learn sometimes
from statistics.

Again, we learn from statistics that the losses from sus-
pensions are on the wane. This is comforting. It enables us
to emphasize other matters. So also, we learn that restora-
tions are growing in numbers. Here we learn something of
tremendous value. We can get these men to be restored; but
what next? Are then these to be severely let alone? Can
we not utilize them, make them really an integral part of
our plan, give them by participation something of Masonic
Education? We have long ago come to believe, that Masonic
Education consists in no small part of Masonic participation.

Then, too, we have debunked some notions about the
so-called "higher bodies". These indeed have suffered more
severely than have the Symbolic Lodges in the Depression.
Their activities toward restorations are vitally aiding the
lodges. They don’t hurt Freemasonry. Much that was
written about "Masonic Barnacles" might well have been
written about Masonic lodges which had thousands of mem-
bers who had nothing to do in these lodges and sought
means of Masonic expression elsewhere—the existence of
the "Barnacles" was an indictment of Masonic practices in
some places. The fact that shines out is, that Masonry is
a philosophy of life and these groups which are howled at
as "barnacles" are a means of interpreation further, or of
expression, of that Masonic philosophy in the life of the
individual—whether we like that expression or not. Some-
thing in the Masonic system must have a “‘voice of gladness
for his gayer hours". If this something is in what may be
called “barnacles”, and not elsewhere, whose fault is it?

In the hope that there may be found something worth
while in these tables, we present them. As conditions grow
more nearly stable, we shall add to our list of statistical
tables, which we have for several years abbreviated.

212

MASONIC REVIEWS

TABLE 2—MEMBERSHIP IN GRAND LODGE ARRANGED IN
ORDER OF MAGNITUDE

1. New York .............. 278,238
2. Illinois .................... 201,233
3. Pennsylvania ........ 188,829
Ae Elte usse conce 177,092
5. California ................ 129,326
6. Michigan ................ 123,454
7. Indiana .................. 113,945
8. Massachusetts .......... 110,334
9. "Tesag eerie 105,144
10. Missouri ................ 99,328
RENE 71,398
12. Kàafnsas 63,820
13. New Jersey.............. 58,870
14. Wisconsin .............. 54,436
15. Minnesota .............. 51,574
16. Oklahoma .............. 48,058
17. Kentucky ................ 44,017
18. Washington ............ 42,229
19. Virginia .................. 41,887
20. "Georgia «ore 41,736
21. Tennessee ................ 38,933
22. Connecticut ............ 38,285
23. Male ste 37,742
24. Nebraska ................ 35,043
25. Colorado ................ 31,091

26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.

West Virginia
Maryland
Alabama ................
North Carolina
Oregon .................
Arkansas
Louisiana

Mississippi ............
Blotida- Eege
Montana
Vermont `.
Rhode Island ..........
South Carolina ........
South Dakota..........
New Hampshire........
North Dakota ........
Idaho. ;:: om
Wyoming ................
New Mexico............
Delaware
Arizona
Utah

STATISTICAL TABLES

213

TABLE 3—PERCENTAGE OF NET LOSS TO MASTER MASONS

Dee Mino 1i: ec 7.799
2. North Dakota ............. 6.508
3. Kentucky... 6.470
4. Nebraska ..................... 5.847
5. Michaan 5.430
6. New York... 5.091
7. Tennessee...................... 4.818
8. Oregon 3s 4.813
9. New Jersey .................. 4.803
TO TOM ettet 4.792
Tile CC 4.748
12. Arkansas... eee 4.686
13. South Carolina .......... 4.631
l4. Vireinia eoe 4.555
15. South Dakota .............. 4.477
16. Washington.................. 4.457
17. LAA DO Yess esses ties 4.280

UNITED STATES .... 4.051
18. Minnesota... 3.934
19. Connecticut .................. 3.759
20. Massachusetts................ 3.697
214 Geofgla «cse eren 3.510
22. Wisconsin ....... eee 3.466
23. GATIZ OMA ta oe 3.368
DA «Malte a creen te EC geg 3.336

25. Maryland.................... 3.290
26. Jugi. ees ege sauces 3.278
27. Blorda: «cases 3.128
28. Pennsylvania .............. 3.126
29. North Carolina .......... 3.075
$0. Vermont: sooo: 2.963
S OO eegene 2.906
32. Rhode Island .......... 2.903
33. Missouri `... 2.881
34. Alabama «es 2.782
35. Louisiana .................. 2.767
3:6. Kansas stees, 2.601
3. Colotado e 2.557
38. Montana... 2.500
39. California ..«.............. 2.324
40. New Mexico .............. 2.284
41. New Hampshire........ 2.246
AD) Wta aeren . 1.834
43. Oklahoma ............... 1.498
44. Delaware 1.465
45. Wyoming .................. 1.180
46. West Virginia .... . 1.098
47. District of Columbia .8933
48. Mississippi.............. .8174
40. Nevada os dëi acne .3958

214 MASONIC REVIEWS

TABLE 4—PERCENTAGE RELATION OF RAISED TO
NUMBER ON ROLLS

1. South Carolina ............ 3.61 .25. Kansas: xcs eeu .. 1.62
2. Mississippi .................. 3:80. 27. Maine icona .. 1.60
3. New Mexico ............... 3.05 UNITED STATES ... 1.55
4. Arkansas ...................... 2.94 28. Wisconsin .................... 1.53
D. INeVAGA- eieiei 2.64. 29. ObhlOounsciceie cecus Z.. 1.50
6. Texas ........ EE 2.27 30. Oklahoma .................... 1.47
7. Indiana om Bes Le 2]. Nebraskassa iaa 1.43
Se Blotidá reis 2.19 32. Viren, 1.40
8. West Virginia .............. 2.19 33. South Dakota .............. 1.38
10. Georgia... 2.17 34. North Dakota .............. 1.37
11. Louisiana .................... 2.08 34. New Hampshire............ 1.37
12. Tennessee ................ vus 22905" 36.2 Golorado.. ceres 1.30
12. Alabama 4 ws 2.05 36. Minnesota .................... 1.30
14. North Carolina ............ 2.03 36. Washington.................. 1.30
15. Arizona suchkwesseent 1.98 39. New York.................... 1.29
16. Wyoming .............. Siu 1.94 40. Michigan................ Mois 1.27
16. District of Columbia... 1.94 41. Connmecticut.................. 1.20
l8. Utahem 1.88 42. Oregon ....................... 1.17
1:94 Idaho: EE 1.84 42. Rhode Island ............... 1.17
20. Kentucky ..:. eese 1.83 44. New Jersey ............. se L4
21. California e 1.77 45. Massachusetts................ 1.07
22. Montana... 1:71. 46. lllinois n 1.03
23. Missouri ...........ssesss 1.70 47. Pennsylvania ................ 1.01
DAS Termen 1.63 48. Maryland .................... 0.99
25. Vermont eira pead 1.62 49. Delaware ..................... 0.84

STATISTICAL TABLES

215

TABLE 5—NUMBER OF SUSPENSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS
PER HUNDRED MASTER MASONS

I. Arkansas. eere 13.06
2. Alabama ......... e 10.36
3. Mississippi .................. 9.45
4. Oklahoma 0.o 8.08
5. Louisiana .................... 7.49
Os: "Texas. aset egenen une 7.32
7. lllinois 2... a a 7.13
8. Fonda. 6.12
H. Kentucky «sce 6.03
10. Nebraska ...................... 6.02
lI. GOORfla- EE 5.94
12. Tennessee .................... 5.81
13. North Dakota .............. 5.60
14. New Mexico ................ 5.40
15: TOM EE 5.07
[6: D] o3 bec etc 5.02
17; Michigan te 4.87
18. South Dakota .............. 4.78
19. Washington ................ 4.76
20. North Carolina ............ 4.52
DAs. Jee, inscr pecus 4.42
22. New Jersey .................. 4.29
23.- Ida: , onc rr 4.27
24. Virginia. «cente 4.14

UNITED STATES 4.12

25

26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
3l
32.
33.
34.
35.

. Utah

. Missouri
Kansas

VIANA os ett its
Minnesota... :
Wisconsin ................ .
Montia «coe eis e
Maine: s.s stets
Connecticut ...............

California .......... ae ;
District of Columbia ....
Maryland `...
. Pennsylvania ............. i

o NEV ACA e eas aea dero
. Rhode Island..........

. Wyoming ........

. Colorado ........

. Vermont........

. Massachusetts :

. New Hampshire

. Delaware...

e New “YORK: itae
. Oregon .........

. South Carolina

216

MASONIC REVIEWS

TABLE 6—PERCENTAGE RELATION THAT AFFILIATIONS
BEAR TO DEMISSIONS

New Hampshire

1. New Hampshire .......... ^
2. Rhode Island ................ 324.3
3. Delaware .................... 280.0
4. Alabama ................... 264.0
5. Michigan `... 235.4
6. Connecticut ................ 231.1
7e OZON ceto 226.3
8: Colotado: i4 eite 207.4
9. Pennsylvania .............. 204.5
I0. Arkansas-. me 202.7
a EE 173.3
12: Florida «xseceecuction uses 129.9
13. North Carolina ............ 127.3
14. Mississippi .................. 115.9
15. District of Columbia.... 114.9
16. Oklahoma .................. 114.3
17. New Mexico ................ 114.0
18. Massachusetts .............. 111.2
19. Wyoming .................. 105.9
20. Georgia... 97.4
21. Louisiana. ............5 ee 96.3
22. West Virginia .............. 93.1
23. MICA gawd betae extis tags 92.7
245. "Texas: «mum vena 92.5

UNITED STATES...... 86.9

25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.

Montana ................ sss. 83.3
Kan8saS. EE 82.9
Washington ................ 81.5
Idabo enses 79.7
California .................. 77.0
Minnesota... 73.6 -
NEE 73.5
Missouri `... 73.0
Kentucky...................... 72.4
Nebraska: arose: 70.8
South Dakota .............: 64.4
South Carolina ........ 64.0
Illinois ete 63.6
New York.................... 62.0
Tennessee .................... 61.6
North Dakota .............. 59.5
reegt io vot adl 58.6
ME cesa eq ts 58.2
Wisconsin... 57.7
ODIO. ts il ete 57.1
Indiana xenon 54.5
New Jersey .................. 46.6
Virgina: Lees 45.2
Maryland .................... 40.5
Vermont ...........ssss 35.5

STATISTICAL TABLES 217

TABLE 7—MORTALITY AMONG MASTER
MASONS, 1937

Rank Deaths per 1,000 Average Age*
ER E see dee test 21.22 57
2.. VOMON E ven P ONDE 20.85 57
Six ME EE 20.13 56
45 NOW) YORK coh ere s 20.02 56
Die eut, Zeie graces i ERSTES wae 19.30 56
6. Nebraska... eere Ie vehere En 18.43 55
7. GOolotado... EE 18.40 55
8. South Carolina... 18.06 55
9. Massachusetts... 17.93 54
T0. EE 17.92 54
11. Connectient pR 17.68 54
1:2. Dela Wake sks: iir to tpi DRE cn 17.44 54
13. Georgia. arcet ex NN xo 17.40 54
13S Iéntueky:ue ete sene vtoctur bete 17.40 54

15%. Michigati. eei tct o ttr uie psa 17.29 54
TOA MINOS rh ve toc to eomm ost 17.22 54
17. New Mesieo asiriene 17.08 54
18. Dennseleana. sse 17.02 54
T0. Oregon o cocco tes eot odes 17.01 54

20. North Dakon... e 16.98 54

21. North Carolina... 16.94 54

22. Washington... 16.91 54

23. Maryland. aite mai 16.83 54

24. Montana sees m ossis odes 16.81 54

25. OMA see es se ent ne E ects ae Sa 16.67 53

UNITED STATES................. 16.59 53

26;. |dalos. oco oco qi DDR m pec 16.42 53

27. Tennesse io ee ec ero eset wanes 16.31 53

Knaus ih Seege Bebe 16.17 53

20. India thas. uu cct remi mcr cene 16.10 53

30. Louisiana... 16.09 53

31. Rhode Ieiand. 15.81 52

32. Mississippi... 15.71 52
22. Missotten t acea mo 15.71 52

34. "Califotrila.. «voee sheer t n 15.68 52

35. Virginia, «seien eben reae 15.66 52

36. Dist. of Columbia sees 15.62 52

87, (Ohi E 15.61 52
38. New Jersey «i ics enar tee 15.38 52

39. Oklaboma. mirn air eiaa 15.31 52

A Qc AB EET 15.28 52

4]. Minnes Otar eerte rid ta 15.05 52

42. West Virginia... 14.76 51

43. Wisconsin........ ee 14.44 51

44. Weoming errei ninrinman 14.33 51

44. South Dakon. reesersenererrrssee 14.33 51

46. TOLAS a aere O buie p Pee vta 14.26 51

47, Nevada... visis meet won 14.18 50

48. Florida... eor tnm 13.30 49

49. New Hampshire... eene 11.12 45

* American Experience Table of Mortality used.

218 MASONIC REVIEWS

TABLE 8—PERCENTAGE Op MASTER. MASONS THAT ARE
ROYAL ARCH:MASONS

1. Alabama ...................... 19.90 26. Nebraska ................... 17.07
2.. ArizOná. cose sse 17.49 27. Nevada ..................... 22.99
3. Arkansas `... 16.63 28. New Hampshire .......... 32.38
4. California .................. 16.69 29. New Jersey ................ 17.93
5. Colorado .................... 20.79 30. New Mexico................ 28.32
6. Connecticut ................ 34.57 31. New York .................. 19.01
7. Delaware .................... 28.97 32. North Carolina ......... 13.41
8. District of Columbia... 24.96 33. North Dakota ............ 21.21
9, Florida. oe 19.43 34. Ohio 00... 36.10
10, Georgia. mees 18.69 35. Oklahoma .................. 14.30
Eis Idabo EE 22.53 36. Oregon ................... 21.60
12; UHRO 5r 25.89 37. Pennsylvania .............. 26.69
13. Indiana ...................... 15.87 38. Rhode Island ............. . 52.90
14. ION. rnit 21.21 39. South Carolina ........... 12.00
155. (Kansas uonten resori 20.86 40. South Dakota ............ 22.82
16. Kentucky .................... 22.76 41. Tennessee .............. TM 16.23
17. Louisiana ...... AEN 23.36 42. Texas ............ 27.51
I8. Maine 5: 36.11 43. Utah ............, peente 25801
19. Maryland .................... 26.89 44. Vermont ................... 27.47
20. Massachusetts .............. 28.38 45. Virginia .................. — 30.12
21. Michigan .................... 27.80 46. Washington ............... ` 17.24
22. Minnesota .................. 24.60 47. West Virginia .......... 30.76
23. Mississippi .................. 13.45 48. Wisconsin .................. 39.05
24. Missouri .................... 23.15 49. Wyoming ..................- 24.42
25. Montana `. 19.92 UNITED STATES... 23.82

STATISTICAL TABLES

219

TABLE 9—PERCENTAGE OF MASTER MASONS THAT ARE
KNIGHTS TEMPLAR

l. Alabama ...................... 18.56
2. Arizona sees 10.13
3. Arkansas `. 5.65
4. California .................. 9.12
5. Colorado `... 11.94
6. Connecticut ............... 13.82
7. Delaware .................... 11.98
8. District of Columbia.... 12.01
9. Florida ........................ 12.84
10. Georgia oo... ccc 8.55
b. Ca Detten 12.80
12. Minois uote 11.17
13., Indiana cow 7.73
E Ve EEN 11.19
15. Kansas? 4e eet 13.60
16. Kentucky ................... 11.25
17. Louisiana ...................- 7.64
L8. Maine isses rno 18.37
19. Maryland .................... 12.68
20. Massachusetts .............. 13.57
21. Michigan `... 9.31
22. Minnesota `... 11.53
23. Mississippi .................. 6.46
24. Missouri... 11.17
25. Montana ........ 0.0.00 10.20

26. Nebraska .................... 9.05
27. Nevada ss oet s 11.07
28. New Hampshire .......... 17.04
29. New Jersey ................ 6.59
30. New Mexico .............. 16.42
31. New York ................. 8.67
32. North Carolina .......... 9.93
33. North Dakota ............ 11.84
34. Oho. 14.75
35. Oklahoma .................. 9.19
36. Oregon `. 10.30
37. Pennsylvania .............. 17.73
38. Rhode Island .............. 23.29
39. South Carolina ............ 8.22
40. South Dakota.............. 14.16
^l. “Tennessee 5. 7.56
42. Texas ee eegene 11.03
43. Utah is eese ss 17.38
44. Vermont .................... 16.11
45. "Mu eege 12.60
46. Washington ................ 9.44
47. West Virginia .......... 17.57
48. Wisconsin `... 16.32
49. Wyoming.................. ^. 17.12

UNITED STATES... 11.64

220

MASONIC REVIEWS

TABLE 10—PERCENTAGE OF MASONS WHO ARE SHRINERS

KL Nevada. n 26.6

1. New Mexico ................ 26.6

3. Pennsylvania ................ 25.4

Ais Florida «ceres 24.1

Die NGA EE 23.6

6. West Virginia .............. 23.5

7. Wyoming ..............ssss 21.8

8. California... 20.6

9. South Dakota... 19.2

10. Alabama ...................... 19.0
11. North Dakota .............. 18.6
12. Minnesota .................... 18.5
13. Arizona oues 18.3
Lk. Oregonza. sees 17.7
15. District of Columbia...... 17.6
EEN m dcs 17.2
17e Ee TEE 17.1
18. Montana ................ 16.8
19. Washington .................. 16.5
20. Rhode Island ................ 15.9
21. Vitginia eios 15.6
22; Kansas cce totos 14.4
23. Mississippi ...................- 14.1
24. Louisiana ...................... 13.7
UNITED STATES ..... 13.66

25. North Carolina ............ 13.1
25. Colorado ... Soe 13.1
27. Nebraska: «usce teres 13.0
27. New Hampshire ............ 13.0
29. Maryland ...................... 12.8
30. Missouri .............. ess 12.7
31. Massachusetts ................ 12.5
33. TOW pin reno deor 12.3
335 ODIO. nni ttr tha 12.1
34. TIlinols ete 11.9
34. New Jersey .5............... 11.9
36. Vermont ........ 0.000.000.0008 11.6
37... Tennessee’ ees Ee SNE 11.4
38. Arkansas ...............00000 11.1
39. Oklahoma .................... 10.7
40. Georgia) inedite 10.5
4l. Maine «uico» s 10.3
42. Wisconsin .......:.....se 9.7
43. New York .................... 9.6
44. Connecticut .................. 9.2
45. Michigan ...............s 8.2
46. Kentucky os 7.8
47. South Carolina .............. 7.7
48. Indiana `. 6.7
49.

Delaware....No Shrine Temple

STATISTICAL TABLES 221

TABLE 11—PERCENTAGE RELATION, KNIGHTS TEMPLAR
TO ROYAL ARCH MASONS

. New Mexico

l. New Mexico `... 73.3 26. Montana ............... 48.1
Ls, Ploridà- once 73.3 26. New York ................ 48.1
So Elteren gege 72.7 28. Maryland ................... 47.3
4. Wyoming... 66.8 29. Georgia aic 45.4
5, Alabama... eee 64.3 UNITED STATES ..... 45.2
6. Idahó idees eret 62.2 30. Kentucky suec 45.0
7. Pennsylvania ................ 61.5 31. Massachusetts ................ 44.8
8. Oklahoma .................... 60.8 32. Minnesota ............ 44.3
Oh Nevada. était cerent 59.8 33. Oregon `, 44.2
10. North Carolina.............. 59.3 34, Missouri .......0........ 6000. 43.8
11. South Carolina .............. 57.4 35. Wisconsin ............... ss 43.3
12. "Been, ceres 57.0 36. Iowa, 43.1
13. South Dakota ............. 56.5 37. Delawafe isouwesccees 42.4
14. North Dakota................ 55.9 38. Tennessee ..............- 42.3
15. Colorado: ....... is 55.2 39. Rhode Island ................ 42.1
16. West Virginia................ 54.4 40. Arkansas o 39.5
17. WefmoOnt enne 54.1 41. Virginia seoir 39.1
L8; ëmer de 53.3. 42. Minois «mt 38.9
19. Washington .................. 52.8 43. Connecticut .................. 377
20. California ............... 523. 44. Ohlo imt 36.5
21. Mississippi `... BLR 44. Indiana mes 36.5
DD Mme, sees ton BOA 46. Texas esteem 36.2
23. New Hampshire ............ 49.8 47. New Jersey .........00005 34.2
24. District of Columbia... 48.9 48. Michigan ..............- 31.5
25. Nebraska ....................-- 48.4 49. Louisiana ............ ss 28.6

222 MASONIC REVIEWS

TABLE 12—MYSTIC SHRINE

NUMBER OF MEMBERS IN STATES AND TERRITORIES UNDER THE
JURISDICTION OF THE IMPERIAL COUNCIL

No.
Members Created Loss Gains

Alnbama---a-oncceeccec eoe ea ee ee 5,596 56 468 d
ArIKAnSBaBS..--.— rcl Ll amequocedeu emite eS 2,948 53 422
ATONE lll. collum a a i uU 1,078 17 37
leeden e, 28,105 475 1,226
Colorado........... ër 4,174 18 708
Connecticut. EE 3,641 26 354
Delaware: 2... ln emus cee ETE ees

3,637 43 273

5,049 35 734

4,410 58 298

1,561 40 168

29,063 215 1,962

7,604 93 428

8,802 163 1,128

9,442 276 68
KentücEy:.-.l-oc n.onnocusewemcowsw S 3,652 36 233
e EE 3,029 27 272
Maine. oo -ecsnccmedoneaduseceu dre pedes eI 4,017 75 493
Maryland DEE 4,052 102 198
Massachusetts... cc cone n o Echt 14,337 112 550
Michigan-cocoesu etd cect Eh 10,635 110 2,048
Minnesota.--.-.----.-cc cll lecce ceni ac. 8,905 201 474
MISBOUT le. vanos cc mem cmm enean ee 12,011 131 1,339
Mississippl. ai eros osasecocueeo REENE 2,911 162
Montana. arena qaem m rtm termi m mme 3,159 45 244
NODI8SKR-..--.acuctcagecLemeessdicgmemc iE 4,554 46 154
New Hampshire____-----.------------------. 1,821 29 118
New Jersey. - -—unesemÓomddedUteadsuc cues aco 10,235 62 1,288
New "Meier. ehre bebe gege 1,577 96 28
New REH eege eieiei 28,071 186 3,791
Nevada-c-llueseecceco rerum tmm emm emu 807 34
North Carolina 3,712 59 403
North Dakota 2,351 13 231
Lei e EE 21,349 234 3,213
Lei Ee EE 5,255 70 24
Oregon....... 4,593 14 131
Pennsylvania. 49,432 437 5,119
Rhode Island.... 2,770 9
South Carolina... 1,372 19 298
South Dakota 3,195 50 59
TénneB5ee. E 4,423 35 436
Texas... 2c poH 18,892 289 2,324
Utahl-oslli-gunioucacneneei cssc dede 1,102 19
MerinofUso2scdczoseuweducmeseenntenmum ama E 2,087 34 116
VIRIN Lo c encor Eeer 6,528 102 49
Washington... cucoocleczecemeeem ses mees 6,949 64 304
West VITRINI A aien EES 7,291 85 494
le E 5,476 227 35
Wyomlng...u.colll-n2l2-leezxceaseGez alere 1,719 29 45
U. S. Total.zoscee-unegesesze-seemc- Sens 377,379 4,871 33,669 35
ef EE 8,449 23 485
Ganaül “Zone sss cucacu woe aoc Aa 812 22 2
Hawaiian Islands...........---..-.-.-----.-. 781 16 22
Meier Eeer mE mede ares 412 23 59
Foreign Total_____.------------------------ 10,454 84

568
Grand Total_.....-.------------------------ 387,833 1,955 34,237 35